صيف

Root entry · 27 derived lemmas

The root صيف (ṣayf) primarily denotes the summer season. It extends to concepts associated with summer, such as summer rain, summer vegetation, and activities undertaken during summer. It also encompasses related ideas like heat, abundance, and even specific types of military expeditions or provisions.

Derived headwords

الصَّيْفnoun

1.
Summerboth
The well-known season of the year, following spring and preceding autumn.
2.
Summer rainclassical
Rain that falls during the summer season.
3.
Summer vegetationclassical
Plants that grow during the summer.
4.
Summer provisionsclassical
Provisions or supplies gathered for the summer.
5.
Summer expeditionclassical
A military campaign launched during the summer.

من الأزمنة معروف — One of the known seasons

مطر صائف — Summer rain

النبات الذي يجيء فيه — The vegetation that comes in it

الميرة الثانية — The second provision

الغزوة في الصيف — The raid in summer

صَائِفadjective

1.
Summeryboth
Relating to or characteristic of summer; hot.
2.
Abundant in woolclassical
Describing a sheep that has abundant wool.
3.
Dwelling in summerclassical
One who resides in a place during the summer.

يوم صائف أي حار — A hot day, meaning hot

قال الجوهري: الصيف المطر الذي يجيء في الصيف، قال ابن بري: صوابه الصيف، بتشديد الياء. وصفنا أي أصابنا مطر الصيف، وهو فعلنا على ما لم يسم فاعله مثل خرفنا وربعنا. وفي حديث عبادة: أنه صلى في جبة صيفة أي كثيرة الصوف. يقال: صاف الكبش يصوف صوفا، فهو صائف وصيف إذا كثر صوفه، وبناء اللفظة صيوفة فقلبت ياء وأدغمت. — And it is said: a ram يصوف (yṣūf) wool, so it is صائف (ṣāʾif) and صيف (ṣayf) if its wool is abundant, and the structure of the word is صيوفة (ṣuyūfah) so the ya' was inverted and assimilated.

فهم صائفون — So they are summering

صَافَverb

1.
To spend the summerboth
To reside or stay in a place during the summer season.
2.
To deviateclassical
To turn aside or swerve from a course or target.
3.
To have abundant woolclassical
Said of a sheep that grows much wool.

وصافوا بمكان كذا: أقاموا فيه صيفهم — And they stayed in such a place: they spent their summer there

صاف فلان ببلاد كذا يصيف إذا أقام به في الصيف — So-and-so stayed in such-and-such land, he spends the summer if he stays there in the summer

صاف الفحل عن طروقته: عدل عن ضرابها — The stallion deviated from its mare: it turned aside from covering her

تَصَيَّفَverb

1.
To spend the summerboth
To pass the summer season in a particular place or manner.

فتصيفا ماء بدحل ساكنا — So they spent the summer at a still water in a cave

تصيف نعمان واصيفت وصاف بالمكان أي أقام به الصيف — Nu'man spent the summer, and was spent the summer, and stayed in the place, meaning he spent the summer there

أَصَافَverb

1.
To enter summerboth
To begin the summer season.
2.
To have offspring late in lifeclassical
To have children when one is old.
3.
To have offspring in summerclassical
Said of a female animal that gives birth in the summer.

أصاف القوم: دخلوا في الصيف — The people entered summer: they entered the summer season

وأصاف الرجل، فهو مصيف: ولد له في الكبر، وولده أيضا صيفي وصيفيون — And the man had offspring late in life, and he is مصيف (muṣīf): he had children in old age, and his children are also صيفي (ṣayfī) and صيفيون (ṣayfiyyūn)

أصافت الناقة، وهي مصيف ومصياف: نتجت في الصيف وولدها صيفي — The she-camel gave birth in summer, and she is مصيف (muṣīf) and مصياف (miṣyāf): she gave birth in the summer and her offspring is صيفي (ṣayfī)

مُصِيفnoun

1.
Summer resortboth
A place where one spends the summer.
2.
One who has offspring late in lifeclassical
A man who has children when he is old.
3.
A place affected by summerclassical
Land that has been reached or affected by the summer season.
4.
Crooked placeclassical
A crooked or winding path, especially for water.

والموضع مصيف ومصطاف — And the place is a summer resort and a place to spend the summer

والمصيف: اسم الزمان؛ قال سيبويه: أجري مجرى المكان وعامله مصايفة وصيافا. — And al-maṣīf: the name of the time; Sibawayh said: it is treated like a place and its agent is muṣāyafah and ṣiyāf.

