حيض

Root entry · 22 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the menstrual cycle in women, including the act of menstruating, the period itself, and related concepts. It also extends metaphorically to the flowing or outpouring of liquids, such as floods or sap from trees, and to the concept of a place or time associated with menstruation.

Derived headwords

حَاضَتِ الْمَرْأَةُverb

1.
she menstruatedboth
The verb indicating that a woman began her menstrual period.

حَيضًاnoun

1.
menstruationboth
The act or process of menstruating; the menstrual period.
2.
flowclassical
The flowing or outpouring of a liquid, used metaphorically for floods or sap.

مَحِيضًاnoun

1.
menstruation (source/time)both
Can refer to the source or time of menstruation, or the menstrual period itself.
2.
place of menstruationclassical
The place where menstruation occurs, metaphorically extended to the place of sexual intercourse during menstruation.

مَحَاضًاnoun

1.
menstruationclassical
A masdar (verbal noun) for the act of menstruating.

حَائِضadjective

1.
menstruating (woman)both
A woman who is menstruating.

حَائِضَةadjective

1.
menstruating (woman)both
A woman who is menstruating; an active participle of the verb 'to menstruate'.

حَوائِضnoun

1.
menstruating womenclassical
The plural of 'حائض' (ha'id), referring to menstruating women.

حِيضnoun

1.
menstruating womenclassical
A broken plural of 'حائض' (ha'id), referring to menstruating women.

حِيضَةnoun

1.
a period of menstruationboth
A single instance or bout of menstruation; the term itself can also refer to the menstrual blood.
2.
menstrual clothclassical
A piece of cloth used by a menstruating woman.

حِيضَاتnoun

1.
periods of menstruationboth
The plural of 'حيضة' (haidah), referring to multiple instances or bouts of menstruation.

حِيضnoun

1.
menstrual bloodclassical
The blood itself that is discharged during menstruation.

تَحَيَّضَتِ الْمَرْأَةُverb

1.
she abstained from prayerclassical
A woman refraining from prayer during her menstrual days.

اسْتُحِيضَتِ الْمَرْأَةُverb

1.
she had prolonged bleedingboth
A woman experiencing continuous bleeding beyond her normal menstrual period.

مُسْتَحَاضَةadjective

1.
woman with prolonged bleedingboth
A woman suffering from continuous bleeding that is not her regular menstruation.

الْمَحِيضnoun

1.
menstruation (time/place)both
Refers to the time or place of menstruation, or the menstrual period itself.
2.
sexual intercourse (during menstruation)classical
The act of sexual intercourse with a woman during her menstruation.

الاسْتِحَاضَةnoun

1.
prolonged menstrual bleedingboth
The condition of continuous bleeding in women beyond their usual menstrual cycle.

حَاضَتِ السَّمُرَةُverb

1.
sap flowedclassical
Used metaphorically for a tree (samurah) from which a substance resembling blood flowed.

حَاضَ السَّيْلُverb

1.
the flood surgedclassical
Used metaphorically for a flood when it surges or overflows.

حِيَاضnoun

1.
menstrual bloodclassical
Refers to the blood of menstruation.

الْمَحايِضnoun

1.
menstrual clothsclassical
Plural of 'محِيضة' (mahīdah), referring to cloths used by menstruating women.
2.
menstruation (plural)classical
Can be a plural of 'محيض' (mahīḍ), referring to multiple instances or aspects of menstruation.

حَائِشadjective

1.
mixedclassical
A term used in a context similar to 'حائض', possibly implying a mixed or impure state.

عائِرnoun

1.
eye inflammationclassical
A term for an eye affliction or inflammation, derived analogously to 'حائض'.

Parallel reading

حاضت المرأة تحيض حيضا ومحيضا، والمحيض يكون اسما ويكون مصدرا.

The woman menstruated, she menstruates, a menstruation and a place/time of menstruation, and 'al-mahiḍ' can be a noun and can be a verbal noun.

