ربع

Root entry · 18 derived lemmas

The root ربع primarily relates to the season of spring, its characteristics, and associated phenomena like rain and new growth. It extends to concepts of time, place, and beginnings, as well as numerical associations with the number four.

Derived headwords

الرَّبِيعُnoun

1.
spring (season)both
The season of spring, characterized by new growth, moderate temperatures, and often rain.
2.
early rainclassical
The first rain that falls on the land, especially in autumn, which is sometimes called 'rabīʿ'.
3.
new growthboth
The green vegetation and plants that grow in spring, which animals feed on.
4.
river, streamclassical
A small river or stream, particularly one that irrigates land.
5.
heart's delightclassical
Metaphorically, something that brings joy and comfort to the heart, like spring does.

رَبَعَverb

1.
to enter springclassical
To enter or reach the season of spring.
2.
to settle in a placeclassical
To reside or stay in a place, especially during the spring season.
3.
to eat spring pastureclassical
For animals, to graze on the new growth of spring.
4.
to be rained uponclassical
For land or animals, to be affected by the spring rain.

أَرْبَعَverb

1.
to enter springclassical
To enter or reach the season of spring.
2.
to settle in the countrysideclassical
To move to the countryside or a place with abundant water and pasture.
3.
to have offspring bornclassical
For animals, to give birth to young during the spring season.

تَرَبَّعَverb

1.
to settle in a placeclassical
To reside or stay in a place, especially during the spring season.
2.
to eat spring pastureclassical
For animals, to graze on the new growth of spring.

ارْتَبَعَverb

1.
to settle in a placeclassical
To reside or stay in a place, especially during the spring season.
2.
to eat spring pastureclassical
For animals, to graze on the new growth of spring.

مُرَبَّعnoun

1.
spring dwellingclassical
A place where one resides or settles during the spring season.
2.
abundant spring rainclassical
Rain that is widespread and beneficial, causing abundant growth.

مُرْتَبَعnoun

1.
spring dwellingclassical
A place where one resides or settles during the spring season.

مُرَابَعَةnoun

1.
spring season workclassical
Engaging in work or business related to the spring season.

رِبَاعnoun

1.
young camelsclassical
Camels born in the spring, especially those born early in the birthing season.
2.
young of livestockclassical
The young of other livestock born in the spring.

رِبَاعِيّadjective

1.
born in springclassical
Describing young animals, particularly camels, born in the spring.
2.
related to springclassical
Pertaining to the spring season.

رُبْعِيّadjective

1.
born in springclassical
Describing young animals, particularly camels, born in the spring.
2.
first partclassical
The beginning or earliest part of something, like youth, glory, or combat.

رَبْعَةnoun

1.
female young camelclassical
A female young camel born in the spring.

رَبْعِيَّةnoun

1.
spring provisionsclassical
Provisions or supplies obtained or consumed during the spring season.
2.
spring raidclassical
A military raid or expedition conducted during the spring.
3.
beginning of the yearclassical
The start of the year, often associated with spring.

مُرْبَاعnoun

1.
prolific breederclassical
A female animal, especially a camel, that habitually gives birth early in the season or has young born in spring.
2.
spring pastureclassical
Land that has abundant spring growth.

رَابِعadjective

1.
fertile, abundantclassical
Describing land that is fertile and abundant with spring growth.

أَرْبِعَاءnoun

1.
spring pastureclassical
The green vegetation and pasture available in spring.
2.
river, streamclassical
A small river or stream.

رَبْعِيّadjective

1.
related to springclassical
Pertaining to spring, or born in spring.

رَبْعَةnoun

1.
gathering of livestockclassical
The gathering of livestock, especially in the spring.

Parallel reading

أن السنة أربعة أزمنة: الربيع الأول وهو عند العامة الخريف، ثم الشتاء ثم الصيف، وهو الربيع الآخر، ثم القيظ

That the year has four seasons: the first spring, which is autumn to the common people, then winter, then summer, which is the second spring, then the peak of summer heat.

وهو الربيع الآخر، ثم القيظ؛ وهذا كله قول العرب في البادية

And it is the second spring, then the peak of summer heat; and all of this is the saying of the Arabs in the desert.

وهو الذي يكون بعد الشتاء، وهو زمان الورد وهو أعدل الأزمنة

And it is that which comes after winter, and it is the time of roses, and it is the most temperate of seasons.

ولأهل اليمن فإنهم يمطرون في القيظ ويخصبون في الخريف الذي تسميه العرب الربيع الأول

As for the people of Yemen, they receive rain in the peak of summer and become fertile in autumn, which the Arabs call the first spring.

وسمعت العرب يقولون لأول مطر يقع بالأرض أيام الخريف ربيع

And I heard the Arabs say that the first rain that falls on the land during the days of autumn is called 'rabīʿ'.

ويقولون إذا وقع ربيع بالأرض: بعثنا الرواد وانتجعنا مساقط الغيث

And they say when 'rabīʿ' falls on the land: We sent scouts and sought out the places where the rain fell.

