خرش

Root entry · 26 derived lemmas

The root خرش (kharasha) primarily relates to scratching, tearing, and making marks, often with nails or sharp objects. It extends to concepts of collecting, earning, and inciting, as well as describing various hollow or flaky substances like eggshells, foam, and snake skins.

Derived headwords

خَرَشَverb

1.
to scratchboth
To make a scratch or mark on a body, especially with fingernails.
2.
to inciteclassical
To provoke or stir up, similar to inciting or nudging.
3.
to collect and earnboth
To gather, earn, or acquire wealth or provisions, often through effort or cunning.

خرشه يخرشه خرشا — He scratched him, scratching him, a scratching.

خَرْشnoun

1.
scratchingboth
The act of scratching or a scratch on the entire body.
2.
collection and earningsboth
Earnings, provisions, or what is collected, often through effort.
3.
incitementclassical
The act of inciting or provoking.

الخرش: الخدش في الجسد كله — The kharsh: a scratch on the entire body.

اخْتَرَشَverb

1.
to scratchboth
To scratch or make a mark, especially with fingernails.
2.
to collect and earnboth
To gather, collect, and earn provisions or wealth.

واخترش الجرو: تحرك وخدش — And the cub اخترش: it moved and scratched.

تَخَارَشَverb

1.
to scratch each otherboth
To scratch and tear at each other, like dogs or cats.

وتخارشت الكلاب والسنانير: تخادشت ومزق بعضها بعضا — And the dogs and cats تخارشت: they scratched each other and tore each other apart.

خُرَّاشadjective

1.
scratching (dog)classical
A dog that is prone to scratching or fighting, like a fighting dog.

وكلب خراش أي هراش — And a kharrash dog, meaning a fighting dog.

خِرَاشnoun

1.
brand markclassical
A long, subtle brand mark, like a sting, applied to the inside of a camel.

والخراش: سمة مستطيلة كاللذعة الخفية تكون في جوف البعير — And the kharash: a long mark like a subtle sting that is on the inside of a camel.

أَخْرَشَةnoun

1.
brand marksclassical
Plural of kharash, referring to brand marks on camels.

والجمع أخرشة — And the plural is akhreshah.

مَخْرُوشadjective

1.
brandedclassical
A camel that has been branded with the kharash mark.

وبعير مخروش — And a branded camel.

مِخْرَاشnoun

1.
scratching stickclassical
A stick used by a shoemaker to make marks or lines.
2.
curved stickboth
A curved stick, like a scepter, used for various purposes, including nudging animals.

والمخراش: خشبة يخط بها الإسكاف — And the mikhraash: a stick with which the shoemaker makes marks.

مِخْرَشَةnoun

1.
scratching toolclassical
A tool used by a leather worker to engrave or mark skin, also called a 'mukhatt'.
2.
curved stickclassical
A curved stick, similar to a mikhraash, used for marking or nudging.

والمخرشة والمخرش: خشبة يخط بها الخراز أي ينقش الجلد ويسمى المخط — And the mukhrashah and mukhrash: a stick with which the leather worker makes marks, meaning he engraves the skin and it is called the mukhatt.

نَخْوَرُشadjective

1.
moving and scratchingclassical
Describing a young animal that has moved and scratched, a rare verbal noun form.

وجرو نخورش: قد تحرك وخدش — And a cub nakhurush: it has moved and scratched.

تَخَرُّشnoun

1.
scratchingclassical
The act of scratching or inciting.

خَرَّاشname

1.
nameboth
A given name or kunya, such as Samaak ibn Kharash or Abu Kharash.

وسماك بن خرشة الأنصاري وأبو خراش الهذلي — And Samaak ibn Kharashah Al-Ansari and Abu Kharash Al-Hudhali.

خَرْشَةnoun

1.
flyboth
A small fly or gnat.
2.
scratchboth
A slight scratch or mark.
3.
heartclassical
Figuratively, the heart or core of something; 'no kharshah' means no change or no taking.