يقال حاضت المرأة تحيض حيضا ومحاضا ومحيضا

It is said: the woman menstruated, she menstruates, a menstruation, a 'maḥāḍan', and a 'maḥīḍan'.

وهي حائض، همزت وإن لم تجر على الفعل لأنه أشبه في اللفظ ما اطرد همزه من الجاري على الفعل نحو قائم وصائم وأشباه ذلك

And she is 'ḥā'iḍ' (menstruating), its hamza is used even if it doesn't follow the verb pattern because it is phonetically similar to what has a regular hamza on the verb pattern, like 'qā'im' and 'ṣā'im' and their likes.

ورأيت حيون العام والعام قبله ... كحائضة يزنى بها غير طاهر

And I saw the animals of this year and the year before... like a menstruating woman being fornicated with while impure.

وعليه قالوا: العائر للرمد، وإن لم يجر على الفعل لما جاء مجيء ما يجب همزه وإعلاله في غالب الأمر، ومثله الحائش.

And based on this, they said: 'al-ʿā'ir' for eye inflammation, even if it doesn't follow the verb pattern, because it comes in a form that usually requires hamza and vowel change, and 'al-ḥā'ish' is similar.

قال ابن خالويه: يقال حاضت ونفست ونفست ودرست وطمثت وضحكت وكادت وأكبرت وصامت.

Ibn Khālawayh said: It is said 'ḥāḍat' (she menstruated), 'nafasat' (she gave birth), 'darasat' (she became mature), 'ṭamathat' (she menstruated), 'ḍaḥikat' (she laughed), 'kādat' (she was about to), 'akbarat' (she reached old age), and 'ṣāmat' (she fasted).

سمي الحيض حيضا من قولهم حاض السيل إذا فاض

Menstruation is called 'ḥaiḍ' from their saying 'the flood surged' when it overflowed.

والحيضة: المرة الواحدة من دفع الحيض ونوبه، والحيضات جماعة، والحيضة الاسم، بالكسر، والجمع الحيض، وقيل: الحيضة الدم نفسه.

And 'al-ḥaiḍah' is the single instance of the onset and turn of menstruation, and 'al-ḥaiḍāt' is the plural. 'Al-ḥaiḍah', with kasra, is the name, and the plural is 'al-ḥiyḍ'. It was said: 'al-ḥaiḍah' is the blood itself.

وفي حديث أم سلمة: ليست حيضتك في يدك ؛ الحيضة، بالكسر: الاسم من الحيض والحال التي تلزمها الحائض من التجنب والتحيض كالجلسة والقعدة من الجلوس والقعود.

And in the narration of Umm Salamah: 'Your menstruation is not in your hand'; 'al-ḥaiḍah', with kasra, is the name for menstruation and the state that obliges the menstruating woman to abstain and refrain, like 'al-jalsah' and 'al-quʿdah' from 'al-julūs' and 'al-quʿūd'.

خواق حياضهن تسيل سيلا، ... على الأعقاب، تحسبه خضابا

Their flowing menstrual blood streams like dye... on their heels, you would think it was dye.

تحيضت المرأة: تركت الصلاة أيام حيضها.

The woman 'taḥayyaḍat': she abandoned prayer during her days of menstruation.

وفي حديث النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، أنه قال للمرأة: تحيضي في علم الله ستا أو سبعا ؛ تحيضت المرأة إذا قعدت أيام حيضتها تنتظر انقطاعه، يقول: عدي نفسك حائضا وافعلي ما تفعل الحائض، وإنما خص الست والسبع لأنهما الغالب على أيام الحيض.

And in the Hadith of the Prophet, peace be upon him, he said to the woman: 'Consider yourself menstruating in God's knowledge for six or seven [days]'; the woman 'taḥayyaḍat' when she sits during her menstrual days waiting for it to stop, meaning: count yourself as menstruating and do what a menstruating woman does. He specified six and seven because they are the most common duration for menstrual days.

