صهر

Root entry · 23 derived lemmas

The root صهر (ṣ-h-r) primarily relates to kinship through marriage, encompassing in-laws and relatives by marriage. It also extends to the concept of intense heat, melting, and burning, both literally and metaphorically, including the idea of being consumed by fire or heat.

Derived headwords

الصِّهْرnoun

1.
Kinship by marriageboth
The relationship established through marriage, encompassing in-laws and relatives by marriage.
2.
In-lawsboth
Specifically refers to the relatives of one's spouse, particularly the wife's family.
3.
Graveclassical
Metaphorically used to refer to the grave, due to the historical practice of burying daughters alive.

صاهَرَverb

1.
To marry into a familyboth
To establish a kinship tie through marriage, especially by marrying into a family or having one's family marry into another.
2.
To become related by marriageboth
To become connected to a group of people through marriage, forming affinal ties.

صاهرت القوم إذا تزوجت فيهم — To marry into a family means to marry among them.

حرائر صاهرن الملوك — Noble women married into royal families.

أَصْهَرَverb

1.
To become related by marriageboth
To become connected to a group of people through marriage, forming affinal ties.
2.
To become related through in-lawsboth
To become connected to a family through marriage, specifically through the in-laws.
3.
To die from heatclassical
To perish or suffer greatly from intense heat.

أصهرت بهم إذا اتصلت بهم وتحرمت بجوار أو نسب أو تزوج — To become related to them means to connect with them and become forbidden through proximity, lineage, or marriage.

أصهر بهم الختن — The father-in-law became related to them.

صَهْرnoun

1.
Meltingboth
The process of becoming liquid due to heat.
2.
Intense heatboth
Extreme heat, often to the point of causing damage or discomfort.
3.
Burningboth
The act or effect of being burned or consumed by heat.

صَهَرَverb

1.
To meltboth
To cause a substance to become liquid by heating it.
2.
To burn intenselyboth
To be intensely affected by heat, to the point of suffering or damage.

صهرته الشمس فما ينصهر — The sun melted it, yet it did not melt.

يصهر به ما في بطونهم والجلود — That which is in their bellies and their skins will be melted by it.

انْصَهَرَverb

1.
To meltboth
To become liquid as a result of heat.
2.
To be consumed by heatboth
To suffer greatly or be destroyed by intense heat.

تصهره الشمس فما ينصهر — The sun melts it, yet it does not melt.

الصَّهَارَةnoun

1.
Melted fatboth
Fat that has been melted down.
2.
Piece of meatclassical
A piece of meat, whether small or large.

اصْطَهَرَverb

1.
To melt and eatclassical
To melt something and then consume it.
2.
To cause to shimmerclassical
To make something shimmer or glisten, especially due to heat.

شك السفافيد الشواء المصطهر — The skewers of the roasted meat that was melted (or cooked until glistening).

مُصْهَرadjective

1.
Meltedboth
Having been melted by heat.
2.
Cooked with melted fatboth
Food prepared with melted fat.

خبز مصهور — Bread cooked with melted fat.

صَهِيْرnoun

1.
Melted fatboth
Fat that has been melted, used for cooking or anointing.
2.
Anointed with fatboth
Describing something that has been greased or anointed with melted fat.

أن الأسود كان يصهر رجليه بالشحم وهو محرم — Al-Aswad used to anoint his legs with fat while in the state of Ihram.

الصَّهْرُورnoun

1.
Platformclassical
A type of platform made of clay or wood, used to place household items on.

الصَّاهُورnoun

1.
Lunar haloclassical
The halo around the moon.

الصَّهْرِيجnoun

1.
Reservoirboth
A cistern or reservoir, often built in a valley to collect water.

تصهرجوا صهريا — They built a reservoir.

مُصَاهِرnoun

1.
In-lawboth
A relative by marriage.

صَهْدverb

1.
To burn intenselyboth
To be intensely heated or burned by the sun.

تصهرها الشمس فما ينصهر — The sun burns it intensely, yet it does not melt.

صَهْدَةnoun

1.
Intense heatboth
Extreme heat, especially from the sun.

صَهَرَverb

1.
To bring nearclassical
To draw something close or bring it near.

يدنيه إليه، يقال: صهره وأصهره إذا قربه وأدناه — He draws it near to him; it is said: he drew it near and he brought it near.

أَصْهَرَverb

1.
To bring nearclassical
To draw something close or bring it near.

يدنيه إليه، يقال: صهره وأصهره إذا قربه وأدناه — He draws it near to him; it is said: he drew it near and he brought it near.

