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عير

Root entry · 21 derived lemmas

The root عير (ʿ-y-r) primarily relates to the concept of carrying, especially goods or provisions, and by extension, a caravan or the animals that transport them. It also extends to meanings of defect, blemish, and shame, as well as borrowing and lending.

Derived headwords

عَيْرnoun
  1. 1.
    caravanclassical

    A caravan, especially one carrying provisions or goods. It can refer to the group of animals or the collective entity.

  2. 2.
    transport animalsclassical

    Camels, donkeys, or mules used for carrying loads, regardless of whether they are currently loaded.

  3. 3.
    loadclassical

    The load or burden carried by animals.

عِيْرnoun
  1. 1.
    defect, blemishclassical

    A fault, flaw, or defect, often something that causes shame or reproach.

  2. 2.
    shame, reproachclassical

    A cause for shame, disgrace, or reproach.

عَيَّرَverb
  1. 1.
    to reproach, to shameboth

    To blame, reproach, or shame someone, often by pointing out a defect or fault.

  2. 2.
    to lendclassical

    To lend something, to grant the use of something temporarily.

تَعْيِيرnoun
  1. 1.
    reproachingclassical

    The act of blaming or reproaching someone.

  2. 2.
    lendingclassical

    The act of lending.

مُسْتَعِيرnoun
  1. 1.
    borrowerboth

    One who borrows something.

  2. 2.
    fat horseclassical

    A fat or well-fed horse.

عَارnoun
  1. 1.
    shame, disgraceboth

    Shame, disgrace, or ignominy; a blemish or defect that brings reproach.

  2. 2.
    defect, blemishclassical

    A fault or defect, something that is a source of shame.

أَعْيَارnoun
  1. 1.
    defects, blemishesclassical

    Plural of عار (ʿār), referring to faults, defects, or blemishes.

تَعَايَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to reproach each otherclassical

    When a group of people reproach or blame each other.

  2. 2.
    to have defectsclassical

    When people mutually point out each other's flaws or defects.

عَارِيَةnoun
  1. 1.
    loan, borrowed itemboth

    Something lent or borrowed; a loan.

  2. 2.
    borrowingclassical

    The act of lending or borrowing.

مُعَارadjective
  1. 1.
    fattened (horse)classical

    A horse that has been fattened or made to gain weight.

  2. 2.
    tail-clipped (horse)classical

    A horse whose tail has been plucked or trimmed.

  3. 3.
    energetic (horse)classical

    A horse that is spirited, energetic, or runs freely.

أَعَارَverb
  1. 1.
    to lendboth

    To lend something to someone.

  2. 2.
    to fatten (a horse)classical

    To make a horse fat or well-fed.

عُيَيْرnoun
  1. 1.
    loner, solitary personclassical

    Someone who is solitary, acts alone, or is self-reliant, often with a connotation of being stubborn or weak.

  2. 2.
    person of low characterclassical

    A person who is contemptible or of low standing, often associated with eating alone.

عَيُورnoun
  1. 1.
    caravanclassical

    A caravan, similar to عَيْر (ʿayr), often referring to a large group of animals.

عَيْرname
  1. 1.
    name of a mountainclassical

    A proper name for a mountain, particularly in the vicinity of Medina.

  2. 2.
    name of a valleyclassical

    A proper name for a valley, often described as fertile or, conversely, desolate.

مُعَيِّرnoun
  1. 1.
    one who fattensclassical

    One who fattens an animal, particularly a horse.

تَعَوَّرَverb
  1. 1.
    to seek provisionsclassical

    To seek provisions or goods, to engage in trade.

مُعَايِرnoun
  1. 1.
    flaws, defectsclassical

    Plural of مَعِيب (maʿīb), referring to flaws, defects, or blemishes.

تَعَايُرnoun
  1. 1.
    mutual reproachclassical

    The act of people reproaching each other.

  2. 2.
    mutual fault-findingclassical

    The act of people pointing out each other's defects.