واستحيضت المرأة أي استمر بها الدم بعد أيامها، فهي مستحاضة، والمستحاضة: التي لا يرقأ دم حيضها ولا يسيل من المحيض ولكنه يسيل من عرق يقال له العاذل

And the woman 'istaḥīḍat' means the blood continued after her days, so she is 'mustaḥāḍah', and 'al-mustaḥāḍah' is she whose menstrual blood does not stop and does not flow from the usual place of menstruation, but rather flows from a vein called 'al-ʿādhel'.

قال الله عز وجل: ويسئلونك عن المحيض قل هو أذى فاعتزلوا النساء في المحيض ؛ قيل: إن المحيض في هذه الآية المأتى من المرأة لأنه موضع الحيض فكأنه قال: اعتزلوا النساء في موضع الحيض ولا تجامعوهن في ذلك المكان.

Allah the Almighty said: 'And they ask you about menstruation. Say: It is an annoyance, so keep away from women during menstruation'; it was said that 'al-maḥīḍ' in this verse refers to the place of intercourse with a woman because it is the place of menstruation, so it is as if He said: 'Keep away from women in the place of menstruation and do not have intercourse with them in that place.'

والاستحاضة: أن يستمر بالمرأة خروج الدم بعد أيام حيضها المعتاد.

And 'al-istiḥāḍah' is for the blood to continuously flow from a woman after her usual menstrual days.

حاضت السمرة: خرج منها الدودم، وهو شيء شبه الدم، وإنما ذلك على التشبيه.

The 'samurah' tree 'ḥāḍat': a substance like blood came out of it, and this is by way of metaphor.

يقال حاض السيل وفاض إذا سال يحيض ويفيض؛

It is said the flood 'ḥāḍa' and 'fāḍa' when it flows and overflows.

والمحيض والحيض: اجتماع الدم إلى ذلك المكان، قال: ومن هذا قيل للحوض حوض لأن الماء يحيض إليه أي يسيل

And 'al-maḥīḍ' and 'al-ḥaiḍ' mean the gathering of blood to that place. He said: And from this, a basin is called 'ḥawḍ' because water flows to it, meaning it streams.

ويقال: حاضت المرأة وتحيضت ودرست وعركت تحيض حيضا ومحاضا ومحيضا إذا سال الدم منها في أوقات معلومة، فإذا سال في غير أيام معلومة ومن غير عرق المحيض قلت: استحيضت، فهي مستحاضة

And it is said: the woman 'ḥāḍat', 'taḥayyaḍat', 'darasat', and 'ʿarakat' (all indicating menstruation) meaning the blood flows from her at known times. If it flows at times other than known days and not from the usual place of menstruation, you say: she 'istaḥīḍat', and she is 'mustaḥāḍah'.

لا تقبل صلاة حائض إلا بخمار أي بلغت سن المحيض وجرى عليها القلم. ولم يرد في أيام حيضها لأن الحائض لا صلاة عليها.

The prayer of a menstruating woman is not accepted except with a head covering, meaning she has reached the age of menstruation and the pen has been lifted for her. It does not mean during her menstrual days because a menstruating woman is not obligated to pray.

والحيضة: الخرقة التي تستثفر بها المرأة؛

And 'al-ḥaiḍah' is the cloth that a woman uses to staunch bleeding.

تلقى فيها المحايض ؛ وقيل: المحايض جمع المحيض، وهو مصدر حاض، فلما سمي به جمعه، ويقع المحيض على المصدر والزمان والدم.

Menstrual cloths are thrown into it; and it was said: 'al-maḥāyiḍ' is the plural of 'al-maḥīḍ', which is the verbal noun of 'ḥāḍa', so when it is used as a name, it is pluralized. And 'al-maḥīḍ' can refer to the verbal noun, the time, and the blood.