حفز

Root entry · 16 derived lemmas

The root حفز (ḥafaza) primarily denotes urging, pushing, or driving something from behind. It extends to concepts of hastening, accelerating, and stimulating, often in the context of movement or the passage of time. It can also describe a specific posture or a sudden, agitated movement.

Derived headwords

حَفَزَverb

1.
to urge onboth
To push or drive something from behind, to urge it forward, often with a sense of hastening.
2.
to hastenboth
To cause something to move quickly or to accelerate its progress.
3.
to stimulateclassical
To incite or provoke an action or reaction.

حفزه يحفزه حفزا — He urged him on, pushing him from behind.

حفز الليالي أمد التزييف — The passage of nights hastened the deception.

حَفْزٌnoun

1.
urgingboth
The act of pushing or driving from behind; urging forward.
2.
hasteningboth
The act of accelerating or making something happen quickly.
3.
sudden deathclassical
Sudden death, occurring unexpectedly.
4.
agitationclassical
A state of restlessness or agitation.

الحفز: الحث والإعجال — Urging: hastening and expediting.

من أشراط الساعة حفز الموت — Among the signs of the Hour is the suddenness of death.

مُحَفِّزٌadjective

1.
urgingclassical
One who urges or pushes from behind.
2.
hasteningclassical
Causing haste or acceleration.

رجل محفز: حافز — A man who urges: one who pushes.

مُحَفَّزٌadjective

1.
urgedboth
Pushed or driven from behind.
2.
hastenedboth
Made to move quickly or accelerated.
3.
agitatedclassical
In a state of distress or agitation.

يريد بعد النفس المحفوز — He wants after the intensely driven breath.

وقد حفزه النفس — And he was distressed by breathlessness.

مُحَفِّزَةٌadjective

1.
pushingclassical
Describing a mare that pushes the girth with her forelegs due to intense running.

ومحفزة الحزام بمرفقيها — And pushing the girth with her forelegs.

حَفُوزٌadjective

1.
strongclassical
Describing a bow that strongly propels or pushes the arrow.

وقوس حفوز: شديدة الحفز والدفع للسهم — And a strong bow: intensely urging and propelling the arrow.

اِحْتَفَزَverb

1.
to sit upboth
To sit up on one's haunches or buttocks, preparing to rise or move.
2.
to stirclassical
To move restlessly or become agitated.
3.
to exert oneselfclassical
To strive or exert oneself, especially in walking or moving.

احتفز وقال: لو رأيت أحدهم لعضضت بأنفه — He sat up and said: If you saw one of them, you would bite his nose.

واحتفز في مشيه: احتث واجتهد — And he exerted himself in his walking: he hastened and strived.

مُحْتَفِزٌadjective

1.
sitting upclassical
Sitting up on one's haunches, poised to move.
2.
agitatedclassical
Restless, agitated, or in a state of distress.
3.
strivingclassical
Exerting oneself, especially in movement.

ورأيته محتفزا — And I saw him sitting up.

وهو محتفز أي مستعجل مستوفز — And he was sitting up, meaning hurried and restless.

اِحْتِفَازٌnoun

1.
sitting postureclassical
A posture of sitting on one's haunches or buttocks.
2.
agitationclassical
Restlessness or agitation.

الاحتفاز والاستيفاز والإقعاء واحد — Sitting on the haunches, restlessness, and squatting are the same.

تَحَفَّزَverb

1.
to make roomclassical
To move or shift to make space for someone.

تحفز له تحفزا — He shifted to make room for him.

حافَزَverb

1.
to approachclassical
To draw near to someone, to be close to them.
2.
to jostleclassical
To push or jostle someone.

حافزت الرجل إذا جاثيته — I jostled the man if I sat close to him.

معنى حافزته دانيته — The meaning of 'I jostled him' is 'I brought him near'.

مُحافِزٌadjective

1.
approachingclassical
One who draws near or approaches.

كما بادر الخصم اللجوج المحافز — Like the persistent opponent who approaches.

حَوْفَزانname

1.
name/titleclassical
A name or title given to a man, possibly related to being spurred or hastened.

الحوفزان: اسم الحرث بن شريك الشيباني — Al-Ḥūfzān: The name of Al-Ḥārith ibn Sharīk al-Shaybānī.

حَفْزَةnoun

1.
a spurringclassical
An act of spurring or urging, especially with a spear.

فسمي بتلك الحفزة حوفزانا — So he was named Ḥūfzān because of that spurring.

حَفْزُ النَّفْسِnoun phrase

1.
breathlessnessclassical
A feeling of shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, often associated with exertion or impending death.

حفز النفس حين يدنو من الموت — The breathlessness of the soul when death approaches.

حَفْزٌ (بني سعد)noun

1.
termclassical
A set period of time, an appointed term or deadline.

والله أفعل ما أردتم طائعا ... أو تضربوا حفزا لعام قابل — And God will do what you intend willingly... or you set a term for the coming year.

Parallel reading

لها فخذان يحفزان محالة ... ودأيا، كبنيان الصوى، متلاحكا

She has two thighs that urge on a load... and move, like structures of stones, closely packed.

وفي فخذيه جناحان يحفز بهما رجليه.

And in his thighs were two wings with which he urged his legs.

مره يحفزها، رفع على أنه أراد أن يحفزها، فلما حذف أن رفع الفعل بعدها.

