شفع

Root entry · 20 derived lemmas

The root شفع (shafaʿa) primarily relates to the concept of pairing, doubling, or making something even, contrasting with oddness (وتر - watar). It extends to the idea of intercession, support, and augmentation, as well as specific legal and religious contexts.

Derived headwords

الشَّفْعnoun

1.
even numberboth
The opposite of odd; a pair or an even number.
2.
augmentationclassical
Something added to make a pair or to increase something.
3.
intercessionclassical
The act of supporting or advocating for someone.
4.
Duha prayerclassical
The two Rak'ahs of the Duha prayer.

الشَّفْعُ خِلَافُ الوَتَرِ — Evenness is the opposite of oddness.

شَفَعَverb

1.
to make evenclassical
To make something even or double; to pair something.
2.
to intercedeboth
To support or advocate for someone.
3.
to augmentclassical
To add to something, to increase it.

شَفَعَ الوَتَرَ مِنْ العَدَدِ شَفْعًا — He made the odd number even.

شَفْعًاnoun

1.
making evenclassical
The act of making something even or double.

كَانَ وَتَرًا فَشَفَعْتُهُ شَفْعًا — It was odd, so I made it even.

شَافِعadjective

1.
intercessorboth
One who intercedes or supports.
2.
paired (animal)classical
An animal that has a fetus in its womb or a young following it.
3.
seeing doubleclassical
An eye that sees double.

عَيْنٌ شَافِعَةٌ — An eye that sees double.

شُفْعَةnoun

1.
preemption rightmodern
The right to claim a property that has been sold, especially in co-owned property.
2.
augmentationclassical
An addition or increase.
3.
madnessclassical
Insanity or madness.

الشُّفْعَةُ فِي كُلِّ مَا يُقْسَمُ — The preemption right applies to everything that is divided.

شُفْعَةnoun

1.
madnessclassical
Insanity or madness.

فِي وَجْهِهِ شُفْعَةٌ — There is madness in his face.

شُفْعَةnoun

1.
evil eyeclassical
Affliction caused by the evil eye.

امْرَأَةٌ مَشْفُوعَةٌ — A woman afflicted by the evil eye.

شَفِيعnoun

1.
intercessorboth
One who intercedes or pleads for another.
2.
preemptorclassical
One who exercises the right of preemption.

الشَّفِيعُ: الشَّافِعُ — The intercessor: the one who intercedes.

شُفَعَاءnoun

1.
intercessorsboth
Plural of شَفِيع (shafīʿ), those who intercede.

مَنْ يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً حَسَنَةً يَكُنْ لَهُ نَصِيبٌ مِنْهَا — Whoever makes a good intercession will have a share in it.

شَفَاعَةnoun

1.
intercessionboth
The act of pleading for another person, especially to a ruler or authority.
2.
supportclassical
The act of supporting or helping someone.

الشَّفَاعَةُ: كَلَامُ الشَّفِيعِ لِلْمَلِكِ فِي حَاجَةٍ يَسْأَلُهَا لِغَيْرِهِ — Intercession: the speech of the intercessor to the king for a need he asks for another.

تَشَفَّعَverb

1.
to seek intercessionboth
To ask someone to intercede on one's behalf.
2.
to intercedeboth
To act as an intercessor.

تَشَفَّعْتُ بِفُلَانٍ إِلَى فُلَانٍ فَشَفَعَنِي فِيهِ — I sought intercession through so-and-so to so-and-so, and he interceded for me with him.

اسْتَشْفَعَverb

1.
to ask for intercessionboth
To request someone to be an intercessor.

اسْتَشْفَعْتُهُ إِلَى فُلَانٍ أَيْ سَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يَشْفَعَ لِي إِلَيْهِ — I asked him to intercede with so-and-so, meaning I asked him to be an intercessor for me to him.

مُشَفِّعadjective

1.
one who accepts intercessionclassical
One who receives or accepts intercession.
2.
one who is interceded forclassical
One for whom intercession is made.

المُشَفِّعُ: الَّذِي تُقْبَلُ شَفَاعَتُهُ — The one who accepts intercession: he whose intercession is accepted.

مَشْفُوعadjective

1.
afflicted by evil eyeclassical
One who is afflicted by the evil eye.
2.
madclassical
Insane or mad.

وَيُقَالُ لِلْمَجْنُونِ مَشْفُوعٌ — And the insane person is called mashfūʿ.

الأَشْفَعadjective

1.
tallclassical
Tall or long.

الأَشْفَعُ: الطَّوِيلُ — Al-Ashfaʿ: the tall one.

شَافِعname

1.
Shafi'iboth
A proper name, notably of the Imam Al-Shafi'i, the founder of one of the major Sunni schools of jurisprudence.