وسمعتهم يقولون للنخيل إذا خرفت وصرمت: قد تربعت النخيل

And I heard them say about date palms when they ripen and are harvested: The date palms have entered their spring season.

وإنما سمي فصل الخريف خريفا لأن الثمار تخترف فيه، وسمته العرب ربيعا لوقوع أول المطر فيه

The season of autumn is only called autumn because the fruits ripen in it, and the Arabs named it 'rabīʿ' because the first rain falls in it.

اللهم اجعل القرآن ربيع قلبي

O Allah, make the Quran the spring of my heart.

والربيع: الجدول

And 'ar-rabīʿ': the stream.

وفي حديث المزارعة: ويشترط ما سقى الربيع والأربعاء

And in the hadith about sharecropping: And it is stipulated what the stream and the spring pasture irrigate.

هذا من إضافة الموصوف إلى الصفة أي النهر الذي يسقي الزرع

This is from the attribution of the described to the descriptor, meaning the river that irrigates the crops.

فوه ربيع لكثرة شربه

His mouth is a spring because of his excessive drinking.

أنهم كانوا يكرون الأرض بما ينبت على الأربعاء

That they used to rent out the land for what grows on the spring pasture/streams.

كانت لنا عجوز تأخذ من أصول سلق كنا نغرسه على أربعائنا

We had an old woman who would take from the roots of chard that we used to plant on our spring pastures.

وربع الربيع يربع ربوعا: دخل

And 'rabaʿa' the spring, 'yarbaʿu' 'rubūʿan': it entered.

وأربع القوم: دخلوا في الربيع

And 'arbaʿa' the people: they entered into spring.

وتربع القوم الموضع وبه وارتبعوه: أقاموا فيه زمن الربيع

And the people 'tarabbaʿū' the place and 'irtabaʿūhu': they stayed in it during the spring season.

المربع والمرتبع والمتربع: الموضع الذي ينزل فيه أيام الربيع

Al-murbāʿ, al-murtabaʿ, and al-mutarabbaʿ: the place where one descends during the days of spring.

وتربعت الإبل بمكان كذا وكذا أي أقامت به

And the camels 'tarabbaʿat' in such-and-such a place, meaning they stayed there.

تربعت تحت السمي الغيم، ... في بلد عافي الرياض مبهم

I settled under the rain clouds, ... in a land with abundant, untouched meadows.

هذه مرابعنا ومصايفنا أي حيث نرتبع ونصيف

These are our spring dwellings and our summer resorts, meaning where we settle in spring and summer.

غيث مربع مرتع

Rain that causes abundant growth and is a good pasture.

اللهم اسقنا غيثا مريعا مربعا

O Allah, grant us fertile, abundant rain.

فالمريع: المخصب الناجع في المال، والمربع: العام المغني عن الارتياد والنجعة لعمومه

So, 'murīʿ' is fertile and beneficial for livestock, and 'murabbaʿ' is general and sufficient, eliminating the need for searching and migrating due to its abundance.

يد ربيع الناس فيها

A hand that brings spring to people.

وارتبع الفرس والبعير وتربع: أكل الربيع

And the horse and camel 'irtabaʿa' and 'tarabbaʿa': they ate the spring pasture.

والمرتبع من الدواب: الذي رعى الربيع فسمن ونشط

And 'al-murtabiʿ' among the animals: one that grazed on spring pasture, became fat, and energetic.

وربع القوم ربعا: أصابهم مطر الربيع

And the people 'rabaʿū' 'rabʿan': they were struck by the spring rain.

فإن معنى ربعن أمطرن من قولك ربعنا أي أصابنا مطر الربيع

For the meaning of 'rabaʿna' is 'they were rained upon', from your saying 'rabaʿnā' meaning the spring rain struck us.

وربعت الأرض، فهي مربوعة إذا أصابها مطر الربيع

And the land 'rabaʿat', so it is 'marbūʿah' if the spring rain has struck it.

ومربعة ومرباع: كثيرة الربيع

And 'murbiʿah' and 'mirbāʿ': abundant in spring growth.

أربع إبله بمكان كذا وكذا: رعاها في الربيع

'Arbaʿa' his camels in such-and-such a place: he grazed them in the spring.

أربع عند الورود في سدم، ... أنقع من غلتي وأجزئها

Graze at the watering place in the mud, ... quenching my thirst and satisfying me.

ويقال: تربعنا الحزن والصمان أي رعينا بقولها في الشتاء

And it is said: We 'tarabbaʿnā' the desert and the plains, meaning we grazed on its vegetation in winter.

عامله مرابعة ورباعا: من الربيع

He dealt with him for 'murābaʿah' and 'ribāʿan': from spring.

واستأجره مرابعة ورباعا؛ عنه أيضا، كما يقال مصايفة ومشاهرة

And he hired him for 'murābaʿah' and 'ribāʿan'; also from him, as one says 'muṣāyfah' and 'mushāharah'.

ما له هبع ولا ربع

He has neither 'habʿ' nor 'rabaʿ'.

