نفر

Root entry · 24 derived lemmas

The root 'نفر' primarily denotes movement away from something, often due to fear, aversion, or alarm. It encompasses concepts of scattering, fleeing, repelling, and also gathering or mobilizing for a cause. The root can also refer to a group of people, particularly those who mobilize.

Derived headwords

نَفَرَverb

1.
to scatter, disperseboth
To move away in different directions, to disperse, often due to fear or alarm.
2.
to flee, run awayboth
To escape from a place or situation, especially out of fear.
3.
to be repelled, to shy awayboth
To feel aversion or fear towards something, causing one to move away.
4.
to mobilize, set outboth
To gather and depart for a specific purpose, such as a military expedition or a journey.
5.
to swell, become inflamedclassical
Used for wounds or body parts that become swollen or inflamed.

نفرت الدابة تنفر — The animal shied away and ran off

نفر الظبي — The gazelle fled

نفرت العين — The eye became inflamed

نَفَارnoun

1.
scattering, fleeingboth
The act of scattering, dispersing, or fleeing, often due to fear.
2.
aversion, shynessboth
A feeling of aversion or fear that causes one to move away from something.
3.
mobilization, expeditionboth
The act of gathering and setting out for a purpose.
4.
swelling, inflammationclassical
The condition of being swollen or inflamed.

دابة نافر — An animal that shies away

كل جازع من شيء نفور — Every creature that is frightened of something is prone to flee

نَفُورadjective

1.
prone to flee, shyboth
Describing someone or something that is easily frightened and tends to flee or shy away.
2.
repellentboth
Causing aversion or fear.

دابة نفور — An animal prone to fleeing

كل أزب نفور — Every creature with a bristly coat is prone to flee

نَفَرnoun

1.
a group of people (3-10)both
A small group of men, typically numbering between three and ten.
2.
people, folkboth
A general term for people or a group of people.
3.
mobilization, expeditionboth
A group of people who mobilize or set out for a cause.

عشرة نفر — Ten men

أنفارنا — Our people

أَنْفَرَverb

1.
to cause to flee, to repelboth
To make someone or something flee or feel aversion.
2.
to cause to mobilizeboth
To incite or cause people to mobilize for a cause.
3.
to cause to swellclassical
To cause a wound or body part to swell.

أنفر بها المشركون بعيرها — The polytheists caused her camel to flee with her

أنفر الناس — To cause people to flee

مُسْتَنْفِرadjective

1.
fleeing, scatteringboth
In the state of fleeing or scattering, often in alarm.
2.
repelled, scaredboth
Caused to feel aversion or fear.

كأنهم حمر مستنفرة — As if they were startled wild donkeys

مستنفرة، بكسر الفاء، بمعنى نافرة — Mustanfirah (with kasra on the fa) meaning fleeing

مُنَفِّرadjective

1.
repellentboth
Causing aversion, fear, or repulsion.
2.
causing to fleeboth
That which causes others to flee.

مستنفرة، بفتح الفاء، فمعناها منفرة — Mustanfirah (with fatha on the fa) means causing to flee

إن منكم منفرين — Indeed, among you are those who cause others to flee

اسْتَنْفَرَverb

1.
to flee, to be scatteredboth
To flee or become scattered, often used reflexively.
2.
to seek help, to call to armsboth
To call upon others for help or support, especially in a military context.
3.
to cause to fleeboth
To make something flee or run away.

استنفر الوحش — The wild animal fled

وإذا استنفرتم فانفروا — And when you are called to mobilize, then mobilize

نَفِيرnoun

1.
mobilization, expeditionboth
A gathering and departure of people for a cause, especially a military one.
2.
a group of peopleboth
A group or multitude of people, similar to 'nafar'.
3.
call to armsboth
The act of calling people to arms or for support.

نفير قريش — The mobilization of Quraysh

الاستنفار: الاستنجاد والاستنصار — Al-istinfar: seeking help and support

نَفْرَةnoun

1.
aversion, repulsionboth
A feeling of aversion, dislike, or repulsion.
2.
a group of peopleboth
A group of people, similar to 'nafar' and 'nafeer'.
3.
swellingclassical
The condition of swelling or inflammation.

نفرة الرجل — A man's aversion

نفرة الحي — The group of the tribe

تَنَافَرَverb

1.
to go away, to departboth
To leave or depart, often in a group.
2.
to compete in pride, to vieclassical
To engage in boasting or rivalry, often in terms of lineage or status.

تنافروا: ذهبوا — They departed: they went

تنافر الرجلان — The two men vied with each other

تَنْفِيرnoun

1.
repulsion, causing aversionboth
The act of causing someone to feel aversion or to move away.
2.
mobilizationboth
The act of mobilizing people.

التنفير عنه — Causing aversion from it

تنفيراً للجن والعين عنه — As a means of warding off jinn and the evil eye

مُنَافَرَةnoun

1.
rivalry, boastingclassical
A contest of pride or boasting, especially concerning lineage or status.
2.
litigation, arbitrationclassical
A dispute or legal contest where parties submit to a judge or arbitrator.

المنافرة: المفاخرة والمحاكمة — Al-munāfarah: boasting and litigation

يوم نفورة — A day of arbitration

نَفَرَهُverb

1.
to overcome, to defeatclassical
To overcome or defeat someone in a contest or dispute.

نافره فنفره — He competed with him and defeated him

نَفَّرَverb

1.
to cause to flee, to repelboth
To cause someone or something to flee or feel aversion.
2.
to judge againstclassical
For a judge to rule against one party in favor of another.

نفر الحاكم أحدهما على صاحبه — The judge ruled against one of them in favor of the other

نَفَّارadjective

1.
very shy, easily frightenedclassical
Extremely prone to fleeing or being startled.

