ءهق

Root entry · 9 derived lemmas

This root primarily discusses a specific type of wild plant, identified as 'al-ayhaqān'. The text explores its botanical characteristics, common names, and culinary uses, differentiating it from similar plants and clarifying its etymology.

Derived headwords

الأيهقانnoun

1.
Wild arugulaboth
A wild plant, specifically identified as wild arugula (Eruca sativa), also known as 'al-nahq'. It is described as a tall herb with a red flower and broad leaves, edible and slightly bitter.
2.
Plant resembling arugulaclassical
A plant that resembles arugula but is not the same. It is described as being about the length of a forearm, with leaves larger than those of 'al-ḥawā'ah' and white flowers, edible with some bitterness.

فعلا فروع الأيهقان — He made the branches of the ayhaqan grow.

ورضيع أيهقان — And a suckling of wild arugula.

أيهقانةnoun

1.
A single plant of ayhaqanclassical
The singular form of 'al-ayhaqān', referring to one individual plant of this species.

النهقnoun

1.
Al-nahqclassical
Another name for the plant 'al-ayhaqān', mentioned as its original name according to Abu Hanifa.

من العشب الأيهقان وإنما اسمه النهق — Among the herbs is al-ayhaqan, but its name is al-nahq.

الصيمرانnoun

1.
Al-ṣaymarānclassical
A plant name mentioned as an example of the pattern 'fiy'alān'.

والصفة نحو الأيهقان والصيمران والزيبدان والهيردان — and the adjective, like al-ayhaqan, al-ṣaymarān, al-zaybidān, and al-hayrdān.

الزيبدانnoun

1.
Al-zaybidānclassical
A plant name mentioned as an example of the pattern 'fiy'alān'.

والصفة نحو الأيهقان والصيمران والزيبدان والهيردان — and the adjective, like al-ayhaqan, al-ṣaymarān, al-zaybidān, and al-hayrdān.

الهيردانnoun

1.
Al-hayrdānclassical
A plant name mentioned as an example of the pattern 'fiy'alān'.

والصفة نحو الأيهقان والصيمران والزيبدان والهيردان — and the adjective, like al-ayhaqan, al-ṣaymarān, al-zaybidān, and al-hayrdān.

الخيزرانnoun

1.
Bambooboth
A type of plant, mentioned as an example of the pattern 'fiy'alān' to illustrate its commonality.

لكثرة فيعلان كالخيزران والحيسمان — due to the abundance of 'fiy'alān' like al-khayzurān and al-ḥaysamān.

الحيسمانnoun

1.
Al-ḥaysamānclassical
A plant name mentioned as an example of the pattern 'fiy'alān'.

لكثرة فيعلان كالخيزران والحيسمان — due to the abundance of 'fiy'alān' like al-khayzurān and al-ḥaysamān.

الحواءةnoun

1.
Al-ḥawā'ahclassical
A plant whose leaf size is used as a reference point for comparison with 'al-ayhaqān'.

ولها ورقة أعظم من ورقة الحواءة — and it has a leaf larger than the leaf of al-ḥawā'ah.

Parallel reading

الأيهقان: الجرجير، وفي الصحاح: الجرجير البري، وهو فيعلان.

Al-ayhaqan: arugula, and in Al-Ṣiḥāḥ: wild arugula, and it is of the pattern fiy'alān.

ورضيع أيهقان ؛ هو الجرجير البري؛

And a suckling of ayhaqan; it is wild arugula;

فعلا فروع الأيهقان، وأطفلت ... بالجلهتين ظباؤها ونعامها

He made the branches of the ayhaqan grow, and its gazelles and ostriches gave birth in the two Jilhatayn.

وقيل: هو نبت يشبه الجرجير وليس به؛

And it was said: it is a plant that resembles arugula but is not it;

من العشب الأيهقان وإنما اسمه النهق،

Among the herbs is al-ayhaqan, but its name is al-nahq,

وهي عشبة تطول في السماء طولا شديدا، ولها وردة حمراء وورقة عريضة، والناس يأكلونه،

It is a herb that grows very tall, has a red flower and a broad leaf, and people eat it,

هو عشبة تستقل مقدار الساعد، ولها ورقة أعظم من ورقة الحواءة وزهرة بيضاء، وهي تؤكل وفيها مرارة،

It is a herb about the measure of a forearm, with a leaf larger than the leaf of al-ḥawā'ah and a white flower, and it is eaten and has bitterness,

واحدته أيهقانة،

Its singular is ayhaqanah,

وهذا الذي قاله أبو حنيفة عن أبي زياد من أن الأيهقان مغير عن النهق مقلوب منه خطأ،

And what Abu Hanifa said from Abu Ziyad that al-ayhaqan is a modification of al-nahq, an inversion of it, is an error,

لأن سيبويه قد حكى الأيهقان في الأمثلة الصحيحة الوضعية التي لم يعن بها غيرها،

Because Sibawayh has narrated al-ayhaqan in the correct, established examples that are not meant otherwise,

فقال: ويكون على فيعلان في الاسم والصفة نحو الأيهقان والصيمران والزيبدان والهيردان،

He said: and it can be of the pattern fiy'alān in noun and adjective, like al-ayhaqan, al-ṣaymarān, al-zaybidān, and al-hayrdān,

وإنما حملناه على فيعلان دون أفعلان، وإن كانت الهمزة تقع أولا زائدة، لكثرة فيعلان كالخيزران والحيسمان وقلة أفعلان.

And we have classified it under fiy'alān rather than af'alān, even though the hamza can be an addition at the beginning, due to the abundance of 'fiy'alān' like al-khayzurān and al-ḥaysamān, and the scarcity of 'af'alān'.