والربع: الفصيل الذي ينتج في الربيع وهو أول النتاج

And 'ar-rabaʿ': the young camel that is born in spring, and it is the first offspring.

ورباع، بكسر الراء: جمع ربع وهو ما ولد من الإبل في الربيع

And 'ribāʿ', with a kasra on the ra: the plural of 'rabaʿ', which is what is born of camels in spring.

مري بنيك أن يحسنوا غذاء رباعهم

Instruct your children to properly feed their spring-born young.

كأنه أخفاف الرباع

As if they were the hooves of the spring-born young.

فأعطاه ربعة يتبعها ظئراها

So he gave him a female young camel followed by its wet nurses.

إن بني صبية صيفيون، ... أفلح من كان له ربعيون

The sons of the young are summer-born; ... successful is he who has spring-born ones.

الربعي: الذي ولد في الربيع على غير قياس

Ar-rubʿī: one born in spring, deviating from the norm.

ما أنت ابن أربع، فقال: عتمة ربع لا جائع ولا مرضع

Are you not the son of four? He said: The darkness of spring, neither hungry nor nursing.

تربق البهم، أو تخل الرباعا

She restrains the lambs, or loosens the spring-born young.

يعني جمع ربع أي تخل ألسنة الفصال تشقها وتجعل فيها عودا لئلا ترضع

Meaning the plural of 'rabaʿ', i.e., she inserts a stick into the mouths of the young camels so they do not nurse.

أو تحل الرباعا أي تحل الربيع معنا حيث حللنا، يعني أنها متبدية

Or 'tuḥillu ar-ribāʿā' meaning she joins the spring with us wherever we go, meaning she is a nomad.

والأنثى ربعة

And the female is 'rabaʿah'.

إنها لمرباع مسياع

She is a prolific breeder, quick to conceive.

هي من النوق التي تلد في أول النتاج

She is among the camels that give birth early in the season.

وربعية القوم: ميرتهم في أول الشتاء

And 'rubʿiyyah' of the people: their provisions in early winter.

وقيل: الربعية ميرة الربيع وهي أول المير ثم الصيفية ثم الدفئية ثم الرمضية

And it was said: 'Ar-rubʿiyyah' is the provision of spring, and it is the first provision, then the summer provision, then the winter provision, then the hot-weather provision.

والربعية: الغزوة في الربيع

And 'ar-rubʿiyyah': the raid in spring.

وكانت لهم ربعية يحذرونها، ... إذا خضخضت ماء السماء القنابل

And they had a spring raid they used to guard against, ... when the missiles stirred the rainwater.

وأربع الرجل، فهو مربع: ولد له في شبابه، على المثل بالربيع، وولده ربعيون

And the man 'arbaʿa', so he is 'murabbaʿ': offspring were born to him in his youth, analogous to spring, and his offspring are 'rubʿiyyūn'.

وفصيل ربعي: نتج في الربيع نسب على غير قياس

And a 'rubʿī' young camel: born in spring, its lineage is irregular.

وربعية النتاج والقيظ: أوله

And 'rubʿiyyah' of the birthing season and the peak heat: its beginning.

وربعي كل شيء: أوله

And 'rubʿī' of everything: its beginning.

جزعت فلم تجزع من الشيب مجزعا، ... وقد فات ربعي الشباب فودعا

You were distressed and not distressed by old age, ... and the beginning of youth has passed and bid farewell.

عليكم بربعي الطعان، فإنه ... أشق على ذي الرثية المتصعب

Adhere to the beginning of the combat, for it ... is more arduous for the one who is weary and struggling.

ربع الطعان: أوله وأحده

Rubʿī of combat: its beginning and its single instance.

وسقب ربعي وسقاب ربعية: ولدت في أول النتاج

And a 'rubʿī' young camel and 'rubʿiyyah' young camels: born at the beginning of the birthing season.

توالي ربعي السقاب أنه من الموالاة

'Tawālī rubʿī as-siqāb' means it is from the act of separation.

والينا الفصلان عن أمهاتها فتوالت أي فصلناها عنها عند تمام الحول

We separated the young camels from their mothers, so they were separated, meaning we separated them from them when the year was complete.

أخبر الأعشى أن نوى صاحبته اشتدت عليه فحن إليها حنين ربعي السقاب إذا وولي عن أمه

Al-Aʿshā informed that the longing for his female companion became intense for him, so he yearned for her like a spring-born young camel yearns when separated from its mother.

والعرب تقول: لو ذهبت تريد ولاء ضبة من تميم لتعذر عليك موالاتهم منهم لاختلاط أنسابهم

And the Arabs say: If you wanted to seek the lineage of Ḍabbah from Tamīm, it would be difficult for you to trace their lineage among them due to the intermingling of their ancestries.

وكنا خليطى في الجمال، فأصبحت ... جمالي توالى ولها من جمالك

And we were companions in beauty, and my camels became separated, and yours from your beauty.

توالى أي تميز منها

'Tawālā' means to be distinguished from them.