صِهَارnoun

1.
Meltingclassical
The act of melting.

صَهَارَةnoun

1.
Melted fatboth
Fat that has been melted.
2.
Piece of meatclassical
A piece of meat, small or large.

صَهَرَهُverb

1.
To melt itboth
To cause something to melt.

يصهر به ما في بطونهم والجلود — That which is in their bellies and their skins will be melted by it.

صَهْرَةnoun

1.
Heatclassical
Intense heat.

صَهْرِيnoun

1.
Reservoirclassical
A variant pronunciation or spelling of 'ṣihrīj' (reservoir).

Parallel reading

القرابة.

Kinship.

والصهر: حرمة الختونة، وختن الرجل صهره، والمتزوج فيهم أصهار الختن، والأصهار أهل بيت المرأة ولا يقال لأهل بيت الرجل إلا أختان، وأهل بيت المرأة أصهار، ومن العرب من يجعل الصهر من الأحماء والأختان جميعا.

And kinship by marriage is the sanctity of the father-in-law relationship. The father-in-law of a man is his son-in-law's father-in-law. Those married among them are the in-laws of the father-in-law. And the 'aṣhār' are the family of the woman. It is not said of the man's family except 'akhtān'. And the family of the woman are 'aṣhār'. And some of the Arabs consider 'ṣihr' to encompass both 'aḥmā'' (paternal in-laws) and 'akhtān' (maternal in-laws).

يقال: صاهرت القوم إذا تزوجت فيهم، وأصهرت بهم إذا اتصلت بهم وتحرمت بجوار أو نسب أو تزوج.

It is said: 'ṣāhartu al-qawm' if you marry among them, and 'aṣhertu bihim' if you connect with them and become forbidden through proximity, lineage, or marriage.

وصهر القوم: ختنهم، والجمع أصهار وصهراء؛ الأخيرة نادرة، وقيل: أهل بيت المرأة أصهار وأهل بيت الرجل أختان.

And 'ṣahara al-qawm' means their father-in-law. The plural is 'aṣhār' and 'ṣahra'' (rare). It is said: the family of the woman are 'aṣhār' and the family of the man are 'akhtān'.

وقال ابن الأعرابي: الصهر زوج بنت الرجل وزوج أخته.

And Ibn al-A'rabi said: 'Aṣ-ṣihr' is the husband of a man's daughter and the husband of his sister.

والختن أبو امرأة الرجل وأخو امرأته، ومن العرب من يجعلهم أصهارا كلهم وصهرا، والفعل المصاهرة، وقد صاهرهم وصاهر فيهم؛ وأنشد ثعلب: حرائر صاهرن الملوك، ولم يزل ... على الناس، من أبنائهن، أمير

And 'al-khatn' is the father of a man's wife and the brother of his wife. And some of the Arabs consider them all to be 'aṣhār' and 'ṣihr'. The verbal noun is 'al-muṣāharah'. He has married into their families and married among them. Tha'lab recited: Noble women married into royal families, and there has always been... among the people, from their offspring, a prince.

وأصهر بهم وإليهم: صار فيهم صهرا؛ وفي التهذيب: أصهر بهم الختن.

And 'aṣhara bihim wa ilayhim': to become related to them as a son-in-law; and in Al-Tahdhib: 'aṣhara bihim al-khatn' (the father-in-law became related to them).

الأصمعي: الأحماء من قبل الزوج والأختان من قبل المرأة والصهر يجمعهما، قال: لا يقال غيره.

Al-Asma'i said: 'Al-aḥmā'' are from the husband's side, and 'al-akhtān' are from the wife's side, and 'aṣ-ṣihr' encompasses both. He said: nothing else is said.

قال ابن سيده: وربما كنوا بالصهر عن القبر لأنهم كانوا يئدون البنات فيدفنونهن، فيقولون: زوجناهن من القبر، ثم استعمل هذا اللفظ في الإسلام فقيل: نعم الصهر القبر، وقيل: إنما هذا على المثل أي الذي يقوم مقام الصهر، قال: وهو الصحيح.

Ibn Sidah said: And sometimes 'aṣ-ṣihr' is used metaphorically for the grave because they used to bury daughters alive and then say: 'We married them to the grave.' Then this term was used in Islam, and it was said: 'The grave is a good in-law.' It is said that this is a metaphor, meaning that which stands in place of an in-law. He said: And this is the correct interpretation.