عَيَّارnoun
  1. 1.
    a type of birdclassical

    A bird resembling a pigeon, with specific physical characteristics.

تَعَارname
  1. 1.
    name of a mountainclassical

    A proper name for a mountain.

مُعِيرnoun
  1. 1.
    one who lendsclassical

    One who lends something.

Parallel reading

والعير، مؤنثة: القافلة، وقيل: العير الإبل التي تحمل الميرة، لا واحد لها من لفظها.
And al-ʿayr, feminine: the caravan; and it was said: al-ʿayr are the camels that carry provisions, with no singular from its form.
وفي التنزيل: ولما فصلت العير ؛
And in the Revelation: 'And when the caravan set out';
زعموا أن كل من ضرب العير بكسر العين.
They claim that everyone who struck al-ʿayr (with the eye vowel kasra).
قال: والعير الإبل، أي كل من ركب الإبل موال لنا أي العرب كلهم موال لنا من أسفل لأنا أسرنا فيهم فلنا نعم عليهم؛
He said: And al-ʿayr are the camels, meaning everyone who rode the camels is our client, meaning all Arabs are our clients from below, because we took them captive, so we have favor over them;
والجمع عيرات، قال سيبويه: جمعوه بالألف والتاء لمكان التأنيث وحركوا الياء لمكان الجمع بالتاء وكونه اسما فأجمعوا على لغة هذيل لأنهم يقولون جوزات وبيضات.
And the plural is ʿayrāt. Sibawayh said: They pluralized it with alif and ta' because of its feminine gender, and they moved the ya' because of the plural with ta' and its status as a noun, so they agreed on the dialect of Hudhayl because they say jawzāt and bayḍāt.
وقد قال بعضهم عيرات، بالإسكان، ولم يكسر على البناء الذي يكسر عليه مثله، جعلوا التاء عوضا من ذلك، كما فعلوا ذلك في أشياء كثيرة لأنهم مما يستغنون بالألف والتاء عن التكسير، وبعكس ذلك،
And some of them have said ʿayrāt, with sukun, and they did not break it according to the pattern on which similar words are broken, making the ta' a substitute for that, just as they did that for many things because they dispense with broken plurals by using alif and ta', and vice versa,
والعير: كل ما امتير عليه من الإبل والحمير والبغال، فهو عير؛
And al-ʿayr: everything on which provisions are transported, whether camels, donkeys, or mules, is an ʿayr;
أهكذا لا ثلة ولا لبن؟ ... ولا يزكين إذا الدين اطمأن، مفلطحات الروث يأكلن الدمن، ... لا بد أن يخترن مني بين أن يسقن عيرا، أو يبعن بالثمن
Is it like this, no flock and no milk? ... And they do not grow fat when the debt is settled, broad-rumped with dung, eating refuse, ... They must choose from me between driving a caravan, or being sold for a price.
وقال نصير الإبل لا تكون عيرا حتى يمتار عليها.
And Naṣīr said: Camels are not considered ʿayr until provisions are transported on them.
العير من الإبل ما كان عليه حمله أو لم يكن.
Al-ʿayr from the camels is that which had its load or did not.
أنه كان يشتري العير حكرة، ثم يقول: من يربحني عقلها؟
That he used to buy al-ʿayr in hoarding, then he would say: Who will profit me its ransom?
العير: الإبل بأحمالها.
Al-ʿayr: the camels with their loads.
فعل من عار يعير إذا سار، وقيل: هي قافلة الحمير، وكثرت حتى سميت بها كل قافلة، فكل قافلة عير كأنها جمع عير، وكان قياسها أن يكون فعلا، بالضم، كسقف في سقف إلا أنه حوفظ على الياء بالكسرة نحو عين.
A verb from ʿāra yaʿīru if it travels. And it was said: it is a caravan of donkeys, and it became common until every caravan was named after it, so every caravan is an ʿayr as if it were a plural of ʿayr, and its pattern should have been fuʿal, with damma, like saqf for saqf, except that the ya' was preserved with a kasra, like ʿayn.
