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شغر

Root entry · 18 derived lemmas

The root شغر (sh-gh-r) primarily relates to the concept of lifting or raising, often in a specific context like an animal lifting a leg to urinate. It extends to meanings of emptiness, abandonment, and departure, as well as a specific type of pre-Islamic marriage and combat maneuvers. The root also encompasses notions of expansion, increase, and distance.

Derived headwords

شَغَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to lift a leg (to urinate)both

    A dog lifts one of its legs, typically to urinate. It can also refer to lifting the leg without necessarily urinating.

  2. 2.
    to lift legs (for intercourse)classical

    A woman lifts her legs for sexual intercourse.

  3. 3.
    to lift (head/leg)classical

    To lift one's head or leg.

  4. 4.
    to be empty/abandonedclassical

    A land or place becomes empty of people, unprotected.

  5. 5.
    to be distantclassical

    To be far away or distant.

شغر الكلب يشغر شغرا — The dog lifted its leg and urinated.
شغر المرأة وبها يشغر شغورا وأشغرها — A woman lifted her legs for intercourse.
شَغْرًاnoun
  1. 1.
    lifting (of a leg)both

    The act of lifting a leg, as a dog does to urinate.

  2. 2.
    emptiness, abandonmentclassical

    The state of being empty or abandoned.

  3. 3.
    departure, expulsionclassical

    The act of driving someone away or expelling them.

  4. 4.
    combat maneuverclassical

    A specific maneuver in combat involving reinforcements.

  5. 5.
    separation, scatteringclassical

    The act of separating or scattering.

شغر الكلب يشغر شغرا — The dog lifted its leg and urinated.
شغروا فلانا عن بلده شغرا وشغارا — They drove so-and-so away from his land.
شَغَّارَةnoun
  1. 1.
    female camel (lifting leg)classical

    A female camel that lifts her leg, possibly in heat or to urinate.

شغارة تقذ الفصيل برجلها — A female camel that lifts her leg to urinate on the young camel.
شَاغِرَةadjective
  1. 1.
    vulnerable, undefendedclassical

    A place or land that is undefended and vulnerable to attack.

  2. 2.
    empty, desertedclassical

    A place that is empty of people.

  3. 3.
    distantclassical

    Far away from help or support.

بلدة شاغرة: لم تمتنع من غارة أحد — A vulnerable town: it does not resist anyone's raid.
بلدة شاغرة برجلها إذا لم تمتنع من غارة أحد — A town that is vulnerable by its leg if it does not resist anyone's raid.
والأرض لكم شاغرة — And the land is open/vulnerable to you.
شَغَارnoun
  1. 1.
    pre-Islamic marriage contractclassical

    A marriage contract in the pre-Islamic era where two men marry their female relatives to each other without dowry, each woman serving as the dowry for the other.

  2. 2.
    expulsion, banishmentclassical

    The act of driving someone away from their home or land.

  3. 3.
    combat cryclassical

    A cry of 'no reinforcements' or 'no quarter' during battle.

  4. 4.
    aggression, hostilityclassical

    An act of aggression or hostility.

وهو أن تزوج الرجل امرأة ما كانت، على أن يزوجك أخرى بغير مهر — It is that a man marries a woman of his choice on the condition that he marries you another [woman] without a dowry.
نهى رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، عن الشغار — The Messenger of God, peace be upon him, prohibited Shighar.
لا شغار في الإسلام — There is no Shighar in Islam.
الشغار: الطرد — Shighar: expulsion.
الشغار العداوة — Shighar is enmity.
شَاغَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to contract Shighar marriageclassical

    To enter into a Shighar marriage contract.

وقد شاغره — And he contracted Shighar with him.
أَشْغَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to lift legsclassical

    To lift one's legs, as a woman does for intercourse.

  2. 2.
    to deviate, to be in a cornerclassical

    A watering place (manhal) becomes situated in a corner or off the main path.

  3. 3.
    to widen, to speed upclassical

    To widen one's gait or speed up in travel.

أشغر المنهل: صار في ناحية من المحجة — The watering place became situated in a corner of the main road.
حتى أشغرت — Until she widened her gait and sped up.
اشْتَغَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to be numerous, to spreadclassical

    To become numerous, widespread, or extensive, referring to numbers, accounts, or events.

  2. 2.
    to become distantclassical

    To become far away, especially in a desert.

  3. 3.
    to expand, to growclassical

    To expand or grow in size or scope, referring to matters or situations.

واشتغر المنهل إذا صار في ناحية من المحجة — And the watering place became situated in a corner of the main road.
ورفقة مشتغرة: بعيدة عن السابلة — And a traveling party that is far from the main road.
واشتغر في الفلاة: أبعد فيها — And he went far into the desert.
واشتغر عليه حسابه: انتشر وكثر فلم يهتد له — And his account became numerous and confusing, and he could not figure it out.
وذهب فلان يعد بني فلان فاشتغروا عليه أي كثروا — So-and-so went to count the people of so-and-so, and they became numerous for him.
واشتغر العدد: كثر واتسع — And the number became numerous and extensive.
اشتغر الأمر بفلان أي اتسع وعظم — The matter became extensive and great for him.
واشتغرت الحرب بين الفريقين إذا اتسعت وعظمت — And the war between the two groups became widespread and great.
واشتغرت الإبل: كثرت واختلفت — And the camels became numerous and varied.
شَغْرٌnoun
  1. 1.
    lifting (of a leg)classical

    The act of lifting a leg.

