دهر

Root entry · 13 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of time, encompassing long periods, eternity, and the passage of life. It also extends to notions of fate, destiny, and the events that unfold over time, sometimes with negative connotations of hardship or misfortune.

Derived headwords

الدَّهْرnoun

1.
timeboth
The extended duration of time, often implying a very long period or eternity.
2.
eternityclassical
An unending duration, often used in philosophical or theological contexts.
3.
fateclassical
The course of events, often seen as predetermined or uncontrollable.

الدهر: الأمد الممدود — Time: the extended duration

لا تسبوا الدهر فإن الله هو الدهر — Do not curse time, for God is time.

أَدْهُرnoun

1.
timesclassical
Plural of 'dahr', referring to multiple long periods or epochs.

وجمع الدهر أدهر ودهور — And the plural of 'dahr' is 'ad'hur' and 'duhur'.

دُهُورnoun

1.
timesclassical
Plural of 'dahr', referring to multiple long periods or epochs.

وجمع الدهر أدهر ودهور — And the plural of 'dahr' is 'ad'hur' and 'duhur'.

دَهْرِيّadjective

1.
materialistmodern
One who denies the afterlife and believes in the permanence of time or matter; an atheist or a materialist.
2.
ancientclassical
Very old or ancient, attributed to the passage of time.

ورجل دهري: ملحد لا يؤمن بالآخرة، يقول ببقاء الدهر، وهو مولد — And a 'dahri' man: an atheist who does not believe in the afterlife, saying that time is eternal, and it is a neologism.

ورجل دهري: قديم مسن نسب إلى الدهر — And a 'dahri' man: old and aged, attributed to time.

دَهَارِيرnoun

1.
hardshipsclassical
The early or difficult times of the past; refers to the vicissitudes and calamities of time.

والدهر أيتما حين دهارير — And time is at whatever moment, 'daharir' (calamities).

دَاهِرname

1.
Dahirclassical
The name of a king of Daybul who was killed by Muhammad ibn al-Qasim.

وأرض هرقل قد ذكرت وداهرا — And the land of Heraclius you mentioned, and Dahir

مُدَاهَرَةnoun

1.
long-termclassical
A period of time, often used in contracts or agreements, implying a long duration.

وعامله مداهرة ودهارا — And he dealt with him for a long period and a long time.

دَهَارَةnoun

1.
long-termclassical
A period of time, often used in contracts or agreements, implying a long duration.

وعامله مداهرة ودهارا — And he dealt with him for a long period and a long time.

دَهْوَرَةnoun

1.
rolling downclassical
The act of gathering something and throwing it into an abyss or a deep place.

والدهورة: جمعك الشيء وقذفك به في مهواة — And 'dahwarah': gathering a thing and throwing it into an abyss.

تَدَهْوَرَverb

1.
to declinemodern
To deteriorate, to worsen, or to fall into a worse state.
2.
to roll downclassical
To move downwards, often by rolling or tumbling.

وتدهور الليل: أدبر — And the night 'tadahwara': it passed.

دَهْوَرverb

1.
to pile upclassical
To pile up or stack things, or to push something down.
2.
to defecateclassical
To excrete feces.

ودهور الحائط: دفعه فسقط — And 'dahwara' the wall: pushing it so it fell.

ودهور: سلح — And 'dahwara': defecated.

دَهْوَرِيّadjective

1.
strong-voicedclassical
Having a loud or strong voice.

والدهوري من الرجال: الصلب الضرب — And the 'dahuri' among men: strong in striking.

دَوَاهِرnoun

1.
wellsclassical
Known wells or water sources.

والدواهر: ركايا معروفة — And 'al-Dawahir': known wells.

Parallel reading

الدهر: الأمد الممدود، وقيل: الدهر ألف سنة.

Time: the extended duration, and it was said: time is a thousand years.

