صفر

Root entry · 20 derived lemmas

The root صفر (ṣ-f-r) primarily relates to the color yellow, paleness, and emptiness. It extends to concepts of weakness, cowardice, and specific periods of time or seasons, particularly in relation to agriculture and weather. It also encompasses sounds and certain types of plants and animals.

Derived headwords

صَفَرِيَّةnoun

1.
period of early winterclassical
A period of time marking the beginning of winter, often associated with the rising of Suhail star, lasting until the 'dhi'a' (forearm) falls, characterized by intense cold and the birth of livestock.
2.
autumnal plantclassical
A type of plant that grows in the autumn season.
3.
Kharijite sectclassical
A sect of Kharijites, possibly named after their pale complexion, a leader named Abdullah ibn Sappar, or Ziyad ibn al-Asfar.

اصْفَرَّverb

1.
to become yellowboth
To turn yellow in color, often referring to a person's complexion.

صَفَارnoun

1.
yellownessboth
A yellowness that affects the color and complexion.
2.
remnants of fodderclassical
What remains of hay and fodder in the teeth of livestock.
3.
tickclassical
A small insect, a tick, or a small creature found in the hindquarters of hooves and nostrils.
4.
dried grassclassical
Dried Bighmi grass.

مُصْفُورadjective

1.
jaundicedclassical
One who is affected by yellowness, often implying illness or paleness.

اصْفِرَارnoun

1.
yellownessboth
The state or condition of becoming yellow; yellowness.
2.
illnessclassical
A condition that affects a person, causing them to become pale or yellow.

صَفَرِيّnoun

1.
offspring of sheepclassical
The offspring of sheep born with the rising of Suhail, marking the beginning of winter; also refers to the rains of this period.
2.
early winterclassical
The early part of winter.

صَفَرَverb

1.
to make a whistling soundboth
To make a whistling sound, especially when calling animals or birds.
2.
to call (an animal)classical
To call an animal, particularly a donkey, to drink water.

صَفِيرnoun

1.
whistling soundboth
A whistling sound, often made when calling animals or as a vocalization.

صَافِرadjective

1.
cowardlyclassical
Describing a bird that does not hunt; by extension, a coward.
2.
emptyclassical
Used to describe a place that has no one in it, implying emptiness.

صَفَّارَةnoun

1.
whistle (instrument)classical
A hollow copper instrument used to whistle, for calling birds or animals.
2.
anusclassical
The anus.

صِفْرnoun

1.
intellectclassical
Intellect, understanding, or wisdom.
2.
courageclassical
Courage, bravery, or the core of the heart.

أَصْفَرadjective

1.
yellowboth
The color yellow.

بَنُو الأَصْفَرname

1.
Byzantines/Romansclassical
A name referring to the Romans or Byzantines, possibly due to their ancestor's complexion.

الصَّفْرَاءnoun

1.
type of plantclassical
A type of plant found in plains and sandy areas, spreading on the ground with leaves resembling lettuce, which camels eat voraciously.
2.
valley near Badrclassical
A valley or region located near Badr, also known as Al-Asaafir.

الصَّفْرَاءname

1.
name of a horseclassical
The name of a horse belonging to Al-Harith ibn Al-Asamm.

الصَّفِيرَاءnoun

1.
small valleyclassical
A diminutive form of Al-Safraa', referring to a small valley or place near Badr.

الأَصَافِرname

1.
place nameclassical
A place name, possibly referring to a region near Rabigh and Tubna.

الصَّفْرَاوِيَّةnoun

1.
type of birdclassical
A type of bird.

تَصْفَرُّverb

1.
to become prosperousclassical
To become prosperous or wealthy, with one's condition improving and hardship passing.

صُفْرَةnoun

1.
yellownessboth
A slight yellowness that appears on the color or skin.

Parallel reading

سميت صفرية لأن الماشية تصفر إذا رعت ما يخضر من الشجر وترى مغابنها ومشافرها وأوبارها صفرا

It was named Saffariyah because the livestock turn yellow when they graze on green trees, and their flanks, muzzles, and wool appear yellow.

والصفار: صفرة تعلو اللون والبشرة

And al-Saffar: yellowness that affects the color and complexion.

وصاحبه مصفور

And its companion is afflicted with yellowness.

والصفرة: لون الأصفر، وفعله اللازم الاصفرار

And al-Sufrah: the color yellow, and its intransitive verb is al-isfirar.

وأما الاصفيرار فعرض يعرض الإنسان؛ يقال: يصفار مرة ويحمار أخرى

As for al-isfirar, it is a condition that affects a person; it is said: he turns yellow sometimes and red other times.