ظبي نيفور — A gazelle that is very shy

نَفَارَةnoun

1.
what the victor takesclassical
The spoils or prize taken by the victor in a contest.
2.
what the judge takesclassical
A fee or payment taken by a judge or arbitrator.

النفارة: ما أخذ النافر من المنفور — Al-naffārah: what the victor takes from the vanquished

نَفَرَةnoun

1.
family, kinboth
One's immediate family, household, or close kin.
2.
group of men (3-10)both
A small group of men, typically between three and ten.

نفرة الرجل أسرته — A man's 'nafrah' is his family

جاءنا في نفرته — He came to us with his family

نَفُورَةnoun

1.
family, kinboth
One's family or close kin.
2.
contest, arbitrationclassical
A dispute or contest, particularly one involving boasting or legal judgment.

غلبت نفورتنا نفورتهم — Our group overcame their group

يوم نفورة — A day of contest or arbitration

نَافَرَverb

1.
to compete in pride, to vieclassical
To engage in a contest of boasting or superiority.
2.
to litigate, to arbitrateclassical
To engage in a legal dispute or seek arbitration.
3.
to overcome, to defeatclassical
To overcome or defeat someone in a contest.

نافر الرجل منافرة — The man engaged in boasting/litigation

نافر أخي أنيس فلانا الشاعر — My brother Anis competed with the poet so-and-so

نَافِرadjective

1.
fleeing, shyboth
One that flees, runs away, or is easily startled.
2.
victorious, dominantclassical
The one who overcomes or wins in a contest.

دابة نافرة — A shy or fleeing animal

النافر: الغالب — The nāfir: the victor

نَفَرِيّadjective

1.
wicked, maliciousclassical
Describing someone as wicked, malicious, or rebellious.

رجل عفر نفري — A wicked and rebellious man

إن الله يبغض العفرية النفرية — Indeed, Allah detests the wicked and rebellious

نَفَائِرnoun

1.
sparrowsclassical
A colloquial term for sparrows.

النفائر العصافير — Al-nafā'ir: sparrows

نَفَرَnoun

1.
day of departureboth
The day when people depart from a place, especially after a pilgrimage.

يوم النفر — The day of departure

يوم النفر الأول — The first day of departure

Parallel reading

لقيته قبل كل صيح ونفر

I met him before any shouting and scattering.

نفرت الدابة تنفر نفارا

The animal shied away and fled with a strong aversion.

كل جازع من شيء نفور

Every creature that is frightened of something is prone to flee.

إنما هو اسم لجمع نافر كصاحب وصحب

It is only a name for a جمع (group) of nāfir (those who flee), like ṣāḥib and ṣaḥb.

نفر بنا في سفر مع رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم

He mobilized us on a journey with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

أنفرنا أي تفرقت إبلنا

Anfarnā means our camels scattered.

فأنفر بها المشركون بعيرها حتى سقطت

So the polytheists caused her camel to flee with her until she fell.

نفر الظبي وغيره نفرا ونفرانا: شرد

The gazelle and others fled and ran away: they became wild.

استنفر الدابة: كنفر

To cause the animal to flee: is like 'nafara'.

الاستنفار عن الشيء والتنفير عنه والاستنفار كله بمعنى

Seeking to move away from something, causing aversion from it, and seeking mobilization are all synonymous.

كأنهم حمر مستنفرة فرت من قسورة

As if they were startled wild donkeys fleeing from a lion.

بشروا ولا تنفروا

Give good news and do not cause aversion.

إن منكم منفرين

Indeed, among you are those who cause others to flee.

لا تنفر الناس

Do not cause people to flee.

اشترط لمن أقطعه أرضا أن لا ينفر ماله

He stipulated to whoever he granted land that he would not drive away his livestock.

استنفر القوم فنفروا معه وأنفروه أي نصروه ومدوه

The people were called to mobilize, so they mobilized with him, and they supported and aided him.

وإذا استنفرتم فانفروا

And when you are called to mobilize, then mobilize.

الاستنفار: الاستنجاد والاستنصار

Al-istinfār: seeking help and support.

نفر القوم جماعتهم الذين ينفرون في الأمر

The 'nafar' of the people are their group who mobilize for the matter.

نفير قريش: الذين كانوا نفروا إلى بدر ليمنعوا عير أبي سفيان

The nafeer of Quraysh: those who mobilized to Badr to protect Abu Sufyan's caravan.

فلان لا في العير ولا في النفير

So-and-so is neither in the caravan nor in the mobilization.

استنفر الإمام الناس لجهاد العدو فنفروا

The Imam called the people to jihad against the enemy, so they mobilized.

نفر الحاج من منى نفرا

The pilgrims departed from Mina in a departure.

وهو يوم النفر والنفر والنفور والنفير

And it is the day of departure, the day of departure, the day of fleeing, and the day of mobilization.

قال: عشرة نفر

He said: ten men.

النفريت إتباع للعفريت وتوكيد

Al-nafreet is an echo of al-'ifreet and an emphasis.

إن الله يبغض العفرية النفرية

Indeed, Allah detests the wicked and rebellious.

نفر عنه أي لقبه لقبا كأنه عندهم تنفير للجن والعين عنه

He gave him a nickname, as if it were a means of warding off jinn and the evil eye from him.

فنفر فوه، فنهى عن التخلل بالقصب

So his mouth became inflamed, and he prohibited using reeds for cleaning teeth.

فنفرت أي ورمت

So it became inflamed, meaning it swelled.

نافره فنفره ينفره، بالضم لا غير، أي غلبه

He competed with him and he defeated him, with dammah only, meaning he overcame him.

وجعلناكم أكثر نفيرا

And We made you more in number (or helpers).