والخرشة، بالتحريك: ذبابة — And the kharshah, with vowelization: a fly.

خُرُوشnoun

1.
earningsboth
Plural of kharsh, referring to earnings or collected provisions.

وجمعه خروش — And its plural is khuroosh.

مَخَارَشَةnoun

1.
reluctant takingclassical
The act of taking something reluctantly or forcefully.

المخارشة: الأخذ على كره — Al-mukharashah: taking something unwillingly.

خَرْشَاءnoun

1.
eggshellboth
The dry outer shell of an egg after it has hatched.
2.
inner egg membraneclassical
The inner membrane of an eggshell.
3.
foam or frothboth
The foam or froth of milk, or any hollow, inflated substance.
4.
snake skinboth
The shed skin or slough of a snake.
5.
chest phlegmboth
Phlegm or mucus from the chest.

والخرشاء: قشرة البيضة العليا اليابسة — And the kharshaa': the dry upper shell of the egg.

خَرَاشِيّnoun

1.
inner egg membraneclassical
Plural of kharshaa', referring to the inner membranes of eggshells.
2.
insectsclassical
Figuratively, all kinds of insects.

وقد يسمى البلغم خرشاء — And phlegm may be called kharshaa'.

خَرَّشَverb

1.
to nudgeboth
To strike an animal with a curved stick (muhjan) to make it move faster.
2.
to bite (insects)both
To be bitten or stung by insects like flies.

وخرش الغصن وخرشه: ضربه بالمحجن يجتذبه إليه — And he kharasha the branch and kharashahu: he struck it with a curved stick, pulling it towards him.

خَرَّشَ لِـverb

1.
to earn forboth
To earn or collect provisions for one's family.

وخرش لأهله يخرش خرشا — And he earned for his family, earning, earning.

اقْتَرَشَverb

1.
to seek livelihoodboth
To seek a livelihood, to earn and gather provisions.

وكذلك يقترش ويقرش يطلب الرزق — And likewise, he iqtarash and yaqarish, seeking sustenance.

قَرَّشَverb

1.
to seek livelihoodboth
To seek a livelihood, to earn and gather provisions.

وكذلك يقترش ويقرش يطلب الرزق — And likewise, he iqtarash and yaqarish, seeking sustenance.

خَرَاشَةnoun

1.
small amountclassical
A small amount or trifle, like a small right or claim.

عنده خراشة وخماشة أي حق صغير — He has kharashah and khamashah, meaning a small right.

مَخَارِشnoun

1.
namesboth
Plural of kharashah, referring to various names and kunyas.

وخرشة وخراشة وخراش ومخارش، كلها: أسماء — And kharshah, kharashah, kharash, and makharish, all: names.

خَرْشnoun

1.
sleepless manclassical
A man who does not sleep, possibly due to hunger.

والخرش والخرش: الرجل الذي لا ينام — And al-kharsh and al-kharsh: the man who does not sleep.

خَرْشُ البيتnoun

1.
palm frondsclassical
The fronds of a palm tree, especially when old or used for weaving.

وخرش البيت: سعوفه من جوالق خلق أو ثوب خلق — And kharsh al-bayt: its fronds from old sacks or worn cloth.

Parallel reading

الخرش: الخدش في الجسد كله

Al-kharsh: a scratch on the entire body.

وقال الليث: الخرش بالأظفار في الجسد كله

And Al-Layth said: Al-kharsh is with fingernails on the entire body.

خرشه يخرشه خرشا واخترشه وخرشه وخارشه مخارشة وخراشا.

He scratched him, scratching him, a scratching; and he scratched him, and he scratched him, and he engaged in scratching with him, a scratching and a scratching.

وجرو نخورش: قد تحرك وخدش؛ قال ابن سيده: ليس في الكلام نفوعل غيره.

And a cub nakhurush: it has moved and scratched; Ibn Saydah said: there is no word in the language with the pattern 'nafaw'al' other than it.

واخترش الجرو: تحرك وخدش.

And the cub ikhtarrasha: it moved and scratched.

