شبع

Root entry · 18 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of being full, satisfied, or satiated, particularly with food. It extends to meanings of abundance, sufficiency, and even excess, sometimes metaphorically applied to physical attributes, land, or abstract concepts like intellect and speech.

Derived headwords

شَبِعَverb

1.
to be fullboth
To be satisfied with food or drink, to no longer be hungry or thirsty.
2.
to be abundantclassical
Used to describe land with abundant vegetation or flocks with many animals.

شِبَعٌnoun

1.
satietyboth
The state of being full or satisfied, especially after eating; the opposite of hunger.
2.
sufficiencyboth
Enough of something, particularly food, that satisfies one's needs.
3.
thicknessclassical
A thickness or coarseness in the legs.

قدم إلي شبعي — Bring me my fill.

وكلهم قد نال شبعا لبطنه — And all of them have attained fullness for their bellies.

شَبِعَانٌadjective

1.
fullboth
Being satisfied with food or drink; not hungry.

شَبْعَىadjective

1.
fullboth
A feminine form indicating fullness or satiety.
2.
plumpclassical
Describing a woman who is full-figured, especially with a large belly or thick legs.

شُبَّاعٌnoun

1.
fullnessclassical
A plural form referring to satiety or fullness.

شُبَّاعَىnoun

1.
fullnessclassical
A plural form referring to satiety or fullness.

شَابِعٌadjective

1.
fullboth
Satisfied with food or drink.
2.
full-grownclassical
Describing an animal that has reached its full capacity for eating.

وجاء في الشعر شابع على الفعل — And in poetry, 'shābiʿ' came as a verb.

وبهمة شابع إذا بلغت الأكل — And a vigorous animal when it has reached its capacity for eating.

أَشْبَعَverb

1.
to satisfyboth
To make someone full or satiated, especially with food.
2.
to saturateboth
To imbue or soak thoroughly, often used metaphorically for dyeing fabric or filling something completely.
3.
to provide abundantlyboth
To give or offer something in great quantity or to excess.

وأشبعه الطعام والرعي — And food and grazing satisfied him.

وأشبعت فلانا من الجوع — And I satisfied so-and-so from hunger.

أشبع الثوب وغيره: رواه صبغا — To saturate a garment and other things: to imbue it thoroughly with dye.

شُبْعَةٌnoun

1.
a meal's worthboth
An amount of food sufficient to satisfy one's hunger once.

وعنده شبعة من طعام — And he has enough food for one meal.

شَبَّاعَةٌnoun

1.
name of Zamzam wellclassical
An ancient name for the Zamzam well, implying it quenches thirst and satisfies hunger.

أن زمزم كان يقال لها في الجاهلية شباعة — That Zamzam was called 'Shubba'ah' in the Jahiliyyah.

شَبِيعٌadjective

1.
fullboth
Satisfied with food or drink.
2.
strongclassical
Describing someone with a strong or firm heart or intellect.

ورجل مشبع القلب وشبيع العقل ومشبعه: متينه — And a man with a full heart, a strong intellect, and one who is made full: firm.

شَبِيعُ الثُّلَّةِadjective phrase

1.
strong ropeclassical
A strong rope, referring to its thickness and sturdiness.

وحبل شبيع الثلة: متينها — And a rope 'shabīʿ al-thullat': its strong one.

شَبِيعُ الغَزْلِadjective phrase

1.
thickly spunclassical
Describing fabric that is made from abundant or thick yarn.

ثوب شبيع الغزل أي كثيره — A garment 'shabīʿ al-ghazl' meaning its abundant yarn.

تَشَبَّعَverb

1.
to pretend to be fullclassical
To act as if one has more than one possesses, to feign abundance or satisfaction.
2.
to adorn oneself falselyclassical
To decorate oneself with things one does not have, to put on a false show.

وتشبع الرجل: تزين بما ليس عنده — And the man 'tashabbaʿa': he adorned himself with what he did not have.

المتشبع بما لا يملك كلابس ثوبي زور — The one who pretends to have what he does not own is like one wearing two garments of falsehood.

مُتَشَبِّعٌadjective

1.
pretending abundanceclassical
One who falsely claims to have more than they do, or pretends to be satisfied when they are not.

إِشْبَاعٌnoun

1.
satiationboth
The act of making something full or satisfied.
2.
saturationboth
The act of thoroughly soaking or imbuing something.
3.
vowel extensionclassical
In Arabic prosody, the extension of a short vowel sound, especially in poetry, to fill a metrical requirement.

والإشباع في القوافي: حركة الدخيل — And 'al-ishbāʿ' in rhymes: the movement of the inserted vowel.

شَبِعَ عَقْلُهُverb phrase

1.
to be firm of mindclassical
To have a strong, steady, or mature intellect.

