عكظ

Root entry · 8 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concepts of holding back, restraining, or obstructing. It extends to meanings of struggling, arguing, and boasting, particularly in the context of a historical marketplace. It also encompasses meanings related to difficulty, obstruction, and physical shortness.

Derived headwords

عَكَظَverb

1.
to hold backboth
To restrain or hold back an animal, such as a horse.
2.
to rubclassical
To rub or chafe something.
3.
to overcomeclassical
To overcome an opponent through stubbornness and arguments.
4.
to turn awayclassical
To divert someone from their need or purpose.

عكظ دابته يعكظها عكظا: حبسها — He held back his mount, restraining it.

عَكْظnoun

1.
restraintclassical
The act of holding back or restraining.
2.
rubbingclassical
The act of rubbing or chafing.
3.
overcomingclassical
The act of overcoming an opponent through arguments.

حبسها — He held it back.

تَعَكَّظَverb

1.
to hold backclassical
To hold back or restrain oneself, often to consider matters.
2.
to become twistedclassical
For a matter or affair to become complicated or twisted.
3.
to be preventedclassical
To be prevented or held back from something.

تعكظ القوم تعكظا إذا تحبسوا لينظروا في أمورهم — The people held back, restraining themselves to consider their affairs.

تَعَاكَظَverb

1.
to struggleclassical
People struggling against each other, often in boasting or argument.
2.
to boastclassical
To engage in mutual boasting.

تعا كظ القوم: تعاركوا وتفاخروا — The people struggled against each other: they fought and boasted.

عُكَاظname

1.
Ukaẓclassical
A famous marketplace for the Arabs in pre-Islamic times, known for boasting and poetry.

سميت عكاظا لأن العرب كانت تجتمع فيها فيعكظ بعضهم بعضا بالمفاخرة أي يدعك — It was named Ukaẓ because the Arabs used to gather there and rub against each other in boasting, meaning they would chafe each other.

أَدِيمٌ عُكَاظِيٌّadjective

1.
from Ukaẓclassical
A type of leather or hide that was brought to and sold at the Ukaẓ market.

وأديم عكاظي: منسوب إليها وهو مما حمل إلى عكاظ فبيع بها — And Ukaẓi leather: attributed to it, and it is what was brought to Ukaẓ and sold there.

تَنَكَّظَverb

1.
to hastenclassical
To hasten or be quick, especially when traveling far.
2.
to be preventedclassical
To be prevented or hindered.

تقول العرب: أنت مرة تعكظ ومرة تنكظ؛ تعكظ: تمنع، وتنكظ: تعجل — The Arabs say: You are sometimes prevented and sometimes hasten; 'taʿkaẓu' means to be prevented, and 'tanakkaẓu' means to hasten.

رَجُلٌ عُكِظٌadjective

1.
shortclassical
A man who is short in stature.

ورجل عكظ: قصير — And a 'ʿakẓ' man: short.

Parallel reading

عكظ دابته يعكظها عكظا: حبسها.

He held back his mount, restraining it.

وتعكظ القوم تعكظا إذا تحبسوا لينظروا في أمورهم

And the people held back, restraining themselves to consider their affairs.

ومننه سميت عكاظ.

And from this, Ukaẓ was named.

وعكظ الشيء يعكظه: عركه.

And he rubbed a thing, rubbing it: he chafed it.

وعكظ خصمه باللدد والحجج يعكظه عكظا: عركه وقهره.

And he overcame his opponent with stubbornness and arguments, overcoming him: he rubbed him and defeated him.

وعكظه عن حاجته ونكظه إذا صرفه عنها.

And he diverted him from his need, and prevented him, if he turned him away from it.

وتعا كظ القوم: تعاركوا وتفاخروا.

And the people struggled against each other: they fought and boasted.

سميت عكاظا لأن العرب كانت تجتمع فيها فيعكظ بعضهم بعضا بالمفاخرة أي يدعك

It was named Ukaẓ because the Arabs used to gather there and rub against each other in boasting, meaning they would chafe each other.

هي اسم سوق من أسواق العرب وموسم من مواسم الجاهلية

It is the name of a market from the markets of the Arabs and a season from the seasons of ignorance (pre-Islamic period).

وكانت قبائل العرب تجتمع بها كل سنة ويتفاخرون بها ويحضرها الشعراء فيتناشدون ما أحدثوا من الشعر

And the tribes of the Arabs used to gather there every year and boast, and poets would attend and recite what new poetry they had composed.

ثم يتفرقون

Then they would disperse.

وهي بقرب مكة كان العرب يجتمعون بها كل سنة فيقيمون شهرا يتبايعون ويتفاخرون ويتناشدون

And it was near Mecca where the Arabs used to gather every year and stay for a month, buying and selling, boasting, and reciting poetry.

ومننه يوما عكاظ لأنه كانت بها وقعة بعد وقعة

And from this are the days of Ukaẓ because there was an event after an event there.

إذا بني القباب على عكاظ، وقام البيع واجتمع الألوف

When tents were pitched at Ukaẓ, and trade commenced and thousands gathered.

وأديم عكاظي: منسوب إليها وهو مما حمل إلى عكاظ فبيع بها.

And Ukaẓi leather: attributed to it, and it is what was brought to Ukaẓ and sold there.

وتعكظ أمره: التوى.

And his affair became twisted: it became complicated.

إذا اشتد على الرجل السفر وبعد قيل تنكظ، فإذا التوى عليه أمره فقد تعكظ.

If travel became arduous for a man and distant, it is said he hastens ('tanakkaẓu'), but if his affair became twisted, then it has become complicated ('taʿakkaẓa').

تقول العرب: أنت مرة تعكظ ومرة تنكظ؛ تعكظ: تمنع، وتنكظ: تعجل.

The Arabs say: You are sometimes prevented and sometimes hasten; 'taʿkaẓu' means to be prevented, and 'tanakkaẓu' means to hasten.

وتعكظ عليه أمره: تمنع وتحبس.

And his affair became obstructed for him: it became prevented and held back.

ورجل عكظ: قصير.

And a 'ʿakẓ' man: short.