وقد حكي فيه الدهر، بفتح الهاء: فإما أن يكون الدهر والدهر لغتين كما ذهب إليه البصريون في هذا النحو فيقتصر على ما سمع منه، وإما أن يكون ذلك لمكان حروف الحلق فيطرد في كل شيء كما ذهب إليه الكوفيون؛

And 'al-dahr', with a fathah on the ha, has been narrated; either 'al-dahr' and 'al-dahr' are two variants as the Basrans went in this grammar, so one is limited to what is heard from it, or it is due to the guttural letters, so it applies to everything as the Kufans went;

وجمع الدهر أدهر ودهور، وكذلك جمع الدهر لأنا لم نسمع أدهارا ولا سمعنا فيه جمعا إلا ما قدمنا من جمع دهر؛

And the plural of 'dahr' is 'ad'hur' and 'duhur', and similarly the plural of 'dahr' because we have not heard 'ad'hara' nor have we heard any plural for it except what we have presented of the plural of 'dahr';

فأما قوله، صلى الله عليه وسلم: لا تسبوا الدهر فإن الله: هو الدهر ؛ فمعناه أن ما أصابك من الدهر فالله فاعله ليس الدهر، فإذا شتمت به الدهر فكأنك أردت به الله؛

As for his saying, peace be upon him: 'Do not curse time, for God is time'; its meaning is that whatever befalls you from time, God is its doer, not time itself. So if you curse time, it is as if you intended God by it;

لأنهم كانوا يضيقون النوازل إلى الدهر، فقيل لهم: لا تسبوا فاعل ذلك بكم فإن ذلك هو الله تعالى؛

Because they used to attribute calamities to time, so they were told: Do not curse the one who does that to you, for that is God Almighty;

وتأويله عندي أن العرب كان شأنها أن تذم الدهر وتسبه عند الحوادث والنوازل تنزل بهم من موت أو هرم فيقولون: أصابتهم قوارع الدهر وحوادثه وأبادهم الدهر، فيجعلون الدهر الذي يفعل ذلك فيذمونه،

And its interpretation, in my opinion, is that the Arabs used to disparage and curse time upon calamities and misfortunes that befell them, such as death or old age, saying: The calamities of time have struck them, and time has destroyed them, so they make time the doer of that and thus disparage it,

وقالوا ما هي إلا حياتنا الدنيا نموت ونحيا وما يهلكنا إلا الدهر ؛

And they say: 'It is not but our worldly life; we die and live, and nothing destroys us except time';

والدهر: الزمان الطويل ومدة الحياة الدنيا،

And 'al-dahr': the long duration and the span of worldly life,

فقال النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم: لا تسبوا الدهر ، على تأويل: لا تسبوا الذي يفعل بكم هذه الأشياء فإنكم إذا سببتم فاعلها فإنما يقع السب على الله تعالى لأنه الفاعل لها لا الدهر، فهذا وجه الحديث؛

So the Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 'Do not curse time', with the interpretation: Do not curse the one who does these things to you, for if you curse the doer, the curse falls upon God Almighty because He is the doer of them, not time, so this is the meaning of the hadith;

فوضع الدهر موضع جالب الحوادث لاشتهار الدهر عندهم بذلك،

So 'dahr' was put in place of the bringer of calamities due to the prominence of time among them for that,

والزمان والدهر واحد؛ وأنشد: إن دهرا يلف حبلي بجمل ... لزمان يهم بالإحسان

And 'al-zaman' and 'al-dahr' are one; and he recited: Indeed, a time that binds my rope with a camel... is a time that intends kindness.

وقال: الزمان زمان الرطب والفاكهة وزمان الحر وزمان البرد، ويكون الزمان شهرين إلى ستة أشهر والدهر لا ينقطع.

And he said: 'Al-zaman' is the time of dates and fruits, and the time of heat and the time of cold, and 'al-zaman' can be two to six months, while 'al-dahr' does not end.

وقد سمعت غير واحد من العرب يقول: أقمنا على ماء كذا وكذا دهرا، ودارنا التي حللنا بها تحملنا دهرا،

And I have heard more than one Arab say: We stayed at such-and-such water for a 'dahr', and our dwelling where we stayed carried us for a 'dahr',

والسنة عند العرب أربعة أزمنة: ربيع وقيظ وخريف وشتاء، ولا يجوز أن يقال: الدهر أربعة أزمنة، فهما يفترقان.