أنهم كانوا يترصدون عيرات قريش ؛ هو جمع عير، يريد إبلهم ودوابهم التي كانوا يتاجرون عليها.
That they used to lie in wait for the caravans of Quraysh; it is the plural of ʿayr, meaning their camels and their beasts on which they used to trade.
أجاز لها العيرات ؛ هي جمع عير أيضا؛
He allowed her the caravans; it is also the plural of ʿayr;
وأتت النمل القرى بعيرها، ... من حسك التلع ومن خافورها
And the ants came to the villages with their caravans, ... from the thorns of the hills and from their roots.
وفلان عيير وحده إذا انفرد بأمره، وهو في الذم، كقولك، نسيج وحده، في المدح.
And so-and-so is ʿuyayr alone if he handles his affairs by himself, and this is in dispraise, like saying 'a unique weave' in praise.
وقال ثعلب: عيير وحده أي يأكل وحده.
And Tha'lab said: ʿuyayr alone means he eats alone.
فلان عيير وحده وجحيش وحده. وهما اللذان لا يشاوران الناس ولا يخالطانهم وفيهما مع ذلك مهانة وضعف.
So-and-so is ʿuyayr alone and juhaysh alone. And they are those who do not consult people nor mix with them, and in them, besides that, is weakness and frailty.
وهو المعجب برأيه، وإن شئت كسرت أوله مثل شييخ وشييخ، ولا تقل: عوير ولا شويخ.
And he is the one who admires his own opinion, and if you wish, you can break the first letter like shiyaykh and shiyaykh, but do not say: ʿuwayr or shuwīkh.
والعار: السبة والعيب، وقيل: هو كل شيء يلزم به سبة أو عيب، والجمع أعيار.
And al-ʿār: the reproach and the defect. And it was said: it is everything by which a reproach or defect is incurred, and the plural is aʿyār.
ويقال: فلان ظاهر الأعيار أي ظاهر العيوب؛
And it is said: So-and-so is outwardly apparent in his defects, meaning outwardly apparent in his flaws;
دنس المروءة ظاهر الأعيار
Defiled in chivalry, apparent in his defects.
كأنه مما يعير به، والفعل منه التعيير، ومن هذا قيل: هم يتعيرون من جيرانهم الماعون والأمتعة؛
As if it is something by which he is shamed, and the verb from it is taʿyīr, and from this it is said: they seek to borrow from their neighbors utensils and goods;
وكلام العرب يتعورون، بالواو، وقد عيره الأمر؛
And the speech of the Arabs is yataʿawwarūn, with a waw, and the matter has shamed him;
وعيرتني بنو ذبيان خشيته، ... وهل علي بأن أخشاك من عار؟
And the sons of Dhibyan shamed me with his fear, ... And is it a shame upon me that I fear you?
وتعاير القوم: عير بعضهم بعضا، والعامة تقول: عيره بكذا.
And the people mutually reproached: one of them reproached the other, and the common people say: he shamed him with such-and-such.
والمعاير: المعايب؛ يقال: عاره إذا عابه؛
And al-maʿāyir: the defects; it is said: he shamed him if he defected him;
لعمرك ما بالموت عار على امرئ، ... إذا لم تصبه في الحياة المعاير
By your life, death is no shame for a person, ... if the defects do not befall him in life.
وتعاير القوم: تعايبوا.
And the people mutually reproached: they found fault with each other.
والعارية: المنيحة، ذهب بعضهم إلى أنها من العار، وهو قويل ضعيف، وإنما غرهم منه قولهم يتعيرون العواري، وليس على وضعه إنما هي معاقبة من الواو إلى الياء.
And al-ʿāriyah: the gift. Some have gone to the extent that it is from al-ʿār, and this is a weak saying, and they were only misled by their saying 'they seek to borrow' the borrowed items, and it is not in its proper place, but rather it is a substitution from waw to ya'.