أبو عبيد: يقال فلان مصهر بنا، وهو من القرابة؛ قال زهير: قود الجياد، وإصهار الملوك، وصبر ... في مواطن، لو كانوا بها سئموا

Abu Ubayd said: It is said, 'So-and-so is related to us by marriage,' and it is a kinship. Zuhayr said: Leading the swift steeds, and the kinship of kings, and patience... in situations where they would have become weary.

فأما النسب فهو النسب الذي يحل نكاحه كبنات العم والخال وأشباههن من القرابة التي يحل تزويجها، وقال الزجاج: الأصهار من النسب لا يجوز لهم التزويج، والنسب الذي ليس بصهر من قوله: حرمت عليكم أمهاتكم ... إلى قوله: وأن تجمعوا بين الأختين؛ قال أبو منصور: وقد روينا عن ابن عباس في تفسير النسب والصهر خلاف ما قال الفراء جملة وخلاف بعض ما قال الزجاج.

As for lineage, it is the lineage whose marriage is permissible, such as the daughters of paternal uncles and maternal uncles, and similar relatives whose marriage is permissible. And Al-Zajjaj said: 'Al-aṣhār' are from the lineage whose marriage is forbidden. And the lineage that is not 'ṣihr' is from the verse: 'Forbidden to you are your mothers... up to the verse: and that you combine two sisters.' Abu Mansur said: We have narrated from Ibn Abbas regarding the interpretation of lineage and 'ṣihr' a view contrary to what Al-Farra' said entirely, and contrary to some of what Al-Zajjaj said.

قال ابن عباس: حرم الله من النسب سبعا ومن الصهر سبعا: حرمت عليكم أمهاتكم وبناتكم وأخواتكم وعماتكم وخالاتكم وبنات الأخ وبنات الأخت من النسب، ومن الصهر: وأمهاتكم اللاتي أرضعنكم وأخواتكم من الرضاعة وأمهات نسائكم وربائبكم اللاتي في حجوركم من نسائكم اللاتي دخلتم بهن وحلائل أبنائكم الذين من أصلابكم ولا تنكحوا ما نكح آباؤكم من النساء وأن تجمعوا بين الأختين ؛ قال أبو منصور: ونحو ما روينا عن ابن عباس قال الشافعي: حرم الله تعالى سبعا نسبا وسبعا سببا فجعل السبب القرابة الحادثة بسبب المصاهرة والرضاع، وهذا هو الصحيح لا ارتياب فيه.

Ibn Abbas said: Allah has forbidden seven from lineage and seven from kinship by marriage. Forbidden to you are your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your paternal aunts, your maternal aunts, the daughters of your brothers, and the daughters of your sisters by lineage. And from kinship by marriage: your nursing mothers, your nursing sisters, the mothers of your wives, your stepdaughters who are in your care from your wives with whom you have consummated marriage, the wives of your sons who are from your loins, and do not marry those whom your fathers married, except for what has already passed. And that you combine two sisters. Abu Mansur said: And similar to what we narrated from Ibn Abbas, Al-Shafi'i said: Allah the Almighty has forbidden seven by lineage and seven by cause. He made the cause the kinship that arises through marriage and nursing. And this is the correct view without a doubt.

وصهرته الشمس تصهره صهرا وصهدته: اشتد وقعها عليه وحرها حتى ألم دماغه وانصهر هو؛ قال ابن أحمر يصف فرخ قطاة: تروي لقى ألقي في صفصف، ... تصهره الشمس فما ينصهر أي تذيبه الشمس فيصبر على ذلك.

And the sun 'ṣaharatuhu' (melted it) 'taṣharuhu ṣahran' and 'ṣahadathu': its impact and heat intensified upon it until its brain was affected and it melted. Ibn Ahmar said, describing a sandgrouse chick: It is watered by what is thrown on the sandy ground... the sun melts it, yet it does not melt, meaning the sun melts it, and it endures that.

ويقال: صهر خبزه إذا أدمه بالصهارة، فهو خبز مصهور وصهير.

And it is said: 'ṣahara khubzahu' if he seasoned his bread with melted fat, so it is 'makhzūj' bread and 'ṣahīr'.

وفي الحديث: أن الأسود كان يصهر رجليه بالشحم وهو محرم ؛ أي كان يذيبه ويدهنهما به.

And in the Hadith: Al-Aswad used to melt his legs with fat while in the state of Ihram; meaning he used to melt it and anoint them with it.

