هَرَاقَتِ السَّمَاءُ مَاءَهَا وَهِيَ تَهْرِيقُ
The sky poured down its water, and it was pouring.
وَالْمَاءُ مَهْرَاقٌ
And the water is a place of pouring.
وَقَالَ: وَهَرَقْتُ مِثْلَ أَرَقْتُ
And he said: And I poured like I spilled.
وَمَثَلُ الْعَرَبِ يُخَاطَبُ بِهِ الْغَضْبَانُ: هَرِقْ عَلَى جَمْرِكَ «1» أَوْ تَبَيَّنْ أَيْ تَثَبَّتْ
And an example of the Arabs, addressed to an angry person: Pour onto your embers or be clear, meaning be firm.
وَمِثْلُ هَرَقْتُ وَالْأَصْلُ أَرَقْتُ قَوْلُهُمْ: هَرَحْتُ الدَّابَّةَ وَأَرَحْتَهَا
And like 'haraqtu' and the origin is 'araqtu' is their saying: I rested the animal and I rested it.
وَيُقَالُ أَهْرِقْ عَنَّا مِنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ وَأَهْرِئْ عَنَّا بِمَعْنَاهُ
And it is said: 'Ahriq 'anna' from the midday heat and 'ahri' 'anna' with the same meaning.
وَمَنْ قَالَ أَهْرَقَ عَنَّا مِنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ جَعَلَ الْقَافَ مُبْدَلَةً مِنَ الْهَمْزَةِ فِي أَهْرِئْ
And whoever says 'ahraqa 'anna' from the midday heat made the Qaf a substitute for the Hamza in 'ahri'.
وَمِثْلُهُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَتْ بِأَصْلِيَّةٍ إِنَّمَا هِيَ بَدَلٌ مِنْ هَمْزَةِ أَرَاقَ
And its like is that it is not original, rather it is a substitute for the hamza of 'araqa'.
هَرَاقَ الْمَاءَ يَهْرِيقُهُ، هَرَاقَةً أَيْ صَبَّهُ
He poured the water, pouring it, meaning he spilled it.
رُبَّ كَأْسٍ هَرَقْتُهَا، ابْنَ لُؤَيٍّ، ... حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ، لَمْ تَكُنْ مَهْرَاقَهْ
Perhaps a cup I poured, O son of Lu'ayy... fearing death, it was not something to be spilled.
فَهَرِيقَ فِي ثَوْبٍ عَلَيْكَ مُحَبَّرٌ
And it was spilled on a garment of yours, dyed.
وَمَا هَرِيقَ عَلَى الأَنْصَابِ مِنْ جَسَدٍ
And what was spilled upon the idols from a body.
وَأَصْلُ هَرَاقَ أَرَاقَ يُرِيقُ إِرَاقَةً
And the origin of 'haraqa' is 'araqa' 'yuriiqu' 'iraaqatan'.
وَإِنَّمَا قَالُوا أَنَا أُهْرِيقُهُ وَهُمْ لَا يَقُولُونَ أُأَرِيقُهُ لِاسْتِثْقَالِهِمُ الْهَمْزَتَيْنِ
And they said 'ana uhriiquhu' and they do not say 'ua'riiquhu' because they found two hamzas heavy.
وَفِيهِ لُغَةٌ أُخْرَى: أَهْرَقَ الْمَاءَ يَهْرِقُهُ إِهْرَاقًا عَلَى أَفْعَلَ يَفْعَلُ
And there is another language in it: 'ahraqa' the water 'yahriquhu' 'ihraaqan' on the pattern 'af'ala yaf'alu'.
أَبْدَلُوا مِنَ الْهَمْزَةِ الْهَاءَ ثُمَّ أُلْزِمَتْ فَصَارَتْ كَأَنَّهَا مِنْ نَفْسِ الْحَرْفِ
They substituted the Ha' for the Hamza, then it became fixed as if it were from the letter itself.
وَهِيَ لُغَةٌ ثَالِثَةٌ شَاذَّةٌ نَادِرَةٌ لَيْسَتْ بِوَاحِدَةٍ مِنَ اللُّغَتَيْنِ الْمَشْهُورَتَيْنِ
And it is a third, anomalous, rare language, not one of the two famous languages.
يَقُولُونَ: هَرَقْتُ الْمَاءَ هَرْقًا وَأَهْرَقْتُهُ إِهْرَاقًا، فَيَجْعَلُونَ الْهَاءَ فَاءً وَالرَّاءَ عَيْنًا وَلَا يَجْعَلُونَهُ مُعْتَلًّا
They say: 'haraqtu' the water 'harqan' and 'ahraqtuhi' 'ihraaqan', making the Ha' the Fa', the Ra' the 'Ain, and they do not make it defective.