والصفري: نتاج الغنم مع طلوع سهيل، وهو أول الشتاء

And al-Saffari: the offspring of sheep with the rising of Suhail, which is the beginning of winter.

وتسمى أمطار هذا الوقت صفرية

And the rains of this time are called Saffariyah.

والصفري في النتاج بعد القيظي

And al-Saffari in terms of offspring comes after al-Qayzi.

والصفير: من الصوت بالدواب إذا سقيت، صفر يصفر صفيرا

And al-Saffir: is a sound made with animals when they are watered; they make a whistling sound (ṣafara yaṣfuru ṣafīran).

وصفر بالحمار وصفر: دعاه إلى الماء

And he called the donkey with a whistle (ṣafara bil-ḥimār wa ṣafara): he called it to the water.

والصافر: كل ما لا يصيد من الطير

And al-Sāfir: every bird that does not hunt.

والصافر الجبان

And al-Sāfir: the coward.

وصفر الطائر يصفر صفيرا أي مكا

And the bird whistles (ṣafara yaṣfuru ṣafīran), meaning it makes a sound.

ومنهم قولهم في المثل: أجبن من صافر وأصفر من بلبل

And among them is their saying in the proverb: more cowardly than a sāfir and more yellow than a bulbul.

ما في الدار صافر أي أحد يصفر

There is no one in the house who whistles (mā fī al-dār ṣāfir), meaning no one.

والصفارة: الاست

And al-ṣaffārah: the anus.

والصفارة: هنة جوفاء من نحاس يصفر فيها الغلام للحمام، ويصفر فيها بالحمار ليشرب

And al-ṣaffārah: a hollow copper object with which a boy whistles for pigeons, and with which he whistles for a donkey to drink.

والصفر: العقل والعقد

And al-ṣifr: intellect and understanding.

والصفر: الروع ولب القلب

And al-ṣifr: courage and the core of the heart.

والصفار والصفار: ما بقي في أسنان الدابة من التبن والعلف للدواب كلها

And al-ṣaffār and al-ṣifār: what remains in the teeth of a beast from hay and fodder for all beasts.

والصفار: القراد، ويقال: دويبة تكون في مآخير الحوافر والمناسم

And al-ṣaffār: the tick, and it is said: a small creature found in the hindquarters of hooves and nostrils.

والصفار، بالفتح: يبيس البهمى

And al-ṣaffār, with the fathah: dried Bighmi grass.

والصفراء: من نبات السهل والرمل، وقد تنبت بالجلد

And al-ṣafrā': is from the plants of the plain and sand, and it may grow on dry ground.

وهي تسطح على الأرض، وكأن ورقها ورق الخس، وهي تأكلها الإبل أكلا شديدا

It spreads on the ground, and its leaves are like lettuce leaves, and camels eat it voraciously.

والصفراء: شعب بناحية بدر، ويقال لها الأصافر

And al-Ṣafrā': is a valley in the vicinity of Badr, and it is also called Al-Aṣāfir.

والصفراء: فرس الحرث بن الأصم، صفة غالبة

And al-Ṣafrā': the mare of Al-Harith ibn Al-Asamm, a dominant characteristic.

وبنو الأصفر: الروم، وقيل: ملوك الروم

And Banu Al-Aṣfar: the Romans, and it is said: the kings of the Romans.

اغزوا تغنموا بنات الأصفر

Go forth to war and you shall gain spoils, the daughters of Al-Aṣfar.

وفي حديث ذكر مرج الصفر، وهو بضم الصاد وتشديد الفاء، موضع بغوطة دمشق وكان به وقعة للمسلمين مع الروم

And in the hadith, the mention of Marj al-Ṣaffar, which is with a dammah on the sad and a shaddah on the fa, a place in Ghouta of Damascus where a battle took place between the Muslims and the Romans.

ثم جزع الصفيراء؛ هي تصغير الصفراء، وهي موضع مجاور بدر

Then he crossed Al-Ṣafayrā'; it is the diminutive of Al-Ṣafrā', and it is a place adjacent to Badr.

عفا رابغ من أهله فالظواهر، ... فأكناف تبنى قد عفت فالأصافر

Rabigh has been deserted of its people, then Al-Ẓawāhir, ... then the surroundings of Tubna have been deserted, then Al-Aṣāfir.

وتقول: إن البرمة ليرى في مائها صفرة، تعني أن الله حرم الدم في كتابه

And she would say: 'One sees a yellowness in the water of the pot,' meaning that God has forbidden blood in His Book.