بَنُو شَافِعٍ: مِنْ بَنِي المُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، مِنْهُمُ الشَّافِعِيُّ الفَقِيهُ الإِمَامُ المُجْتَهِدُ — Banu Shafi': from the Banu al-Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf, among them is Al-Shafi'i, the jurist, the imam, the mujtahid.

شَفِيعname

1.
Shafi'both
A proper name.

شُفُوعnoun

1.
camel with two uddersclassical
A she-camel that has two teats functioning simultaneously for milking.

الشُّفُوعُ مِنَ الإِبِلِ: الَّتِي تَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ مَحْلَبَيْنِ فِي حَلْبَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ — Al-shufūʿ from camels: she that combines two milking points in one milking session.

شَفُوعadjective

1.
having young (animal)classical
A sheep or goat whose young are with it.

شَاةٌ شَفُوعٌ وَشَافِعٌ: شَفَعَهَا وَلَدُهَا — A sheep or goat shafūʿ and shāfiʿ: its young are with it.

شَافِعَةnoun

1.
evil eyeclassical
The evil eye.

الشَّافِعَةُ: العَيْنُ — Al-shāfiʿah: the eye (meaning the evil eye).

Parallel reading

الشَّفْعُ: خِلَافُ الوَتَرِ، وَهُوَ الزَّوْجُ.

Al-shafʿ: the opposite of al-watr, and it is the pair.

تَقُولُ: كَانَ وَتَرًا فَشَفَعْتُهُ شَفْعًا.

You say: It was odd, so I made it even.

وَشَفَعَ الوَتَرَ مِنَ العَدَدِ شَفْعًا: صَيَّرَهُ زَوْجًا.

And he made the odd number even by a pairing: he made it a pair.

أَيْ لَمْ نَكْ نُطَالِبُ بِدَمِ قَتِيلٍ مِنَّا قَوْمًا فَنَشْتَفِي إِلَّا بِقَتْلِ جَمَاعَةٍ، وَذَلِكَ لِعِزَّتِنَا وَقُوَّتِنَا عَلَى إِدْرَاكِ الثَّأْرِ.

Meaning, we did not demand blood for one of our slain from a people, and find satisfaction, except by killing a group, and that was due to our honor and our strength in exacting revenge.

وَالشَّفِيعُ مِنَ الأَعْدَادِ: مَا كَانَ زَوْجًا، تَقُولُ: كَانَ وَتَرًا فَشَفَعْتُهُ بِآخَرَ.

And al-shafīʿ from numbers: what is even; you say: it was odd, so I paired it with another.

مَعْنَاهُ أَنَّهُ يَحْسِبُ الشَّخْصَ اثْنَيْنِ لِضَعْفِ بَصَرِهِ.

Its meaning is that he perceives the person as two due to his weak eyesight.

وَعَيْنٌ شَافِعَةٌ: تَنْظُرُ نَظَرَيْنِ.

And a shāfiʿah eye: it sees two sights.

وَالشَّفْعُ: مَا شُفِعَ بِهِ، سُمِّيَ بِالمَصْدَرِ، والجَمْعُ شَفَاعٌ.

And al-shafʿ: what is used for pairing; it is named after the masdar, and the plural is shifāʿ.

وَفِي التَّنْزِيلِ: {وَالشَّفْعِ وَالوَتَرِ}.

And in the Revelation: {And by the even and the odd}.

الشَّفْعُ يَوْمُ الأَضْحَى، والوَتَرُ يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ.

Al-shafʿ is the Day of Sacrifice (Eid al-Adha), and al-watr is the Day of Arafah.

الشَّفْعَةُ: رَكْعَتَا الضُّحَى.

Al-shufʿah: the two Rak'ahs of Duha.

إِنَّمَا سَمَّاهَا شِفْعَةً لِأَنَّهَا أَكْثَرُ مِنْ وَاحِدَةٍ.

It is only called shufʿah because it is more than one.

وَنَاقَةٌ شَافِعٌ: فِي بَطْنِهَا وَلَدٌ أَوْ يَتْبَعُهَا وَلَدٌ يَشْفَعُهَا.

And a shāfiʿ camel: it has a fetus in its womb or a young following it that pairs with it.

وَشَاةٌ شَفُوعٌ وَشَافِعٌ: شَفَعَهَا وَلَدُهَا.

And a shafūʿ and shāfiʿ sheep: its young are with it.

فَالشَّافِعُ: الَّتِي مَعَهَا وَلَدُهَا، سُمِّيَتْ شَافِعًا لِأَنَّ وَلَدَهَا شَفَعَهَا وَشَفَعَتْهُ هِيَ فَصَارَا شِفْعًا.

So, al-shāfiʿ is: the one that has its young with it, it is named shāfiʿ because its young paired with it and it paired with its young, so they became a pair.

وَالشُّفْعَةُ فِي الدَّارِ وَالأَرْضِ: القَضَاءُ بِهَا لِصَاحِبِهَا.

And al-shufʿah in a house and land: the ruling that it belongs to its owner.