  2. 2.
    emptiness, abandonmentclassical

    The state of being empty or abandoned.

  3. 3.
    distanceclassical

    Remoteness or distance.

  4. 4.
    separationclassical

    The act of separating or scattering.

الشغر: الرفع — Shaghr: lifting.
الشغر: البعد — Shaghr: distance.
شَغْرٌ بِغَرْadverbial phrase
  1. 1.
    in all directionsclassical

    Scattered or dispersed in every direction.

وتفرقت الغنم شغر بغر وشغر بغر أي في كل وجه — And the sheep scattered in all directions, meaning in every way.
الشَّغَرَانnoun
  1. 1.
    root of the navel cordclassical

    The place where the umbilical cord attaches.

شَغِيرadjective
  1. 1.
    ill-temperedclassical

    A person of bad character or disposition.

ورجل شغير: سيء الخلق — And a man who is ill-tempered: of bad character.
شَاغِرَةname
  1. 1.
    place nameclassical

    A proper name for a location.

وشاغرة والشاغرة، كلتاهما: موضع — And Shaghirah and Al-Shaghirah, both are places.
تَشَغَّرَverb
  1. 1.
    to exert effort in runningclassical

    A camel exerts maximum effort in its running.

  2. 2.
    to widen gait, to speed upclassical

    To widen one's stride or increase speed while running.

  3. 3.
    to persist in evilclassical

    To continue deeply and persistently in a bad course of action.

وتشغر البعير إذا لم يدع جهدا في سيره — And the camel exerts itself when it spares no effort in its journey.
ويقال للبعير إذا اشتد عدوه: هو يتشغر تشغرا — And it is said of a camel when its running is intense: it is exerting itself greatly.
وتشغر فلان في أمر قبيح إذا تمادى فيه وتعمق — And so-and-so persisted in an ugly matter when he went too deep into it.
شَغَرْتُverb
  1. 1.
    to expel, to drive outclassical

    To drive people out from a place.

شغرت بني فلان من موضع كذا أي أخرجتهم — I expelled the children of so-and-so from such-and-such a place, meaning I drove them out.
الشُّغُورname
  1. 1.
    place nameclassical

    A proper name for a location in the desert.

والشغور: موضع في البادية — And Al-Shughur: a place in the desert.
شِغَارnoun
  1. 1.
    well with abundant waterclassical

    A well that is abundant in water and has wide watering troughs.

بئر شغار وبئار شغار كثيرة الماء واسعة الأعطان — A well of Shighar and many wells of Shighar, abundant in water and wide in their watering troughs.
مُشَغَّرadjective
  1. 1.
    long and slender (spear)classical

    A spear that is long and slender, like a javelin.

وسنانا من الخطي أسمر مشغرا — And a spearhead of Khatti, dark and long and slender.