وتخارشت الكلاب والسنانير: تخادشت ومزق بعضها بعضا.

And the dogs and cats takharashat: they scratched each other and tore each other apart.

وكلب خراش أي هراش.

And a kharrash dog, meaning a fighting dog.

والخراش: سمة مستطيلة كاللذعة الخفية تكون في جوف البعير، والجمع أخرشة، وبعير مخروش.

And al-kharash: a long mark like a subtle sting that is on the inside of a camel, and the plural is akhreshah, and a branded camel.

والمخرش والمخراش: خشبة يخط بها الإسكاف.

And al-mukhrash and al-mikhraash: a stick with which the shoemaker makes marks.

والمخرشة والمخرش: خشبة يخط بها الخراز أي ينقش الجلد ويسمى المخط.

And al-mukhrashah and al-mukhrash: a stick with which the leather worker makes marks, meaning he engraves the skin and it is called the mukhatt.

والمخرش والمخراش أيضا: عصا معوجة الرأس كالصولجان؛ ومنه الحديث: ضرب رأسه بمخرش.

And al-mukhrash and al-mikhraash also: a stick with a crooked head like a scepter; and from it is the hadith: He struck his head with a mikhraash.

وخرش الغصن وخرشه: ضربه بالمحجن يجتذبه إليه.

And he kharasha the branch and kharashahu: he struck it with a curved stick, pulling it towards him.

في حديث أبي بكر، رضي الله عنه: أنه أفاض وهو يخرش بعيره بمحجنه.

In the hadith of Abu Bakr, may God be pleased with him: that he performed the final circumambulation while he was nudging his camel with his curved stick.

قال الأصمعي: الخرش أن يضربه بمحجنه ثم يجتذبه إليه يريد بذلك تحريكه للإسراع، وهو شبيه بالخدش والنخس؛ وأنشد:

Al-Asma'i said: Al-kharsh is to strike it with a curved stick then pull it towards him, intending by that to move it for speed, and it is similar to scratching and prodding; and he recited:

إن الجراء تخترش ... في بطن أم الهمرش

Indeed the young ones are scratching... in the belly of the mother of the 'hamarsh'.

وخرش البعير بالمحجن: ضربه بطرفه في عرض رقبته أو في جلده حتى يحت عنه وبره.

And he kharasha the camel with the curved stick: he struck it with its end across its neck or on its skin until its fur was removed.

وخرشت البعير إذا اجتذبته إليك بالمخراش، وهو المحجن، وربما جاء بالحاء.

And you kharasha the camel if you pull it towards you with the mikhraash, which is the curved stick, and sometimes it comes with 'haa'.

وخرشه الذباب وحرشه إذا عضه.

And the flies kharashahu and harashahu if they bit it.

والخرشة، بالتحريك: ذبابة.

And al-kharshah, with vowelization: a fly.

وما به خرشة أي قلبة، وما خرش شيئا أي ما أخذ.

And he has no kharshah, meaning no change, and he did not kharash anything, meaning he did not take anything.

والخرش: الكسب، وجمعه خروش؛ قال رؤبة: قرضي وما جمعت من خروشي

And al-kharsh: earning, and its plural is khuroosh; Ru'bah said: My loan and what I have collected of my earnings.

وخرش لأهله يخرش خرشا واخترش: جمع وكسب واحتال.

And he earned for his family, earning, earning, and ikhtarrasha: he collected, earned, and schemed.

وهو يخرش لعياله ويخترش أي يكتسب لهم ويجمع، وكذلك يقترش ويقرش يطلب الرزق.

And he is earning for his family and ikhtarrash, meaning acquiring and collecting for them, and likewise he iqtarash and yaqarish, seeking sustenance.

وفي حديث أبي هريرة: لو رأيت العير يخرش ما بين لابتيها يعني المدينة؛ قيل: معناه من اخترشت الشيء إذا أخذته وحصلته، ويروى بالجيم والشين، وهو مذكور في موضعه من الجرش الأكل.