المصيف المعوج من مجاري الماء — The crooked place of water channels

صَيْفِيّadjective

1.
Summer (adj.)both
Pertaining to or occurring in the summer.
2.
Offspring born in summerclassical
Said of an animal or person born during the summer.
3.
Offspring born late in lifeclassical
Said of children born to parents when they are old.

والكلأ الذي ينبت في الصيف صيفي — And the herbage that grows in the summer is صيفي (ṣayfī)

وأصافت الناقة، وهي مصيف ومصياف: نتجت في الصيف وولدها صيفي — The she-camel gave birth in summer, and she is مصيف (muṣīf) and مصياف (miṣyāf): she gave birth in the summer and her offspring is صيفي (ṣayfī)

إن بني صبية صيفيون — Indeed, the sons of Ṣabiyah are صيفيون (ṣayfiyyūn)

صُيُوفnoun

1.
Summersboth
Plural of الصيف (summer).

وجمعه أصياف وصيوف — And its plural is aṣyāf and ṣuyūf

أَصْيَافnoun

1.
Summersboth
Plural of الصيف (summer).

وجمعه أصياف وصيوف — And its plural is aṣyāf and ṣuyūf

صَائِفَةnoun

1.
Summer rainclassical
Rain that falls during the summer.
2.
Summer expeditionclassical
A military raid or campaign conducted in the summer.
3.
Summer provisionsclassical
Provisions or supplies gathered for the summer.

والصيف المطر الذي يجيء في الصيف — And the summer is the rain that comes in the summer

والصائفة: الغزوة في الصيف — And the ṣāʾifah: the raid in the summer

والميرة قبل الصيف، وهي الميرة الثانية، وذلك لأن أول المير الربعية ثم الصيفية ثم الدفئية. — And the provisions before summer, and it is the second provision, and that is because the first provisions are the spring ones, then the summer ones, then the winter ones.

صِيفَةnoun

1.
Summer rainclassical
A single instance of summer rain.
2.
Abundant woolclassical
Said of a garment made of abundant wool.

يعني به مطر الصيف، الواحد صيفة — Meaning summer rain, the singular is ṣīfah

أنه صلى في جبة صيفة أي كثيرة الصوف — That he prayed in a jubbah that was ṣīfah, meaning of abundant wool

صَافَverb

1.
To deviateclassical
To turn aside or swerve from a course or target.

صاف عنه — He deviated from it

مُصَايَفَةnoun

1.
Summer employmentclassical
Hiring someone for work during the summer.

استأجرته مصايفة ومرابعة ومشاتاة ومخارفة من الصيف والربيع والشتاء والخريف مثل المشاهرة والمياومة والمعاومة. — I hired him for summer work, spring work, winter work, and autumn work, like monthly, daily, and yearly hiring.

صِيَافnoun

1.
Summer employmentclassical
Hiring someone for work during the summer.

وعامله مصايفة وصيافا. — And its agent is muṣāyafah and ṣiyāf.

صَيْفِيَّةnoun

1.
Summer provisionsclassical
Provisions or supplies gathered for the summer.

صَيُوفَةnoun

1.
Abundance of woolclassical
The state of having abundant wool.

وبناء اللفظة صيوفة فقلبت ياء وأدغمت. — And the structure of the word is ṣuyūfah so the ya' was inverted and assimilated.

صَوَّفَverb

1.
To have abundant woolclassical
Said of a sheep that grows much wool.

صاف الكبش يصوف صوفا — The ram produced wool

مُصْطَافnoun

1.
Summer resortboth
A place where one spends the summer.

والموضع مصيف ومصطاف — And the place is a summer resort and a place to spend the summer

صَيْفِيُّونnoun

1.
Those born late in lifeclassical
Children born to parents when they are old.

إن بني صبية صيفيون — Indeed, the sons of Ṣabiyah are ṣayfiyyūn

إِصَافَةnoun

1.
Late birthclassical
The act of having children late in life.

أصاف الرجل يصيف إصافة إذا لم يولد له حتى يسن ويكبر — The man had offspring late in life, he spends the summer, meaning he had offspring late if he did not have children until he grew old and aged.

صَافَةnoun

1.
Female owlclassical
The female of the owl.

والصيف: الأنثى من البوم؛ عن كراع. — And al-ṣayf: the female of the owl; according to Kra'ah.