الشُّفْعَةُ الزِّيَادَةُ وَهُوَ أَنْ يُشَفِّعَكَ فِيمَا تَطْلُبُ حَتَّى تَضُمَّهُ إِلَى مَا عِنْدَكَ فَتَزِيدَهُ وَتَشْفَعَهُ بِهَا.

Al-shufʿah is the augmentation, which is that it makes you a partner in what you seek, until you add it to what you have, thus increasing it and making it a pair with it.

فَسُمِّيَتْ شُفْعَةً وَسُمِّيَ طَالِبُهَا شَفِيعًا.

So it was named shufʿah, and its claimant was named shafīʿ.

الشُّفْعَةُ فِي كُلِّ مَا يُقْسَمُ.

The preemption right is in everything that is divided.

وَهُوَ أَنْ تَكُونَ الدَّارُ بَيْنَ جَمَاعَةٍ مُخْتَلِفِي السِّهَامِ فَيَبِيعُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ نَصِيبَهُ فَيَكُونُ مَا بَاعَ لِشُرَكَائِهِ بَيْنَهُمْ عَلَى رُؤُوسِهِمْ لَا عَلَى سِهَامِهِمْ.

And it is when the house is between a group with different shares, and one of them sells his share, then what he sold goes to his partners among them based on their heads, not their shares.

وَالشُّفْعَةُ: الجُنُونُ، وجَمْعُهَا شُفْعٌ.

And al-shufʿah: madness, and its plural is shufʿ.

فِي وَجْهِهِ شُفْعَةٌ وَسَفْعَةٌ وَشَنْعَةٌ وَرِدَّةٌ وَنَظْرَةٌ بِمَعْنًى وَاحِدٍ.

In his face is shufʿah, safʿah, shanʿah, raddah, and naẓrah, all meaning one thing.

وَالشُّفْعَةُ: العَيْنُ.

And al-shufʿah: the eye (meaning the evil eye).

وَامْرَأَةٌ مَشْفُوعَةٌ: مُصَابَةٌ مِنَ العَيْنِ، وَلَا يُوصَفُ بِهِ المُذَكَّرُ.

And a mashfūʿah woman: afflicted by the evil eye, and the masculine is not described with it.

وَالأَشْفَعُ: الطَّوِيلُ.

And al-ashfaʿ: the tall one.

وَبَنُو شَافِعٍ: مِنْ بَنِي المُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، مِنْهُمُ الشَّافِعِيُّ الفَقِيهُ الإِمَامُ المُجْتَهِدُ، رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَنَفَعَنَا بِهِ.

And Banu Shafi': from the Banu al-Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf, among them is Al-Shafi'i, the jurist, the imam, the mujtahid, may Allah have mercy on him and benefit us through him.

مَنْ يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً حَسَنَةً يَكُنْ لَهُ نَصِيبٌ مِنْهَا وَمَنْ يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً سَيِّئَةً يَكُنْ لَهُ كِفْلٌ مِنْهَا.

Whoever makes an intercession for a good cause will have a share in it, and whoever makes an intercession for an evil cause will have a burden from it.

الشَّفَاعَةُ: الدُّعَاءُ هَاهُنَا.

Al-shafāʿah: supplication here.

الشَّفَاعَةُ: كَلَامُ الشَّفِيعِ لِلْمَلِكِ فِي حَاجَةٍ يَسْأَلُهَا لِغَيْرِهِ.

Al-shafāʿah: the speech of the intercessor to the king for a need he asks for another.

وَشَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ: فِي مَعْنَى طَلَبَ إِلَيْهِ.

And he asked him: in the sense of requesting from him.

وَالشَّافِعُ: الطَّالِبُ لِغَيْرِهِ يَتَشَفَّعُ بِهِ إِلَى المَطْلُوبِ.

And al-shāfiʿ: the one who seeks for another, using him to intercede with the one being sought.

تَشَفَّعْتُ بِفُلَانٍ إِلَى فُلَانٍ فَشَفَعَنِي فِيهِ.

I sought intercession through so-and-so to so-and-so, and he interceded for me with him.

فَكَكْتُ عَدِيًّا كُلَّهَا مِنْ إِسَارِهَا، فَأَفْضَلَ وَشَفَعَنِي بِقَيْسِ بْنِ جَحْدَرٍ.

I freed all of Adi from their captivity, so he was generous and interceded for me with Qays ibn Jahdar.

وَإِذَا بَلَغَ الحَدُّ السُّلْطَانَ فَلَعَنَ اللهُ الشَّافِعَ وَالمُشَفَّعَ.

And when the prescribed punishment reaches the ruler, then may Allah curse the interceder and the one for whom intercession is made.

وَهِيَ السُّؤَالُ فِي التَّجَاوُزِ عَنِ الذُّنُوبِ وَالجَرَائِمِ.

And it is the asking for forgiveness of sins and crimes.