And in the hadith of Abu Hurayrah: If you saw the wild ass kharasha between its two lava fields, meaning Madinah; it was said: its meaning is from ikhtarashtu the thing if you take it and obtain it, and it is narrated with 'jeem' and 'sheen', and it is mentioned in its place from 'jarasha' meaning eating.

وخرش من الشيء: أخذ.

And he kharasha from the thing: he took.

وفي حديث قيس بن صيفي: كان أبو موسى يسمعنا ونحن نخارشهم فلا ينهانا ، يعني أهل السواد.

And in the hadith of Qais bin Sufay: Abu Musa used to let us hear them while we were mukharrishuhum, and he did not forbid us, meaning the people of the cultivated land.

والمخارشة: الأخذ على كره؛ وقوله أنشده ابن الأعرابي:

And al-mukharashah: taking something unwillingly; and his saying, which Ibn Al-A'rabi recited:

أصدرها، عن طثرة الدئاث، ... صاحب ليل خرش التبعاث

He brought them out, from the abundance of the flies, ... a night companion who incited the flies.

الخرش: الذي يهيجها ويحركها.

Al-kharsh: he who incites them and moves them.

والخرش والخرش: الرجل الذي لا ينام، ولم يعرفه شمر؛ قال أبو منصور: أظنه مع الجوع.

And al-kharsh and al-kharsh: the man who does not sleep, and Shimr did not know it; Abu Mansur said: I think it is related to hunger.

والخرشاء: قشرة البيضة العليا اليابسة، وإنما يقال لها خرشاء بعد ما تنقف فيخرج ما فيها من البلل.

And al-kharshaa': the dry upper shell of the egg, and it is only called kharshaa' after it cracks and what is in it of moisture comes out.

وفي التهذيب: الخرشاء جلدة البيضة الداخلة، وجمعه خراشي وهو الغرقئ.

And in Al-Tahdheeb: Al-kharshaa' is the inner membrane of the egg, and its plural is kharashi, which is the vitelline membrane.

والخرشاء: قشرة البيضة العليا بعد أن تكسر ويخرج ما فيها.

And al-kharshaa': the upper shell of the egg after it is broken and what is in it comes out.

وخرشاء الصدر: ما يرمى به من لزج النخامة، قال: وقد يسمى البلغم خرشاء.

And kharshaa' al-sadr: what is expelled of sticky phlegm, he said: And phlegm may be called kharshaa'.

ويقال: ألقى فلان خراشي صدره، أراد النخامة.

And it is said: So-and-so threw out the kharash of his chest, meaning the phlegm.

وخرشاء الحية: سلخها وجلدها.

And kharshaa' al-hayyah: its slough and skin.

أبو زيد: الخرشاء مثل الحرباء جلد الحية وقشره، وكذلك كل شيء فيه انتفاخ وتفتق.

Abu Zayd: Al-kharshaa' is like the chameleon, the skin and peel of a snake, and likewise everything that has inflation and rupture.

وخرشاء اللبن: رغوته، وقيل: جليدة تعلوه؛ قال مزرد:

And kharshaa' al-laban: its foam, and it was said: a thin skin that covers it; Muzarrid said:

إذا مس خرشاء الثمالة أنفه، ... ثنى مشفريه للصريح فأقنعا

When the foam of the dregs touched his nose, ... he bent his lips to the pure [milk] and drank.

يعني الرغوة فيها انتفاخ وتفتق وخروق.

Meaning the foam has inflation, rupture, and holes.

وخرشاء الثمالة: الجلدة التي تعلو اللبن، فإذا أراد الشارب شربه ثنى مشفريه حتى يخلص له اللبن.

And kharshaa' al-thimalah: the skin that covers the milk, so when the drinker wants to drink it, he bends his lips until the milk is accessible to him.

وخرشاء العسل: شمعه وما فيه من ميت نحله.

And kharshaa' al-'asal: its wax and dead bees within it.

وكل شيء أجوف فيه انتفاخ وخروق وتفتق خرشاء.

And everything hollow that has inflation, holes, and rupture is kharshaa'.