وَأَمَّا الثَّانِيَةُ الَّتِي حَكَاهَا سِيبَوَيْهِ فَهِيَ أَهْرَاقَ يُهْرِيقُ إِهْرَاقَةً، فَغَيَّرَهَا الْجَوْهَرِيُّ وَجَعَلَهَا ثَالِثَةً وَجَعَلَ مَصْدَرَهَا إِهْرِيَاقًا
And as for the second which Sibawayh narrated, it is 'ahraqa yuhriiqu ihraaqatan', and Al-Jawhari changed it and made it third and made its source 'ihriyaaqan'.
فَأَنَا أَهْرِيقُهُ وَالشَّيْءُ مَهْرَاقٌ وَمَهْرَاقٌ أَيْضًا، بِالتَّحْرِيكِ
So I pour it, and the thing is 'mahraaq' and 'mahraaq' also, with vowelization.
وَالشَّاهِدُ لِلْمَهْرَاقِ مَا أَنْشَدَ فِي بَابِ الْهِجَاءِ مِنَ الْحَمَاسَةِ لِعُمَارَةَ بْنِ عُقَيْلٍ
And the evidence for 'al-mahraaq' is what was recited in the chapter of invective from Al-Hamasah by Umara bin Uqayl.
وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ: أُهْرِيقَ دَمُهُ؛ وَتَقْدِيرُ يُهْرِيقُ، بِفَتْحِ الْهَاءِ، يُهْفَعَلُ
And in the Hadith: His blood was shed; and the pattern of 'yuhriiqu', with the fath of the Ha', is 'yuhfa'alu'.
وَأَمَّا تَقْدِيرُ يُهْرِيقُ، بِالتَّسْكِينِ، فَلَا يُمْكِنُ النُّطْقُ بِهِ لِأَنَّ الْهَاءَ وَالْفَاءَ سَاكِنَانِ
And as for the pattern 'yuhriiqu', with Sukun, it cannot be pronounced because the Ha' and the Fa' are silent.
وَفِي حَدِيثِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ: أَنَّ امْرَأَةً كَانَتْ تَهْرَاقُ الدَّمَ؛ هَكَذَا جَاءَ عَلَى مَا لَمْ يُسَمَّ فَاعِلُهُ
And in the Hadith of Umm Salamah: A woman was shedding blood; thus it came in the passive voice.
أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ وَفَحْمَةَ اللَّيْلِ أَيْ انْزِلُوا، وَهِيَ سَاعَةٌ يَشُقُّ فِيهَا السَّيْرُ عَلَى الدَّوَابِّ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتُ
At the beginning of the night and the deep night, meaning dismount, and it is an hour when travel is difficult for mounts until that time passes.
وَالْمِهْرَقَانُ: الْبَحْرُ لِأَنَّهُ يُهْرِيقُ مَاءَهُ عَلَى السَّاحِلِ
And Al-Mihrigan: the sea because it pours its water onto the coast.
وَقِيلَ الْمِهْرَقَانُ سَاحِلُ الْبَحْرِ حَيْثُ فَاضَ فِيهِ الْمَاءُ ثُمَّ نَضَبَ عَنْهُ فَبَقِيَ الْوَدَعُ
And it is said Al-Mihrigan is the seashore where water overflowed into it and then receded, leaving shells.
وَالْمَهَارِقُ: الصَّحَارِي، وَاحِدُهَا مِهْرَقٌ، وَهُوَ مُعَرَّبٌ
And Al-Mahaariq: the deserts, its singular is 'mihraq', and it is Persianized.
وَإِنَّمَا قِيلَ لِلصَّحْرَاءِ مِهْرَقٌ تَشْبِيهًا بِالصَّحِيفَةِ
And the desert was called 'mihraq' by way of resemblance to a parchment.
وَقَالَ اللِّحْيَانِيُّ: بَلَدٌ مَهَارِقُ وَأَرْضٌ مَهَارِقُ كَأَنَّهُمْ جَعَلُوا كُلَّ جُزْءٍ مِنْهُ مِهْرَقًا
And Al-Lihyani said: A land of 'mahaariq' and a land of 'mahaariq' as if they made every part of it a 'mihraq'.
وَخَرَقٌ مَهَارِقُ ذِي لَهْلَهٍ، ... أَجَدَّ الْأَجْدَادَ مَظْمُؤُهُ
And plains of 'mahaariq' of great expanse, the thirsty found them renewed.
وَأَمَّا مَا رَوَاهُ اللِّحْيَانِيُّ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ هَرَقْتُ حَتَّى نِصْفَ اللَّيْلِ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ أَرَقْتُ، فَأَبْدَلَ الْهَاءَ مِنَ الْهَمْزَةِ
And as for what Al-Lihyani narrated from their saying 'haraqtu until midnight', it is actually 'araqtu', so the Ha' was substituted for the Hamza.