ويقال: صهر بدنه إذا دهنه بالصهير.

And it is said: 'ṣahara badana' if he anointed his body with 'aṣ-ṣahīr'.

وصهر فلان رأسه صهرا إذا دهنه بالصهارة، وهو ما أذيب من الشحم.

And 'ṣahara fulān ra'sahu ṣahran' if he anointed his head with 'aṣ-ṣahārah', which is melted fat.

واصطهر الحرباء واصهار: تلألأ ظهره من شدة حر الشمس، وقد، صهره الحر.

And 'iṣṭahara al-ḥirbā' wa 'iṣḥāra': its back shimmered from the intensity of the sun's heat, and the heat 'ṣaharat' it.

وقال الله تعالى: يصهر به ما في بطونهم حتى يخرج من أدبارهم؛ أبو زيد في قوله: يصهر به قال: هو الإحراق، صهرته بالنار أنضجته، أصهره.

And Allah the Almighty said: 'That which is in their bellies will be melted by it until it comes out of their rear ends.' Abu Zayd, regarding the verse 'yuṣharu bihi', said: It is burning. 'Ṣahartuhu bil-nār' means I cooked it with fire. 'Aṣharahu'.

وقولهم: لأصهرنك بيمين مرة، كأنه يريد الإذابة.

And their saying: 'La'uṣhirannaka bi-yamīnin marrah', as if it means melting.

أبو عبيدة: صهرت فلانا بيمين كاذبة توجب له النار.

Abu Ubaydah said: 'Ṣahartu fulānan bi-yamīnin kādhibah' means I subjected him to hellfire with a false oath.

وفي حديث أهل النار: فيسلت ما في جوفه حتى يمرق من قدميه ، وهو الصهر.

And in the Hadith of the people of Hellfire: 'So that which is in his belly is extracted until it passes through his feet,' and this is 'aṣ-ṣihr'.

يقال: صهرت الشحم إذا أذبته.

It is said: 'Ṣahartu al-shaḥm' if you melt the fat.

وفي الحديث: أنه كان يؤسس مسجد قباء فيصهر الحجر العظيم إلى بطنه ؛ أي يدنيه إليه.

And in the Hadith: He was establishing the mosque of Quba', and he would bring the great stone close to his belly; meaning he would draw it near to him.

يقال: صهره وأصهره إذا قربه وأدناه.

It is said: 'ṣaharahu' and 'aṣharahu' if he drew it near and brought it closer.

وفي حديث علي، رضي الله عنه: قال له ربيعة بن الحرث: نلت صهر محمد فلم نحسدك عليه ؛ الصهر حرمة التزويج، والفرق بينه وبين النسب: أن النسب ما يرجع إلى ولادة قريبة من جهة الآباء، والصهر ما كان من خلطة تشبه القرابة يحدثها التزويج.

And in the Hadith of Ali, may Allah be pleased with him: Rabi'ah ibn Al-Harith said to him: 'You have attained the kinship by marriage of Muhammad, and we do not envy you for it.' 'Aṣ-ṣihr' is the sanctity of marriage. The difference between it and lineage ('nasab') is that lineage refers to close birth from the side of the fathers, while 'ṣihr' is a mixture that resembles kinship, brought about by marriage.

والصيهور: شبه منبر يعمل من طين أو خشب يوضع عليه متاع البيت من صفر أو نحوه؛ قال ابن سيده: وليس بثبت.

And 'aṣ-ṣayhūr' is like a pulpit made of clay or wood, upon which household items of brass or similar material are placed. Ibn Sidah said: And it is not firmly established.

والصاهور: غلاف القمر، أعجمي معرب.

And 'aṣ-ṣāhūr' is the lunar halo, a non-Arabic word that has been Arabized.

والصهري: لغة في الصهريج، وهو كالحوض؛ قال الأزهري: وذلك أنهم يأتون أسفل الشعبة من الوادي الذي له مأزمان فيبنون بينهما بالطين والحجارة فيتراد الماء فيشربون به زمانا، قال: ويقال تصهرجوا صهريا.

And 'aṣ-ṣahrī' is a dialectal variant of 'aṣ-ṣihrīj', which is like a cistern. Al-Azhari said: This is when they come to the lower part of a ravine in a valley that has two seasonal streams, and they build between them with mud and stones, and the water collects, and they drink from it for a time. He said: And it is said 'taṣharraja ṣihrīyan' (they built a reservoir).