يءس

Root entry · 24 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of despair, hopelessness, and the loss of hope. It also extends to the meaning of knowing or learning, particularly in certain dialects and classical interpretations of scripture.

Derived headwords

اليأسnoun

1.
Despairboth
The state of complete hopelessness and loss of expectation.
2.
Hopelessnessboth
The opposite of hope or expectation.

يئسverb

1.
To despairboth
To lose all hope or expectation.
2.
To knowclassical
To become aware of or to learn something, used in specific dialects.

ألم تيأسوا أني ابن فارس زهدم؟ — Have you not despaired (learned) that I am the son of Zahdam the valiant horseman?

أفلم ييأس الذين آمنوا أن لو يشاء الله لهدى الناس جميعا — Have those who believed not despaired (learned) that if Allah willed, He would have guided all mankind?

ييأسverb

1.
To despairboth
Present tense of the verb 'to despair'.
2.
To knowclassical
Present tense of the verb 'to know', used in specific dialects.

يُيْئِسُverb

1.
To despairclassical
An unusual conjugation of the verb 'to despair'.

اليآسةnoun

1.
Despairclassical
A variant form of the masdar (verbal noun) for 'to despair'.

استيأسverb

1.
To despairboth
To become despairing or to lose hope.

وآيسه فلان من كذا فاستيأس منه بمعنى أيس واتأس أيضا — So-and-so made him despair of such-and-such, and he despaired of it, meaning he lost hope and became resigned.

أيأستهverb

1.
To make despairboth
To cause someone to lose hope.

يائسadjective

1.
Despairingboth
One who is in a state of despair.

وإنه ليائس — And indeed he is despairing.

يؤوسadjective

1.
Despairingclassical
An adjective describing someone in a state of despair, often implying intensity.

يؤسadjective

1.
Despairingclassical
An adjective describing someone in a state of despair.

يؤوسnoun

1.
Despairing onesclassical
Plural of 'يائس', referring to those who are despairing.

والجمع يؤوس — And the plural is 'yus'.

أيسverb

1.
To despairclassical
A less common form of the verb 'to despair', often considered a dialectal variant or a less standard form.

يأيسverb

1.
To despairclassical
A variant conjugation of the verb 'to despair'.

آيسهverb

1.
To make despairboth
To cause someone to lose hope.

اتأسverb

1.
To despairclassical
To lose hope, often used in the context of 'istaf'ala' form.

واتأس أيضا — And he also despaired.

يائسadjective

1.
Despaired ofboth
Passive participle, meaning someone or something from which hope has been lost.

فيائس بمعنى ميؤوس كماء دافق بمعنى مدفوق — So 'ya'is' in the meaning of 'may'us' (despaired of), like 'dafiq' (gushing) in the meaning of 'madfuk' (gushed).

ييسروننيverb

1.
To divide meclassical
To partition or divide spoils among themselves, derived from 'yusr' (lottery/gambling).

أقول لهم بالشعب إذ ييسرونني — I say to them in the شعب (valley) as they divide me (the spoils).

يأسروننيverb

1.
To capture meclassical
To take me captive, derived from 'asr' (captivity).

ويروى يأسرونني من الأسر — And it is narrated 'ya'surunani' from captivity.

يئسverb

1.
To knowclassical
A dialectal usage meaning 'to know' or 'to be aware'.

يئس ييئس: علم مثل حسب يحسب ويحسب — 'Ya'isa' 'yuy'isu': to know, like 'hasiba' 'yahsibu' and 'yahsabu'.

أيسverb

1.
To knowclassical
A dialectal usage meaning 'to know' or 'to be aware'.

قال القاسم بن معن: يئست بمعنى علمت لغة هوازن — Al-Qasim bin Ma'n said: 'Ya'istu' meaning 'I knew' is a dialect of Hawazin.

يائسadjective

1.
Knowingclassical
Active participle, meaning one who knows or is aware, in a specific dialectal sense.

فقال: أفلم ييأسوا علما، يقول يؤيسهم العلم — He said: 'Have they not known (become aware)?' meaning, knowledge makes them aware.

إلياسname

1.
Eliasboth
A proper name, Elias.

وإلياس: اسم — And Elias: a name.

