نفق

Root entry · 19 derived lemmas

The root نفق primarily relates to concepts of passing away, depletion, and circulation. It extends to the idea of a passage or tunnel, and metaphorically to hypocrisy and deceit, often linked to the behavior of a desert rodent.

Derived headwords

نَفَقَverb

1.
to dieclassical
Used for horses, camels, and other animals, signifying death.
2.
to sell wellboth
Describing a transaction or market that is brisk and in high demand.
3.
to run outboth
Referring to provisions or money becoming depleted.
4.
to pass throughclassical
To exit or emerge from a passage or hole.

نفق الفرس والدابة وسائر البهائم ينفق نفوقا: مات — The horse, beast, and all other animals die, perishing.

ونفق البيع نفاقا: راج — And the sale was brisk, circulating.

نَفُوقnoun

1.
deathclassical
The state of being dead, specifically for animals.

والجزور نافقة أي ميتة من نفقت الدابة إذا ماتت — And the camel is dead, meaning it has died, from the animal dying when it dies.

نَفَقَاقnoun

1.
brisknessboth
The state of a market or commodity being in high demand and selling quickly.
2.
depletionboth
The state of something running out or being exhausted.
3.
hypocrisyclassical
The act of feigning belief or adherence, particularly in religion.

ونفق البيع نفاقا: راج — And the sale was brisk, circulating.

ونفق ماله ودرهمه وطعامه نفقا ونفاقا ونفق، كلاهما: نقص وقل، وقيل فني وذهب — And his money, dirhams, and food ran out, diminished, and decreased, and it was said they perished and went away.

أَنْفَقَverb

1.
to cause to sell wellboth
To make a commodity desirable or to promote its sale.
2.
to spendboth
To expend money or resources.
3.
to become poorclassical
To experience poverty or financial depletion.

وأنفقها هو ونفقها — And he made it sell well, and it sold well.

وأنفق الرجل إذا افتقر — And the man became poor if he was impoverished.

مُنْفِقnoun

1.
sellerboth
One who promotes the sale of goods, sometimes through deceptive means.
2.
spenderboth
One who spends money.

المنفق سلعته بالحلف الكاذب — The one who promotes his commodity with a false oath.

مُنْفَقnoun

1.
passageboth
A tunnel or underground passage, often with an exit elsewhere.

وفي التنزيل: فإن استطعت أن تبتغي نفقا في الأرض — And in the Quran: If you can find a passage in the earth.

نَفَقَةnoun

1.
spendingboth
The act or amount of money spent.
2.
provisionsboth
Money or resources allocated for expenses, especially for family.
3.
holeclassical
A small hole or burrow, particularly of a desert rodent.

والنفقة: ما أنفق، والجمع نفاق — And the expense: what is spent, and the plural is nifaq.

والنفقة والنافقاء: جحر الضب واليربوع — And the nifqah and the nafiqa': the burrow of the spiny-tailed lizard and the jerboa.

نَفَقَاتnoun

1.
expensesboth
Plural of 'nafaqah', referring to multiple expenditures.

حكى اللحياني: نفدت نفاق القوم ونفقاتهم، بالكسر، إذا نفدت وفنيت — Al-Lihyani narrated: The people's nifaq and their expenses ran out, with a kasra, when they were depleted and finished.

مُنْفَاقadjective

1.
spendthriftboth
One who spends excessively or lavishly.

ورجل منفاق أي كثير النفقة — And a man is munfaq, meaning of much spending.

اسْتَنْفَقَverb

1.
to depleteboth
To cause something to run out or be exhausted.
2.
to extractclassical
To draw something out, metaphorically like extracting a jerboa from its burrow.

واستنفقه: أذهبه — And istanafaqahu: he made it go away.

وتنفقه الحارش وانتفقه: استخرجه من نافقائه — And the hunter hunted it and extracted it: he drew it out from its nafiqa'.

نَافَقَverb

1.
to act hypocriticallyclassical
To exhibit outward belief while concealing inner disbelief, likened to a jerboa's burrowing.
2.
to enter a burrowclassical
Specifically referring to a jerboa entering its secondary exit (nafiqa').

يقال: قد نفق به ونافق — It is said: he has perished by it and he acted hypocritically.

ويقال: نافق اليربوع إذا دخل في نافقائه — And it is said: the jerboa nafaqa if it enters its nafiqa'.

نَافِقَاءnoun

1.
jerboa's burrowclassical
A secondary exit or hidden passage in a jerboa's burrow.

والنفقة والنافقاء: جحر الضب واليربوع — And the nifqah and the nafiqa': the burrow of the spiny-tailed lizard and the jerboa.

مُنَافِقnoun

1.
hypocriteboth
One who outwardly professes faith but inwardly disbelieves.

وفي الحديث: أكثر منافقي هذه الأمة قراؤها — And in the hadith: The most hypocrites of this Ummah are its reciters.

نِفَاقnoun

1.
hypocrisyboth
The state or act of being a hypocrite; duality in faith.

والنفاق، بالكسر: فعل المنافق — And al-nifaq, with a kasra: the action of the hypocrite.

والنفاق: الدخول في الإسلام من وجه والخروج عنه من آخر، مشتق من نافقاء اليربوع إسلامية — And al-nifaq: entering Islam from one direction and exiting from another, derived from the jerboa's nafiqa', an Islamic term.

نَفِيقadjective

1.
fast-endingclassical
Describing a horse or its gait that quickly tires or stops.