وطلعت الشمس في خرشاء أي في غبرة، واستعار أبو حنيفة الخراشي للحشرات كلها.

And the sun rose in kharshaa', meaning in dustiness, and Abu Hanifa metaphorically used al-kharashi for all insects.

وخرشة وخراشة وخراش ومخارش، كلها: أسماء وسماك بن خرشة الأنصاري وأبو خراش الهذلي، بكسر الخاء؛ وأبو خراشة، بالضم، في قول الشاعر:

And kharshah, kharashah, kharash, and makharish, all: names, and Samaak ibn Kharashah Al-Ansari and Abu Kharash Al-Hudhali, with a kasrah on the kha'; and Abu Kharashah, with a dammah, in the saying of the poet:

أبا خراشة أما كنت ذا نفر، ... فإن قومي لم تأكلهم الضبع

O Abu Kharashah, if you were a man of standing, ... then my people were not eaten by the hyena.

قال ابن بري: البيت لعباس بن مرداس السلمي، وأبو خراشة كنية خفاف بن ندبة، وندبة أمه، فقال يخاطبه: إن كنت ذا نفر وعدد قليل فإن قومي عدد كثير لم تأكلهم الضبع، وهي السنة المجدبة؛ وروى هذا البيت سيبويه: أما أنت ذا نفر، فجعل أنت اسم كان المحذوفة وأما عوض منها وذا نفر خبرها وأن مصدرية «1»، وكذلك تقول في قولهم أما أنت منطلقا انطلقت معك بفتح أن فتقديره عنده لأن كنت منطلقا انطلقت معك، فأسقطت لام الجر كما أسقطت في قوله عز وجل: وإن هذه أمتكم أمة واحدة وأنا ربكم فاتقون، والعامل في هذه اللام ما بعدها وهو قول فاتقون، قال: وكذلك الكلام في قولك لأن كنت منطلقا، العامل في هذه اللام ما بعدها وهو انطلقت معك؛ وبعد البيت:

Ibn Al-Bari said: The verse is by Abbas bin Mirdas Al-Sulami, and Abu Kharashah is the kunyah of Khuffaf bin Nidbah, and Nidbah is his mother, so he addressed him: If you were a man of standing and a small number, then my people are a large number whom the hyena did not eat, and it is a year of drought; and Sibawayh narrated this verse: 'Ama anta dha nafarin', making 'anta' the subject of the deleted 'kana' and 'ama' a substitute for it, and 'dha nafarin' its predicate, and 'an' is a مصدرية (masdariyya); and likewise you say in their saying 'Ama anta muntaaliqan, 'anṭalaqtu ma'ak' with a fatha on 'an', its estimation is 'li'an kunta muntaaliqan, 'anṭalaqtu ma'ak', so the preposition 'li' was omitted as it was omitted in His saying, the Almighty: 'And indeed this is your nation, one nation, and I am your Lord, so fear Me', and the عامل (agent) for this 'li' is what comes after it, which is the saying 'fa-ttaqoon', he said: And likewise the speech in your saying 'li'an kunta muntaaliqan', the agent for this 'li' is what comes after it, which is 'anṭalaqtu ma'ak'; and after the verse:

وكل قومك يخشى منه بائقة، ... فارعد قليلا، وأبصرها بمن تقع

And all your people fear calamity from you, ... so thunder a little, and see upon whom it falls.

إن تك جلمود بصر لا أؤبسه، ... أوقد عليه فأحميه فينصدع

If you are a stone of sight that I do not wear down, ... I will light a fire upon it and heat it until it cracks.

قال أبو تراب: سمعت رافعا يقول لي عنده خراشة وخماشة أي حق صغير.

Abu Turab said: I heard Rafi' say to me, he has kharashah and khamashah, meaning a small right.

وخروش البيت: سعوفه من جوالق خلق أو ثوب خلق، الواحد سعف وخرش.

And khuroosh al-bayt: its fronds from old sacks or worn cloth, the singular is sa'af and kharsh.