القيض: قشرة البيضة العليا اليابسة، وقيل: هي التي خرج فرخها أو ماؤها كله، والمقيض موضعها.
Al-qaiḍ: the dry upper shell of an egg, and it is said: it is that from which its chick or all its contents have emerged, and al-miqaḍ is its place.
وتقيضت البيضة تقيضا إذا تكسرت فصارت فلقا، وانقاضت فهي منقاضة: تصدعت وتشققت ولم تفلق، وقاضها الفرخ قيضا: شقها، وقاضها الطائر أي شقها عن الفرخ فانقاضت أي انشقت؛
And the egg breaks into pieces ('tūqayyiḍu') if it shatters and becomes fragments, and it cracks ('inqāḍat') and is 'munqāḍah': it cracks and splits without breaking open, and the chick splits it ('qāḍahā') with 'qaiḍan': it splits it, and the bird splits it ('qāḍahā') from the chick, and it splits open ('inqāḍat');
وأنشد: إذا شئت أن تلقى مقيضا بقفرة، ... مفلقة خرشاؤها عن جنينها
And he recited: If you wish to find a broken eggshell in a desert, ... whose inner membrane is split open from its chick
والقيض: ما تفلق من قشور البيض.
And 'al-qaiḍ': what breaks off from eggshells.
وفي حديث علي، رضوان الله عليه: لا تكونوا كقيض بيض في أداح يكون كسرها وزرا، ويخرج ضغانها «6» شرا ؛ القيض: قشر البيض.
And in the saying of Ali, may God be pleased with him: Do not be like eggshells in nests whose breaking is a sin, and whose malice comes out as evil; 'al-qaiḍ': eggshell.
وفي حديث ابن عباس: إذا كان يوم القيامة مدت الأرض مد الأديم وزيد في سعتها وجمع الخلق جنهم وإنسهم في صعيد واحد، فإذا كان كذلك قيضت هذه السماء الدنيا عن أهلها فنثروا على وجه الأرض، ثم تقاض السماوات سماء فسماء، كلما قيضت سماء كان أهلها على ضعف من تحتها حتى تقاض السابعة ، في حديث طويل؛
And in the saying of Ibn Abbas: When the Day of Resurrection comes, the earth will be stretched like leather and its expanse increased, and all jinn and humans will be gathered in one place. When that happens, this lowest heaven will be split open ('tuqāyaḍu') from its inhabitants, and they will be scattered on the face of the earth, then the heavens will be split open ('tutaqāyaḍu') one by one, each time a heaven is split open ('tuqāyaḍu'), its inhabitants will be weakened below it until the seventh heaven is split open ('tutaqāyaḍu'), in a long hadith;
قال شمر: قيضت أي نقضت، يقال: قضت البناء فانقاض؛
Shammir said: 'qayyaḍtu' means 'naqaḍtu' (dismantled). It is said: a building was dismantled ('qūḍat') and it collapsed ('inqāḍa');
قال رؤبة: أفرخ قيض بيضها المنقاض
Ru'bah said: Its eggs have hatched, its shell is broken.
وقيل: قيضت هذه السماء عن أهلها أي شقت من قاض الفرخ البيضة فانقاضت.
And it is said: this heaven was split open ('qayyaḍat') from its inhabitants, meaning it was split, as the chick splits the egg ('qāḍa') and it splits open ('inqāḍat').
قال ابن الأثير: قضت القارورة فانقاضت أي انصدعت ولم تتفلق، قال: ذكرها الهروي في قوض من تقويض الخيام، وأعاد ذكرها في قيض.
Ibn al-Athir said: The bottle cracked ('qaḍat') and split ('inqāḍat'), meaning it cracked and did not break open. He said: Al-Harawi mentioned it under 'qawḍ' from dismantling tents, and repeated it under 'qaiḍ'.
وقاض البئر في الصخرة قيضا: جابها.
And he carved ('qāḍa') the well into the rock with 'qaiḍan': he bored it.
وبئر مقيضة: كثيرة الماء، وقد قيضت عن الجبلة.
And a well 'mūqayḍah': abundant in water, and it has been dug out from the rock.
وتقيض الجدار والكثيب وانقاض: تهدم وانهال.
And the wall and the dune collapse ('tūqayyaḍu' and 'inqāḍa'): they crumble and fall.
وانقاضت الركية: تكسرت.
And the well ('ar-rakiyyah') collapses ('inqāḍat'): it breaks.