وفرس نفق الجري إذا كان سريع انقطاع الجري — And a horse with a 'nafiq' gait if it is quick to stop running.

نَفَقnoun

1.
tunnelboth
An underground passage or tunnel.
2.
burrowboth
A hole or tunnel dug by an animal.

والنفق: سرب في الأرض مشتق إلى موضع آخر — And the nafaq: a passage in the earth leading to another place.

وفي المثل: ضل دريص نفقه أي جحره — And in the proverb: Dureis lost his nafaq, meaning his burrow.

أَنْفَاقnoun

1.
tunnelsboth
Plural of 'nafaq', referring to multiple underground passages.

والجمع أنفاق — And the plural is anfaq.

نَافِقَةnoun

1.
musk podclassical
The gland or sac containing musk, particularly from a musk deer.

والنافقة: نافقة المسك، دخيل، وهي فأرة المسك وهي وعاؤه — And the nafiqah: the musk pod, foreign, which is the musk mouse and its container.

نَيْفَقnoun

1.
gussetclassical
A widening or expandable part in clothing, like trousers.

ونيفق القميص والسراويل: معروف، وهو قارسي معرب، وهو المنفق، وقيل النيفق دخيل، نيفق السراويل — And the nifaq of a shirt and trousers: known, and it is Persianized Arabic, and it is al-munfaq, and it is said al-nayfiq is foreign, the nifaq of trousers.

Parallel reading

فما أشياء نشريها بمال، ... فإن نفقت فأكسد ما تكون

So what are things we buy with money... if they sell well, then they are most stagnant.

والجزور نافقة أي ميتة من نفقت الدابة إذا ماتت

And the camel is dead, meaning it has died, from the animal dying when it dies.

نفق البغل وأودى سرجه، ... في سبيل الله سرجي وبغل

The mule died and its saddle was lost; in the path of God are my saddle and my mule.

ونفقت السلعة تنفق نفاقا، بالفتح: غلت ورغب فيها

And the commodity sold well, selling briskly, with a fatha: it became expensive and desired.

المنفق سلعته بالحلف الكاذب

The one who promotes his commodity with a false oath.

اليمين الكاذبة منفقة للسلعة ممحقة للبركة

A false oath makes the commodity sell well but erases the blessing.

لا ينفق بعضكم بعضا أي لا يقصد أن ينفق سلعته على جهة النجش

Let not some of you bid up others, meaning do not intend to promote your commodity by means of artificial bidding.

وأنفق القوم: نفقت سوقهم

And the people's market was brisk: their market sold well.

ونفق ماله ودرهمه وطعامه نفقا ونفاقا ونفق، كلاهما: نقص وقل، وقيل فني وذهب

And his money, dirhams, and food ran out, diminished, and decreased, and it was said they perished and went away.

إذا لأمسكتم خشية الإنفاق

Then you would have withheld out of fear of spending.

وإذا قيل لهم أنفقوا مما رزقكم الله

And when it is said to them, 'Spend from what Allah has provided you.'

واستنفقه: أذهبه

And he depleted it: he made it go away.

والنفقة: ما أنفق، والجمع نفاق

And the expense: what is spent, and the plural is nifaq.

نفدت نفاق القوم ونفقاتهم، بالكسر، إذا نفدت وفنيت

The people's nifaq and their expenses ran out, with a kasra, when they were depleted and finished.

ورجل منفاق أي كثير النفقة

And a man is munfaq, meaning of much spending.

من باع عرضه أنفق أي من شاتم الناس شتم، ومعناه أنه يجد نفاقا بعرضه ينال منه

He who sells his honor, he finds a way to be reviled; meaning he finds a means through his honor to be attacked.

من حظ المرء نفاق أيمه

From a person's good fortune is the briskness of his oaths (i.e., his women being sought in marriage).

سير نفق أي منقطع

A fast-ending journey, meaning one that is cut short.

فإن استطعت أن تبتغي نفقا في الأرض

If you can find a passage in the earth.

خفاهن من أنفاقهن، كأنما ... خفاهن ودق من عشي مجلب

Their burrows from their tunnels, as if... their burrows were hail from a gathering evening.

والنفقة والنافقاء: جحر الضب واليربوع

And the nifqah and the nafiqa': the burrow of the spiny-tailed lizard and the jerboa.

ونفق اليربوع ونفق وانتفق ونفق: خرج منه

And the jerboa emerged, and emerged, and emerged, and emerged: it came out of it.

إذا أرادوا دسمه تنفقا

When they wanted to fatten it, it emerged.

فإذا طلب قصع فخرج من القاصعاء، فهو يدخل في النافقاء ويخرج من القاصعاء، أو يدخل في القاصعاء ويخرج من النافقاء، فيقال هكذا يفعل المنافق

So when it is sought, it emerges from the qasa'a, and it enters the nafiqa' and exits from the qasa'a, or enters the qasa'a and exits from the nafiqa', so it is said: thus does the hypocrite act.

فإذا أتي من قبل القاصعاء ضرب النافقاء برأسه فانتفق أي خرج

So when it is approached from the qasa'a, it strikes the nafiqa' with its head and emerges, meaning it exits.

أكثر منافقي هذه الأمة قراؤها

The most hypocrites of this Ummah are its reciters.

أنفقت الإبل إذا انتثرت أوبارها عن سمن

The camels shed their hair if their wool falls out due to fatness.

ونفق الجرح إذا تقشر

And the wound peels off if it scales.

ونيفق السراويل الموضع المتسع منها

And the nifaq of trousers is the wide part of it.