Parallel reading

الشغر: الرفع.
Shaghr: lifting.
شغر الكلب يشغر شغرا: رفع إحدى رجليه ليبول، وقيل: رفع إحدى رجليه، بال أو لم يبل، وقيل: شغر الكلب برجله شغرا رفعها فبال؛
A dog lifts one of its legs to urinate. It is said: it lifts one of its legs, whether it urinates or not. It is also said: the dog lifted its leg and urinated.
فإذا نام شغر الشيطان برجله فبال في أذنه.
And when one sleeps, Satan lifts his leg and urinates in his ear.
وفي حديث علي: قبل أن تشغر برجلها فتنة تطأ في خطامها.
And in the narration of Ali: before the tribulation lifts its leg and tramples in its reins.
وشغر المرأة وبها يشغر شغورا وأشغرها: رفع رجليها للنكاح.
And a woman lifting her legs for intercourse, and he made her lift her legs: means lifting her legs for marriage.
وبلدة شاغرة: لم تمتنع من غارة أحد.
And a vulnerable town: it does not resist anyone's raid.
وشغرت الأرض والبلد أي خلت من الناس ولم يبق بها أحد يحميها ويضبطها.
And the land and the country became empty, meaning devoid of people, and no one remained to protect or control it.
ويقال: بلدة شاغرة برجلها إذا لم تمتنع من غارة أحد.
And it is said: a town is vulnerable by its leg if it does not resist anyone's raid.
والشغار: الطرد، يقال: شغروا فلانا عن بلده شغرا وشغارا إذا طردوه ونفوه.
And Al-Shighar: expulsion. It is said: they drove so-and-so from his land, Shaghran and Shigharan, if they expelled and banished him.
وهو أن تزوج الرجل امرأة ما كانت، على أن يزوجك أخرى بغير مهر، وخص بعضهم به القرائب فقال: لا يكون الشغار إلا أن تنكحه وليتك، على أن ينكحك وليته؛ وقد شاغره؛
It is that a man marries a woman of his choice on the condition that he marries you another [woman] without a dowry. Some specified it for close relatives, saying: Shighar only occurs if your guardian marries you to his ward, on the condition that his guardian marries you to his ward; and he contracted Shighar with him.
والشغار: أن يبرز الرجلان من العسكرين، فإذا كاد أحدهما أن يغلب صاحبه جاء اثنان ليغيثا أحدهما، فيصيح الآخر: لا شغار لا شغار.
And Al-Shighar: when two men come out from the two armies. If one is about to overcome his companion, two come to aid one of them, and the other shouts: No Shighar, no Shighar.
والشغر: أن يضرب الفحل برأسه تحت النوق من قبل ضروعها فيرفعها فيصرعها.
And Shaghr: when the stallion strikes with its head under the she-camels near their udders, lifting them and mounting them.
وأشغر المنهل: صار في ناحية من المحجة؛ وفي التهذيب: واشتغر المنهل إذا صار في ناحية من المحجة؛
And the watering place became situated in a corner of the main road; and in Al-Tahdhib: and the watering place became situated in a corner of the main road.
وشافي الأجاج بعيد المشتغر
Quenching the thirst from the bitter water, far from the place of deviation.
ورفقة مشتغرة: بعيدة عن السابلة.
And a traveling party that is far from the main road.
واشتغر في الفلاة: أبعد فيها.
And he went far into the desert.
واشتغر عليه حسابه: انتشر وكثر فلم يهتد له.
And his account became numerous and confusing, and he could not figure it out.
وذهب فلان يعد بني فلان فاشتغروا عليه أي كثروا.
So-and-so went to count the people of so-and-so, and they became numerous for him.
واشتغر العدد: كثر واتسع؛ قال أبو النجم: وعدد بخ إذا عد اشتغر، ... كعدد الترب تدانى وانتشر
And the number became numerous and extensive; Abu Al-Najm said: And a number that is counted becomes numerous, ... like the number of dust particles that come close and spread.
اشتغر الأمر بفلان أي اتسع وعظم.
The matter became extensive and great for him.
واشتغرت الحرب بين الفريقين إذا اتسعت وعظمت.
And the war between the two groups became widespread and great.
واشتغرت الإبل: كثرت واختلفت.
And the camels became numerous and varied.
وتفرقت الغنم شغر بغر وشغر بغر أي في كل وجه؛
And the sheep scattered in all directions, meaning in every way.
والشاغران: منقطع عرق السرة.
And Al-Shagharan: the root of the navel cord.
ورجل شغير: سيء الخلق.
And a man who is ill-tempered: of bad character.
وتشغر البعير إذا لم يدع جهدا في سيره؛ عن أبي عبيد.
And the camel exerts itself when it spares no effort in its journey; from Abu Ubaid.
ويقال للبعير إذا اشتد عدوه: هو يتشغر تشغرا.
And it is said of a camel when its running is intense: it is exerting itself greatly.
وفي حديث ابن عمر: فحجن ناقته حتى أشغرت أي اتسعت في السير وأسرعت.
And in the narration of Ibn Umar: he urged his she-camel until she widened her gait and sped up.
شغرت بني فلان من موضع كذا أي أخرجتهم؛ وأنشد الشيباني: ونحن شغرنا ابني نزار كليهما، ... وكلبا بوقع مرهب متقارب
I expelled the children of so-and-so from such-and-such a place, meaning I drove them out; and Al-Shaybani recited: And we expelled the two sons of Nizar, both of them, ... and Kalb with a terrifying, close encounter.
الشغر: البعد؛ ومنه قولهم: بلد شاغر إذا كان بعيدا من الناصر والسلطان؛ قاله الفراء.
Shaghr: distance; and from this is their saying: a town is Shaghir if it is far from the helper and the ruler; Al-Farra' said this.
والأرض لكم شاغرة ؛ أي واسعة.
And the land is open/vulnerable to you; meaning vast.
أبو عمرو: شغرته عن الأرض أي أخرجته.
Abu Amr: I drove him from the land, meaning I expelled him.
أبو عمرو: الشغار العداوة.
Abu Amr: Al-Shighar is enmity.
واشتغر فلان علينا إذا تطاول وافتخر.
And so-and-so became arrogant towards us if he became haughty and boastful.
وتشغر فلان في أمر قبيح إذا تمادى فيه وتعمق.
And so-and-so persisted in an ugly matter when he went too deep into it.
والشغور: موضع في البادية.
And Al-Shughur: a place in the desert.
وفي النوادر: بئر شغار وبئار شغار كثيرة الماء واسعة الأعطان.
And in Al-Nawadir: a well of Shighar and many wells of Shighar, abundant in water and wide in their watering troughs.
والمشغر من الرماح: كالمطرد؛ وقال: سنانا من الخطي أسمر مشغرا
And Al-Mishghar of spears: like a javelin; and he said: A spearhead of Khatti, dark and long and slender.