صَائِفَةnoun

1.
Summerclassical
The season of summer.

يعني به مطر الصيف، الواحد صيفة — Meaning summer rain, the singular is ṣīfah

صَافٍadjective

1.
Deviatingclassical
Turning aside or swerving.

فمصيف أو صاف غير بعيد — So deviating or turning aside not far

مُصِيفًاadjective

1.
Crookedclassical
Bent or twisted; not straight.

تنصب ألهابا مصيفا كرابها — They are set up as crooked paths for their water channels

صَيْفُnoun

1.
Summerclassical
The season of summer.

قال الجوهري: الصيف واحد فصول السنة وهو بعد الربيع الأول وقبل القيظ. — Al-Jawhari said: Summer is one of the seasons of the year, and it is after the first spring and before the peak of summer.

صَافَverb

1.
To turn asideclassical
To deviate from a course or intention.

فتكلم أبو بكر فصاف عنه — So Abu Bakr spoke, and he turned aside from it

أَصَافَهُverb

1.
To turn awayclassical
To cause someone or something to turn away or be averted.

ويقال: أصافه الله عني أي نحاه، وأصاف الله عني شر فلان أي صرفه وعدل به. — And it is said: Allah averted him from me, meaning He moved him away, and Allah averted the evil of so-and-so from me, meaning He turned it aside and diverted it.

Parallel reading

الصيف: من الأزمنة معروف، وجمعه أصياف وصيوف.

Summer: one of the known seasons, and its plural is aṣyāf and ṣuyūf.

ويوم صائف أي حار، وليلة صائفة.

And a ṣāʾif day means hot, and a ṣāʾifah night.

والصيف المطر الذي يجيء في الصيف والنبات الذي يجيء فيه.

And the summer is the rain that comes in the summer and the vegetation that comes in it.

وفي حديث عبادة: أنه صلى في جبة صيفة أي كثيرة الصوف.

And in the hadith of 'Ubādah: that he prayed in a jubbah that was ṣīfah, meaning of abundant wool.

وصيفني هذا الشيء أي كفاني لصيفتي؛ ومنه قول الراجز: من يك ذا بت فهذا بتي ... مقيظ مصيف مشتي وصيفت.

And this thing sufficed me for my ṣayfah; and from it is the saying of the rajaz: Whoever has a night's stay, then this is my night's stay... a place for summering, a place for wintering, and I have summered.

وصيفت الأرض، فهي مصيفة ومصيوفة: أصابها الصيف، وصيفنا كذلك؛

And the land was summered, so it is muṣayyafah and muṣayyūfah: the summer reached it, and we were summered likewise;

يعني به مطر الصيف، الواحد صيفة؛

Meaning summer rain, the singular is ṣīfah;

وتصيف: من الصيف كما يقال تشتى من الشتاء.

And taṣayyuf: from summer, just as it is said taštā from winter.

وأصاف القوم: دخلوا في الصيف، وصافوا بمكان كذا: أقاموا فيه صيفهم،

And the people entered summer: they entered the summer season, and they stayed in such a place: they spent their summer there,

فتصيفا ماء بدحل ساكنا، ... يستن فوق سراته العلجوم

So they spent the summer at a still water in a cave, ... drinking from the top of the massive rocks.

تصيفت نعمان واصيفت وصاف بالمكان أي أقام به الصيف، واصطاف مثله؛

Nu'man spent the summer, and was spent the summer, and stayed in the place, meaning he spent the summer there, and he also spent the summer there;

وصيفنا وربعنا، كان في الأصل صيفنا، فاستثقلت الضمة مع الياء فحذفت وكسرت الصاد لتدل عليها.

And we were summered and we were springed, it was originally ṣayfanā, so the dammah became heavy with the ya' so it was deleted and the ṣād was kasarah to indicate it.

والصائفة: أوان الصيف.

And the ṣāʾifah: the time of summer.

والصائفة: الغزوة في الصيف.

And the ṣāʾifah: the raid in the summer.

والصائفة والصيفية: الميرة قبل الصيف، وهي الميرة الثانية، وذلك لأن أول المير الربعية ثم الصيفية ثم الدفئية.

And the ṣāʾifah and the ṣayfiyyah: the provisions before summer, and it is the second provision, and that is because the first provisions are the spring ones, then the summer ones, then the winter ones.

يقال: صيف صائف، وهو توكيد له كما يقال ليل لائل وهمج هامج.

It is said: ṣayf ṣāʾif, which is an emphasis for it, just as it is said layl lāʾil and hamaj hāmij.

وأصافت الناقة، وهي مصيف ومصياف: نتجت في الصيف وولدها صيفي.

And the she-camel gave birth in summer, and she is muṣīf and miṣyāf: she gave birth in the summer and her offspring is ṣayfī.