أبو زيد: انقاض الجدار انقياضا أي تصدع من غير أن يسقط، فإن سقط قيل: تقيض تقيضا، وقيل: انقاضت البئر انهارت.
Abu Zayd: The wall cracks ('inqāḍa') with 'inqiyāḍan', meaning it cracks without falling. If it falls, it is said to collapse ('tūqayyaḍu') with 'tūqayyuḍan'. And it is said: the well collapses ('inqāḍat').
وقوله تعالى: جدارا يريد أن ينقض، وقرئ: ينقاض وينقاص ، بالضاد والصاد، فأما ينقض فيسقط بسرعة من انقضاض الطير وهذا من المضاعف، وأما ينقاض فإن المنذري روى عن أبي عمرو انقاض وانقاص واحد أي انشق طولا، قال وقال الأصمعي: المنقاص المنقعر من أصله، والمنقاض المنشق طولا؛ يقال: انقاضت الركية وانقاضت السن أي تشققت طولا؛ وأنشد لأبي ذؤيب: فراق كقيض السن، فالصبر إنه ... لكل أناس عثرة وجبور ويروى بالصاد.
And His saying, the Almighty: 'a wall wanting to fall down' (yunqaḍḍu), and it was recited: 'yunqāḍu' and 'yunqāṣu', with ḍād and ṣād. As for 'yunqaḍḍu', it means to fall quickly like a bird of prey, and this is from the doubled verbs. As for 'yunqāḍu', Al-Mundhiri narrated from Abu Amr that 'inqāḍa' and 'inqāṣa' are the same, meaning to split lengthwise. He said Al-Asma'i said: 'Al-minqāṣ' is that which is uprooted from its base, and 'al-minqāḍ' is that which splits lengthwise. It is said: the well cracks ('inqāḍat') and the tooth cracks ('inqāḍat') meaning it splits lengthwise. And he recited for Abu Dhu'ayb: Separation like the cracking of a tooth, for patience indeed... for every people is a stumble and a mending. And it is narrated with ṣād.
أبو زيد: انقض انقضاضا وانقاض انقياضا كلاهما إذا تصدع من غير أن يسقط، فإن سقط قيل تقيض تقيضا، وتقوض تقوضا وأنا قوضته.
Abu Zayd: 'Inqaḍḍa' with 'inqiḍāḍan' and 'inqāḍa' with 'inqiyāḍan' both mean to crack without falling. If it falls, it is said to collapse ('tūqayyaḍu') with 'tūqayyuḍan', and to collapse ('tūqawwaḍu') with 'tūqawwuḍan', and I dismantled it ('qawwaḍtuhu').
وانقاض الحائط إذا انهدم مكانه من غير هدم، فأما إذا دهور فسقط فلا يقال إلا انقض انقضاضا.
And the wall collapses ('inqāḍa') if its place crumbles without being demolished. But if it rolls and falls, it is only said to fall ('inqaḍḍa') with 'inqiḍāḍan'.
وقيض: حفر وشق.
'Qaiḍ': to dig and split.
وقايض الرجل مقايضة: عارضه بمتاع؛ وهما قيضان كما يقال بيعان.
And a man 'qāyaḍa' 'mūqāyaḍah': he exchanged goods with him; and they are two 'qaiḍān' just as two sellers are called 'bayyi'ān'.
وباعه فرسا بفرسين قيضين.
And he sold him a horse for two 'qaiḍayn' horses.
والقيض: العوض.
And 'al-qaiḍ': the substitute.
والقيض: التمثيل.
And 'al-qaiḍ': the likeness.
ويقال: قاضه يقيضه إذا عاضه.
And it is said: 'qāḍahu' 'yuqīḍuhu' if he substitutes him.
وفي الحديث: إن شئت أقيضك به المختارة من دروع بدر أي أبدلك به وأعوضك عنه.
And in the hadith: If you wish, I will give you as a substitute ('uqīḍuka') for it the choicest of the shields of Badr, meaning I will replace it with it and compensate you for it.
وفي حديث معاوية: قال لسعيد بن عثمان بن عفان: لو ملئت لي غوطة دمشق رجالا مثلك قياضا بيزيد ما قبلتهم أي مقايضة به.
And in the saying of Mu'awiyah: He said to Sa'id ibn Uthman ibn Affan: Even if you filled the Ghouta of Damascus with men like you as substitutes ('qiyāḍan') for Yazid, I would not accept them, meaning in exchange ('mūqāyaḍah') for him.