سميت العارية عارية لأنها عار على من طلبها.
The borrowed item is called ʿāriyah because it is a shame upon the one who requests it.
أن امرأة مخزومية كانت تستعير المتاع وتجحده فأمر بها فقطعت يدها ؛ الاستعارة من العارية، وهي معروفة.
That a Makhzumite woman used to borrow goods and deny them, so she was ordered and her hand was cut off; borrowing is from al-ʿāriyah, and it is well-known.
وذهب إسحاق إلى القول بظاهر هذا الحديث، وقال أحمد: لا أعلم شيئا يدفعه؛
And Ishaq adhered to the apparent meaning of this hadith, and Ahmad said: I know nothing that refutes it;
وإنما قطعت المخزومية لأنها سرقت، وذلك بين في رواية عائشة لهذا الحديث؛
And the Makhzumite woman was only cut off because she stole, and this is clear in Aisha's narration of this hadith;
وإنما ذكرت الاستعارة والجحد في هذه القصة تعريفا لها بخاص صفتها إذ كانت الاستعارة والجحد معروفة بها ومن عادتها، كما عرفت بأنها مخزومية، إلا أنها لما استمر بها هذا الصنيع ترقت إلى السرقة، واجترأت عليها، فأمر بها فقطعت.
And the borrowing and denial were only mentioned in this story to identify her by her specific characteristic, as borrowing and denial were known of her and her habit, just as she was known as Makhzumite. However, when this practice continued with her, she escalated to theft and dared to commit it, so she was ordered and her hand was cut off.
والمستعير: السمين من الخيل.
And al-mustaʿīr: the fat one among horses.
والمعار: المسمن. يقال: أعرت الفرس أسمنته؛
And al-muʿār: the fattened one. It is said: I made the horse muʿār, meaning I fattened it;
أعيروا خيلكم ثم اركضوها، ... أحق الخيل بالركض المعار
Fatten your horses then race them, ... The most deserving of horses for racing is the fattened one.
ومنهم من قال: المعار المنتوف الذنب، وقال قوم: المعار المضمر المقدح، وقيل: المضمر المعار لأن طريقة متنه نتأت فصار لها عير ناتئ،
And some of them said: al-muʿār is the one with the plucked tail. And some people said: al-muʿār is the one trained intensely. And it was said: the trained one is al-muʿār because the ridge of its back protruded, so it had a protruding ridge.
لأن المعار يهان بالابتذال ولا يشفق عليه شفقة صاحبه؛
Because the muʿār is humbled by being overworked and is not treated with the same compassion as its owner;
إن معنى أعيروها أي ضمروها بترديدها، من عار يعير، إذا ذهب وجاء.
The meaning of aʿīrūhā is to train them by making them go and come, from ʿāra yaʿīru, if it goes and comes.
والمعار الذي يحيد عن الطريق براكبه كما يقال حاد عن الطريق؛
And al-muʿār is the one that deviates from the path with its rider, just as it is said 'he deviated from the path';
وعار الفرس أي انفلت وذهب هاهنا وهاهنا من المرح، وأعاره صاحبه، فهو معار؛
And the horse ʿāra, meaning it bolted and went here and there from exuberance, and its owner made it muʿār; so it is muʿār;
أحق الخيل بالركض المعار
The most deserving of horses for racing is the muʿār.
والناس يرونه المعار من العارية، وهو خطأ؛
And people consider it al-muʿār from al-ʿāriyah, and this is an error;
وجدنا في كتاب بني تميم: ... أحق الخيل بالركض المعار
We found in the book of Banu Tamim: ... The most deserving of horses for racing is al-muʿār.