وأصاف الرجل، فهو مصيف: ولد له في الكبر، وولده أيضا صيفي وصيفيون، وشيء صيفي؛

And the man had offspring late in life, and he is muṣīf: he had children in old age, and his children are also ṣayfī and ṣayfiyyūn, and a ṣayfī thing;

إن بني صبية صيفيون، ... أفلح من كان له ربعيون

Indeed, the sons of Ṣabiyah are ṣayfiyyūn, ... successful is he who has rabi'iyyūn.

وأصاف: ترك النساء شابا ثم تزوج كبيرا.

And aṣāfa: he left women when young then married when old.

والكلأ الذي ينبت في الصيف صيفي، وكذلك المطر الذي يقع في الربيع ربيع الكلإ صيف وصيفي.

And the herbage that grows in the summer is ṣayfī, and likewise the rain that falls in the spring is rabi' al-kilāʾ, ṣayf, and ṣayfī.

وسميت غزوة الروم الصائفة لأن سنتهم أن يغزوا صيفا، ويقفل عنهم قبل الشتاء لمكان البرد والثلج.

And the raid of the Romans was called al-ṣāʾifah because their custom is to raid in the summer, and they return before winter due to the cold and snow.

استأجرته مصايفة ومرابعة ومشاتاة ومخارفة من الصيف والربيع والشتاء والخريف مثل المشاهرة والمياومة والمعاومة.

I hired him for summer work, spring work, winter work, and autumn work, like monthly, daily, and yearly hiring.

تمام الربيع الصيف، وأصله في المطر، فالربيع أوله والصيف الذي بعده، فيقول: الحاجة بكمالها كما أن الربيع لا يكون تمامه إلا بالصيف.

The completion of spring is summer, and its origin is in rain, so spring is its beginning and summer is what follows it, so it says: the need is in its entirety, just as spring is not complete except with summer.

الصيف ضيعت اللبن إذا فرط في أمره في وقته، معناه طلبت الشيء في غير وقته، وذلك أن الألبان تكثر في الصيف فيضرب مثلا لترك الشيء وهو ممكن وطلبه وهو متعذر، قال ذلك ابن الأنباري وأول من قاله عمرو بن عمرو بن عدس لدختنوس بنت لقيط، وكانت تحته ففركته وكان موسرا.

Summer, you lost the milk, if one is negligent in his affair at its time, meaning he sought something at the wrong time, and that is because milk is abundant in the summer, so it is given as an example for leaving something when it is possible and seeking it when it is impossible. Ibn al-Anbārī said this, and the first to say it was 'Amr ibn 'Amr ibn 'Adas to Dukhtanūs bint Laqīṭ, who was married to him and he divorced her and he was wealthy.

وصاف عنه صيفا ومصيفا وصيفوفة: عدل.

And he deviated from it ṣayfā, and maṣīfā, and ṣayfūfah: he deviated.

وصاف السهم عن الهدف يصيف صيفا وصيفوفة: كذلك عدل بمعنى ضاف، والذي جاء في الحديث ضاف، بالضاد؛

And the arrow deviated from the target, it deviates ṣayfā and ṣayfūfah: it also deviated, meaning it swerved, and what came in the hadith is ḍāfa, with ḍād;

تنصب ألهابا مصيفا كرابها

They are set up as crooked paths for their water channels

المصيف المعوج من مجاري الماء، وأصله من صاف أي عدل كالمضيق من ضاق.

The crooked place of water channels, and its origin is from ṣāfa, meaning it deviated, like al-maḍīq from ḍāqa.

وفي حديث أنس أن النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، شاور أبا بكر، رضي الله عنه، يوم بدر في الأسرى فتكلم أبو بكر فصاف عنه ؛

And in the hadith of Anas that the Prophet, peace be upon him, consulted Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, on the day of Badr regarding the captives, and Abu Bakr spoke, and he deviated from him;

ويقال: أصافه الله عني أي نحاه، وأصاف الله عني شر فلان أي صرفه وعدل به.

And it is said: Allah averted him from me, meaning He moved him away, and Allah averted the evil of so-and-so from me, meaning He turned it aside and diverted it.

والصيف: الأنثى من البوم؛ عن كراع.

And al-ṣayf: the female of the owl; according to Kra'ah.

ففدفد عبود فخبراء صائف، ... فذو الحفر أقوى منهم ففدافده

So the desert of 'Abūd, then the plains of Ṣāʾif, ... then Dhū al-Ḥufar is stronger than them and their plains.