تايسواverb

1.
To despairclassical
A non-hamzated form of the verb 'to despair', found in some readings.

فلا تايسوا ، بلا همز — So do not despair, without hamza.

ايأسverb

1.
To despairclassical
A variant form of the verb 'to despair'.

Parallel reading

اليأس: القنوط، وقيل: اليأس نقيض الرجاء

Despair: is hopelessness, and it is said: despair is the opposite of hope.

يئس من الشيء ييأس وييئس؛ نادر عن سيبويه، ويئس ويؤس عنه أيضا، وهو شاذ

He despaired of a thing, he despairs (yuy'isu) and he despairs (yuy'isu); rare from Sibawayh, and he despaired (ya'isa) and he despaired (yu'usa) of it also, and this is irregular.

وإنما حذفوا كراهية الكسرة مع الياء وهو قليل

And they only omitted it out of dislike for the kasra with the ya, and this is rare.

والمصدر اليأس واليآسة واليأس، وقد استيأس وأيأسته وإنه ليائس ويئس ويؤوس ويؤس

And the masdar is al-yas, al-yasah, and al-yas, and he has despaired (istay'asa) and he caused to despair (ayya'asahu), and indeed he is despairing (ya'is) and despairing (ya'is) and despairing (yu'us) and despairing (yu'us).

وأما يئس وأيس فالأخيرة مقلوبة عن الأوس لأنه لا مصدر لأيس

As for 'ya'isa' and 'aysa', the latter is inverted from 'awsa' because 'aysa' has no masdar.

قال أبو زيد: علياء مضر تقول يحسب وينعم وييئس، وسفلاها بالفتح

Abu Zayd said: The upper class of Mudar say 'yahsibu', 'yun'imu', and 'yuy'isu', and the lower class with the fath.

وهذا عند أصحابنا إنما يجيء على لغتين يعني يئس ييأس ويأس ييئس لغتان ثم يركب منهما لغة

And this, according to our companions, only comes in two dialects, meaning 'ya'isa yuy'isu' and 'ya'isa yay'isu' are two dialects, and then a dialect is constructed from them.

وفي حديث أم معبد: لا يأس من طول أي أنه لا يؤيس من طوله لأنه كان إلى الطول أقرب منه إلى القصر

And in the hadith of Umm Ma'bad: 'La ya'sa min tul' (There is no despair from length), meaning he does not cause despair from his length because he was closer to being tall than short.

والجمع يؤوس

And the plural is 'yu'us'.

والقرآن نزل بلغة من قرأ يئس

And the Quran was revealed in the dialect of those who read 'ya'isa'.

وقد روى بعضهم عن ابن كثير أنه قرأ فلا تايسوا ، بلا همز

And some have narrated from Ibn Kathir that he recited 'fa la taysu', without hamza.

وقال الكسائي: سمعت غير قبيلة يقولون أيس يايس، بغير همز

And Al-Kisa'i said: I heard more than one tribe say 'aysa yayisu', without hamza.

أقول لهم بالشعب إذ ييسرونني: ... ألم تيأسوا أني ابن فارس زهدم؟

I say to them in the شعب (valley) as they divide me (the spoils): ... Have you not despaired (learned) that I am the son of Zahdam the valiant horseman?

يقول: ألم تعلموا، وقوله ييسرونني من أيسار الجزور أي يجتزرونني ويقتسمونني

He means: Have you not known? And his saying 'yuyassirunani' from the 'aysar' of the camel means they are butchering me and dividing me.

أفلم ييأس الذين آمنوا أن لو يشاء الله لهدى الناس جميعا ؛ أي أفلم يعلم

Have those who believed not despaired (learned) that if Allah willed, He would have guided all mankind? Meaning, have they not known?

قال أبو عبيد: كان ابن عباس يقرأ: أفلم يتبين الذين آمنوا أن لو يشاء الله لهدى الناس جميعا ؛ قال ابن عباس: كتب الكاتب أفلم ييأس الذين آمنوا، وهو ناعس

Abu Ubaid said: Ibn Abbas used to recite: 'Have those who believed not become clear that if Allah willed, He would have guided all mankind?' Ibn Abbas said: The scribe wrote 'Have those who believed not despaired?', while he was drowsy.