وعير السراة: طائر كهيئة الحمامة قصير الرجلين مسرولهما أصفر الرجلين والمنقار أكحل العينين صافي اللون إلى الخضرة أصفر البطن وما تحت جناحيه وباطن ذنبه كأنه برد وشي، ويجمع عيور السراة، والسراة موضع بناحية الطائف، ويزعمون أن هذا الطائر يأكل ثلثمائة تينة من حين تطلع من الورق صغارا وكذلك العنب.
And ʿayr al-Surāh: a bird resembling a pigeon, short-legged, its legs and beak yellow, its eyes kohl-lined, its color clear towards green, its belly and what is under its wings and the inside of its tail yellow, like a brocade or embroidered cloth. And its plural is ʿuyūr al-Surāh. And al-Surāh is a place in the vicinity of Ta'if, and they claim that this bird eats three hundred figs from when they emerge small from the leaves, as well as grapes.
والعير: اسم رجل كان له واد مخصب، وقيل: هو اسم موضع خصيب غيره الدهر فأقفر، فكانت العرب تستوحشه وتضرب به المثل في البلد الوحش، وقيل: هو اسم واد؛
And al-ʿayr: the name of a man who had a fertile valley. And it was said: it is the name of a fertile place that time changed and made desolate, so the Arabs used to find it desolate and use it as a proverb for a desolate land. And it was said: it is the name of a valley;
واد، كجوف العير، قفر مضلة، ... قطعت بسام ساهم الوجه حسان
A valley, like the hollow of al-ʿayr, desolate and misleading, ... I crossed with Bassam, the handsome one with a thoughtful face.
قوله كجوف العير، أي كوادي العير وكل واد عند العرب: جوف.
His saying 'like the hollow of al-ʿayr', meaning like the valley of al-ʿayr, and every valley among the Arabs is a 'jawf' (hollow).
ويقال للموضع الذي لا خير فيه: هو كجوف عير لأنه لا شيء في جوفه ينتفع به؛ ويقال: أصله قولهم أخلى من جوف حمار.
And it is said of a place where there is no good: it is like the hollow of ʿayr because there is nothing in its hollow that can be benefited from; and it is said: its origin is their saying 'emptier than the hollow of a donkey'.
قال رجل: أغتال محمدا ثم آخذ في عير عدوي أي أمضي فيه وأجعله طريقي وأهرب؛
A man said: I will assassinate Muhammad, then I will take the path of my enemy, meaning I will go through it and make it my route and escape;
بأعلام مركوز فعير فعزب، ... مغاني أم الوبر إذ هي ما هيا
By marked landmarks, then ʿayr, then ʿazab, ... the dwelling places of Umm al-Wabar when they were thus.
أنه حرم ما بين عير إلى ثور ؛ هما جبلان،
That he prohibited what is between ʿayr and Thawr; they are two mountains,
ولعل الحديث ما بين عير إلى أحد، وقيل: بمكة أيضا جبل يقال له عير.
And perhaps the hadith is between ʿayr and Uḥud. And it was said: In Mecca also there is a mountain called ʿayr.
وابنة معير الداهية. وبنات معير: الدواهي؛ يقال: لقيت منه ابنة معير؛ يريدون الداهية والشدة.
And the daughter of Muʿayyir: the cunning one. And the daughters of Muʿayyir: the calamities; it is said: I met from him the daughter of Muʿayyir; meaning the calamity and the severity.
وتعار، بكسر التاء: اسم جبل؛
And Taʿār, with a kasra on the ta': the name of a mountain;
وشابة، عن شمائلها تعار
And Shābah, from its north side is Taʿār.
كأن ظباء أسنمة عليها ... كوانس، قالصا عنها المغار
As if gazelles with humps upon them ... are resting, their hiding places far from them.
المغار: أماكن الظباء، وهي كنسها.
Al-maghār: the places of gazelles, and they are their hiding places.
وشابة وتعار: جبلان في بلاد قيس.
And Shābah and Taʿār: two mountains in the lands of Qays.
وأروم وشابة: موضعان.
And Arūm and Shābah: two places.