الأزهري: ومن ذوات الياء. أبو عبيد: هما قيضان أي مثلان.
Al-Azhari: And among those with a final 'ya'. Abu Ubayd: They are two 'qaiḍān', meaning two equals.
وقيض الله فلانا لفلان: جاءه به وأتاحه له.
And God 'qayyaḍa' so-and-so for so-and-so: He brought him to him and made him available to him.
وقيض الله له قرينا: هيأه وسببه من حيث لا يحتسبه.
And God 'qayyaḍa' a companion for him: He prepared him and caused him to come from where he did not expect.
وفي التنزيل: وقيضنا لهم قرناء ؛ وفيه: ومن يعش عن ذكر الرحمن نقيض له شيطانا ؛ قال الزجاج: أي نسبب له شيطانا يجعل الله ذلك جزاءه.
And in the Quran: 'And We appointed for them companions' ('qayyaḍnā lahum quranā'); and in it: 'And whoever is heedless of the remembrance of the Most Merciful, We will appoint for him a devil' ('nuqayyaḍu lahu shayṭānan'); Al-Zajjaj said: meaning We appoint a devil for him, and God makes that his recompense.
وقيضنا لهم قرناء أي سببنا لهم من حيث لم يحتسبوه، وقال بعضهم: لا يكون قيض إلا في الشر، واحتج بقوله تعالى: نقيض له شيطانا ، وقيضنا لهم قرناء ؛ قال ابن بري: ليس ذلك بصحيح بدليل قوله، صلى الله عليه وسلم: ما أكرم شاب شيخا لسنه إلا قيض الله له من يكرمه عند سنه.
And 'We appointed for them companions' ('qayyaḍnā lahum quranā') means We caused them to come from where they did not expect. And some said: 'Qaiḍ' only occurs in evil, and they used as evidence His saying, the Almighty: 'We will appoint for him a devil' ('nuqayyaḍu lahu shayṭānan'), and 'We appointed for them companions' ('qayyaḍnā lahum quranā'). Ibn Barrī said: That is not correct, as evidenced by his saying, peace be upon him: 'No young man honors an old man for his age, but God appoints for him someone who will honor him in his old age.'
أبو زيد: تقيض فلان أباه وتقيله تقيضا وتقيلا إذا نزع إليه في الشبه.
Abu Zayd: So-and-so 'tūqayyiḍu' his father and 'tūqīlahu' 'tūqayyuḍan' and 'tūqīlan' if he takes after him in resemblance.
ويقال: هذا قيض لهذا وقياض له أي مساو له.
And it is said: this is 'qaiḍ' for this and 'qiyāḍ' for it, meaning equal to it.
ابن شميل: يقال لسانه قيضة، الياء شديدة.
Ibn Shumayl: It is said his tongue is 'qaiḍah', the 'ya' is strong.
واقتياض الشيء: استأصله؛ قال الطرماح: وجنبنا إليهم الخيل فاقتيض ... حماهم، والحرب ذات اقتياض
And 'iqtiyāḍ' of a thing: to uproot it. Al-Ṭuraymiḥ said: And we turned the horses towards them, so he uprooted... their protection, and war is characterized by uprooting.
والقيض: حجر تكوى به الإبل من النحاز، يؤخذ حجر صغير مدور فيسخن، ثم يصرع البعير النحز فيوضع الحجر على رحبييه؛ قال الراجز: لحوت عمرا مثل ما تلحى العصا ... لحوا، لو ان الشيب يدمى لدما كيك بالقيض قد كان حمى ... مواضع الناحز قد كان طنى
And 'al-qaiḍ': a stone with which camels are cauterized for a sting. A small, round stone is taken and heated, then the stung camel is laid down and the stone is placed on its humps; the rajaz poet said: I have branded Amr like a stick is branded... branded, if gray hair could bleed blood, you were cauterized with 'al-qaiḍ'... the places of the sting were marked.
وقيض إبله إذا وسمها بالقيض، وهو هذا الحجر الذي ذكرناه.
And he cauterized ('qayyaḍa') his camels if he branded them with 'al-qaiḍ', which is this stone we mentioned.
أبو الخطاب: القيضة حجر تكوى به نقرة الغنم.
Abu Al-Khaṭṭāb: 'Al-qaiḍah' is a stone with which the nape of sheep is cauterized.