وشبع عقله، فهو شبيع — And his intellect became firm, so he is firm-minded.

شَبِعَ مِنَ الأَمْرِverb phrase

1.
to be fed up withclassical
To become weary or disgusted with a matter, used metaphorically.

شبعت من هذا الأمر ورويت إذا كرهته — I became fed up with this matter and weary of it if I disliked it.

Parallel reading

الشبع: ضد الجوع

Satiety: the opposite of hunger.

شبع شبعا وهو شبعان

He became full, a fullness, and he is full.

والأنثى شبعى وشبعانة

And the female is shabʿā and shabʿānah.

وقد جمعتهما شباع وشباعى

And their plural is shibāʿ and shibāʿā.

فبتنا شباعى آمنين من الردى

So we spent the night full, safe from destruction,

وبالأمن قدما تطمئن المضاجع

And with security, the resting places were reassured.

وأشبعه الطعام والرعي

And food and grazing satisfied him.

والشبع من الطعام: ما يكفيك ويشبعك من الطعام وغيره

And satiety from food: what suffices you and fills you from food and other things.

تقول: قدم إلي شبعي

You say: Bring me my fill.

وكلهم قد نال شبعا لبطنه

And all of them have attained fullness for their bellies,

وشبع الفتى لؤم، إذا جاع صاحبه

And a young man's fullness is baseness, if his companion is hungry.

شبعت خبزا ولحما ومن خبز ولحم شبعا

I was satisfied with bread and meat, and from bread and meat, I was satisfied.

وهو من مصادر الطبائع

And it is from the sources of natural dispositions.

وعنده شبعة من طعام، بالضم، أي قدر ما يشبع به مرة

And he has a shibʿah of food, with dammah, meaning enough to satisfy him once.

أن زمزم كان يقال لها في الجاهلية شباعة

That Zamzam was called Shubba'ah in the Jahiliyyah.

لأن ماءها يروي العطشان ويشبع الغرثان

Because its water quenches the thirsty and satisfies the hungry.

والشبع: غلظ في الساقين

And shabaʿ: thickness in the legs.

وامرأة شبعى الخلخال: ملأى سمنا

And a woman with full anklets: full of fat.

وامرأة شبعى الوشاح إذا كانت مفاضة ضخمة البطن

And a woman with a full sash if she is large-bodied with a big belly.

وامرأة شبعى الدرع إذا كانت ضخمة الخلق

And a woman with a full tunic if she is large in build.

وبلد قد شبعت غنمه إذا وصف بكثرة النبات وتناهي الشبع

And a land whose sheep have become plentiful if described by abundant vegetation and extreme fullness.

وشبعت إذا وصفت بتوسط النبات ومقاربة الشبع

And it became plentiful if described by moderate vegetation and approaching fullness.

وقال يعقوب: شبعت غنمه إذا قاربت الشبع ولم تشبع

And Ya'qub said: Its sheep became plentiful if it approached fullness and did not become fully abundant.

وبهمة شابع إذا بلغت الأكل، لا يزال ذلك وصفا لها حتى يدنو فطامها

And a vigorous animal when it has reached its capacity for eating; this remains a description of it until its weaning approaches.

وحبل شبيع الثلة: متينها

And a rope 'shabīʿ al-thullat': its strong one.

والجمع شبع، وكذلك الثوب، يقال: ثوب شبيع الغزل أي كثيره

And the plural is shabaʿ, and likewise the garment; it is said: a garment 'shabīʿ al-ghazl' meaning its abundant yarn.

وثياب شبع

And shabaʿ garments.

ورجل مشبع القلب وشبيع العقل ومشبعه: متينه

And a man with a full heart, a strong intellect, and one who is made full: firm.

وشبع عقله، فهو شبيع

And his intellect became firm, so he is firm-minded.

وأشبع الثوب وغيره: رواه صبغا

And to saturate a garment and other things: to imbue it thoroughly with dye.

وقد يستعمل في غير الجواهر على المثل كإشباع النفخ والقراءة وسائر اللفظ

And it may be used for non-essentials by analogy, like saturating with blowing, recitation, and other speech.

وكل شيء توفره فقد أشبعته حتى الكلام يشبع فتوفر حروفه

And everything you provide abundantly, you have saturated it, even speech becomes saturated and its letters are provided.

وتقول: شبعت من هذا الأمر ورويت إذا كرهته، وهما على الاستعارة

And you say: I became fed up with this matter and weary of it if you disliked it, and both are metaphorical.

وتشبع الرجل: تزين بما ليس عنده

And the man 'tashabbaʿa': he adorned himself with what he did not have.

المتَشَبِّعُ بما لا يملك كلابس ثوبي زور

The one who pretends to have what he does not own is like one wearing two garments of falsehood.