Urge her on, it was raised [nominative] because he intended to urge her on, and when 'an' was omitted, the verb after it was raised.

ومحفزة الحزام بمرفقيها ... كشاة الربل أفلتت الكلابا

And pushing the girth with her forelegs... like a plump sheep that escaped the wolves.

محفزة هاهنا: مفعلة من الحفز، يعني أن هذه الفرس تدفع الحزام بمرفقيها من شدة جريها.

Muḥaffizah here: is from the pattern mufaʿʿilah from al-ḥafz, meaning this mare pushes the girth with her forelegs due to the intensity of her running.

وقوس حفوز: شديدة الحفز والدفع للسهم؛ عن أبي حنيفة.

And a ḥafūz bow: intensely urging and propelling the arrow; from Abu Hanifa.

تريح بعد النفس المحفوز

It rests after the intensely driven breath.

والليل يحفز النهار حفزا: يحثه على الليل ويسوقه؛ قال رؤبة:

And the night urges on the day with a pushing: it hastens it towards the night and drives it; Ru'bah said:

حفز الليالي أمد التزييف

The passage of nights hastened the deception.

من أشراط الساعة حفز الموت، قيل: وما حفز الموت؟ قال: موت الفجأة.

Among the signs of the Hour is the suddenness of death. It was asked: And what is the suddenness of death? He said: Sudden death.

والحفز: الحث والإعجال.

And al-ḥafz: is urging and hastening.

والرجل يحتفز في جلوسه: يريد القيام والبطش بشيء.

And a man احتفز in his sitting: he intends to rise and seize something.

ابن شميل: الاحتفاز والاستيفاز والإقعاء واحد.

Ibn Shumayl said: Al-iḥtifāz, al-istīfāz, and al-iqʿāʾ are the same.

ذكر القدر عند ابن عباس، رضي الله عنه، فاحتفز وقال: لو رأيت أحدهم لعضضت بأنفه؛

The matter of predestination was mentioned before Ibn Abbas, may God be pleased with him, so he sat up and said: If you saw one of them, you would bite his nose;

احتفز استوى جالسا على وركيه؛

He sat up: he sat level on his buttocks;

قلق وشخص ضجرا، وقيل: استوى جالسا على ركبتيه كأنه ينهض.

Restless and agitated, and it was said: he sat level on his knees as if he were about to rise.

واحتفز في مشيه: احتث واجتهد؛ عن ابن الأعرابي؛

And he exerted himself in his walking: he hastened and strived; from Ibn al-Aʿrābī;

مجتبل مثل تيس الربل محتفز ... بالقصريين، على أولاه مصبوب

Lean like a plump wild goat, exerting himself... at the two Qasrayn, on his first stride pouring forth.

وكل دفع حفز.

And every push is ḥafz.

أن رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، أتي بتمر فجعل يقسمه وهو محتفز أي مستعجل مستوفز يريد القيام غير متمكن من الأرض.

That the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, was brought dates and began distributing them while he was muḥtafiz, meaning hurried and restless, intending to rise without being firmly planted on the ground.

أنه دب إلى الصف راكعا وقد حفزه النفس.

That he crawled to the row, bowing, and he was distressed by breathlessness.

ويقال: حافزت الرجل إذا جاثيته؛

And it is said: I jostled the man if I sat close to him;

كما بادر الخصم اللجوج المحافز

Like the persistent opponent who approaches.

معنى حافزته دانيته.

The meaning of 'I jostled him' is 'I brought him near'.

الحفز تقارب النفس في الصدر.

Al-ḥafz is the closeness of the breath in the chest.

حفز النفس حين يدنو من الموت.

The breathlessness of the soul when death approaches.

سمي بذلك لأن قيس بن عاصم التميمي حفزه بالرمح حين خاف أن يفوته فعرج من تلك الحفزة فسمي بتلك الحفزة حوفزانا؛

He was named thus because Qays ibn ʿĀṣim al-Tamīmī spurred him with a spear when he feared he would miss him, so he limped from that spurring, and was named Ḥūfzān from that spurring;

ونحن حفزنا الحوفزان بطعنة ...

And we spurred Al-Ḥūfzān with a stab...

حفزته بالرمح: طعنته.

I spurred him with the spear: I stabbed him.

والحوفزان: فوعلان من الحفز.

And Al-Ḥūfzān: is on the pattern fawʿalān from al-ḥafz.

ورأيته محتفزا.

And I saw him sitting up.

إذا صلى الرجل فليخو وإذا صلت المرأة فلتحتفز أي تتضام وتجتمع إذا جلست وإذا سجدت، ولا تخوي كما يخوي الرجل.

When a man prays, he should spread out [his limbs], and when a woman prays, she should contract herself, meaning she should draw together and gather when she sits and when she prostrates, and not spread out like a man.

كان يوسع لمن أتاه فإذا لم يجد متسعا تحفز له تحفزا.

He used to make room for whoever came to him, and if he did not find space, he would shift to make room for him.

والله أفعل ما أردتم طائعا ... أو تضربوا حفزا لعام قابل

And God will do what you intend willingly... or you set a term for the coming year.

يقال: جعلت بيني وبين فلان حفزا أي أمدا، والله أعلم.

It is said: I set between myself and so-and-so a ḥafz, meaning a term. And God knows best.