أي المتكثر بأكثر مما عنده يتجمل بذلك كالذي يري أنه شبعان وليس كذلك

Meaning, one who pretends to have more than they possess, adorning themselves with it, like one who appears full but is not.

ومن فعله فإنما يسخر من نفسه، وهو من أفعال ذوي الزور بل هو في نفسه زور وكذب

And whoever does it is mocking themselves, and it is from the actions of liars; rather, it is in itself falsehood and lies.

ومعنى ثوبي زور أن يعمد إلى الكمين فيوصل بهما كمان آخران فمن نظر إليهما ظنهما ثوبين

And the meaning of 'two garments of falsehood' is to take two sleeves and attach two other sleeves to them, so whoever looks at them thinks they are two garments.

والمتشبع: المتزين بأكثر مما عنده يتكثر بذلك ويتزين بالباطل

And 'al-mutashabbiʿ': one who adorns himself with more than he has, increasing himself with it and adorning himself with falsehood.

كالمرأة تكون للرجل ولها ضرائر فتتشبع بما تدعي من الحظوة عند زوجها بأكثر مما عنده لها تريد بذلك غيظ جارتها وإدخال الأذى عليها

Like a woman who has a husband and co-wives, so she pretends to have more favor with her husband than she actually does, intending thereby to anger her neighbor and cause her harm.

وكذلك هذا في الرجال

And likewise, this is the case with men.

والإشباع في القوافي: حركة الدخيل، وهو الحرف الذي بعد التأسيس ككسرة الصاد من قوله: كليني لهم، يا أميمة، ناصب

And 'al-ishbāʿ' in rhymes: the movement of the inserted vowel, which is the letter after the foundation, like the kasrah of the 'ṣād' in his saying: 'Kullīnī lahum, yā Umaymah, nāṣib'.

وقيل: إنما ذلك إذا كان الروي ساكنا ككسرة الجيم من قوله: كنعاج وجرة ساقهن ... إلى ظلال الصيف ناجر

And it was said: This is only when the rhyme is silent, like the kasrah of the 'jīm' in his saying: 'Like female deer and a pitcher whose legs... towards the summer shades, a hunter'.

وقيل: الإشباع اختلاف تلك الحركة إذا كان الروي مقيدا كقول الحطيئة في هذه القصيدة: الواهب المائة الصفايا، ... فوقها وبر مظاهر بفتح الهاء

And it was said: 'Al-ishbāʿ' is the variation of that vowel movement if the rhyme is restricted, like the saying of Al-Ḥuṭayʾah in this poem: 'The giver of a hundred choice ones,... above them, shaggy hair, appearing' with a fatḥah on the 'hā'.

وقال الأخفش: الإشباع حركة الحرف الذي بين التأسيس والروي المطلق نحو قوله: يزيد يغض الطرف دوني، كأنما ... زوى بين عينيه علي المحاجم

And Al-Akhfash said: 'Al-ishbāʿ' is the vowel movement of the letter between the foundation and the absolute rhyme, such as his saying: 'Yazīd casts his gaze away from me, as if... he drew between his eyes the marks of cupping'.

كسرة الجيم هي الإشباع

The kasrah of the 'jīm' is the 'ishbāʿ'.

وقد أكثر منها العرب في كثير من أشعارها

And the Arabs have used it extensively in much of their poetry.

ولا يجوز أن يجمع فتح مع كسر ولا ضم، ولا مع كسر ضم، لأن ذلك لم يقل إلا قليلا

And it is not permissible to combine fatḥah with kasrah, nor ḍammah, nor with kasrah ḍammah, because that has been said only rarely.

قال: وقد كان الخليل يجيز هذا ولا يجيز التوجيه

He said: And Al-Khalīl used to permit this and not permit 'al-tawjīh'.

والتوجيه قد جمعته العرب وأكثرت من جمعه، وهذا لم يقل إلا شاذا فهذا أحرى أن لا يجوز

And 'al-tawjīh' has been collected by the Arabs and they have used it extensively, but this has only been said exceptionally, so it is more fitting that it is not permissible.

وقال ابن جني: سمي بذلك من قبل أنه ليس قبل الروي حرف مسمى إلا ساكنا أعني التأسيس والردف

And Ibn Jinnī said: It is so named because there is no named letter before the rhyme except a silent one, meaning the foundation and the rādif.

فلما جاء الدخيل محركا مخالفا للتأسيس والردف صارت الحركة فيه كالإشباع له

So when the inserted vowel came with a movement, differing from the foundation and the rādif, the movement in it became like its saturation.

وذلك لزيادة المتحرك على الساكن لاعتماده بالحركة وتمكنه بها

And that is due to the mobile letter's addition to the silent one, relying on the vowel and being strengthened by it.