And the year among the Arabs is four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter, and it is not permissible to say: 'Al-dahr' is four seasons, so they differ.

ألا إن الزمان قد استدار كهيئته يوم خلق الله السماوات والأرض، السنة اثنا عشر شهرا، أربعة منها حرم: ثلاثة منها متواليات: ذو القعدة وذو الحجة والمحرم، ورجب مفرد ؛

Verily, time has turned as it was on the day God created the heavens and the earth; the year is twelve months, four of which are sacred: three of them are consecutive: Dhu al-Qi'dah, Dhu al-Hijjah, and Muharram, and Rajab is separate;

الدهر الزمان.

Time is duration.

وقولهم: دهر داهر كقولهم أبد أبيد، ويقال: لا آتيك دهر الداهرين أي أبدا.

And their saying: 'dahr dahir' is like their saying 'abad abid', and it is said: I will not come to you for 'dahr al-dahirin', meaning, never.

ورجل دهري: قديم مسن نسب إلى الدهر، وهو نادر.

And a 'dahri' man: old and aged, attributed to time, and it is rare.

ورجل دهري: ملحد لا يؤمن بالآخرة، يقول ببقاء الدهر، وهو مولد.

And a 'dahri' man: an atheist who does not believe in the afterlife, saying that time is eternal, and it is a neologism.

والدهارير: أول الدهر في الزمان الماضي، ولا واحد له؛

And 'al-daharir': the beginning of time in the past, and it has no singular;

فبينما العسر إذ دارت مياسير أي حدثت وحلت، والمياسير: جمع ميسور.

And while hardship is present, ease occurs, meaning it happened and arrived, and 'al-mayasir' is the plural of 'maysoor'.

والدهر مبتدأ ودهارير خبره، وأيتما حال ظرف من الزمان والعامل فيه ما في دهارير من معنى الشدة.

And 'al-dahr' is the subject and 'daharir' is its predicate, and 'ayyatama' is an adverb of time, and the operative factor in it is the meaning of intensity in 'daharir'.

وقولهم: دهر دهارير أي شديد، كقولهم: ليلة ليلاء ونهار أنهر ويوم أيوم وساعة سوعاء.

And their saying: 'dahr daharir' means severe, like their saying: a 'layla laylaa' night, a 'nahar anhar' day, a 'yawm ayyam' day, and a 'sa'ah su'aa' hour.

والدهارير جمع الدهور، أراد أن الدهر ذو حالين من بؤس ونعم.

And 'al-daharir' is the plural of 'al-duhur', meaning that time has two states of misery and bliss.

والدهر: النازلة.

And 'al-dahr': the calamity.

وفي حديث موت أبي طالب: لولا أن قريشا تقول دهره الجزع لفعلت.

And in the hadith about the death of Abu Talib: 'Were it not that Quraysh would say his time is impatience, I would have done it.'

وما دهري بكذا وما دهري كذا أي ما همي وغايتي.

And 'ma dahri bi-kadha' and 'ma dahri kadha' means what is my concern and my goal.

وفي حديث أم سليم: ما ذاك دهرك.

And in the hadith of Umm Sulaym: 'That is not your time.'

ويقال: ما ذاك دهري وما دهري بكذا أي همي وإرادتي؛

And it is said: 'That is not my 'dahr' and 'ma dahri bi-kadha' means my concern and my will;

قال متمم بن نويرة: لعمري وما دهري بتأبين هالك، ... ولا جزعا مما أصاب فأوجعا

Matamm ibn Nuwayrah said: By my life, and my 'dahr' is not in mourning a deceased... nor in despair from what has afflicted and pained.

وما ذاك بدهري أي عادتي.

And that is not my 'dahr', meaning my habit.

والدهورة: جمعك الشيء وقذفك به في مهواة؛ ودهورت الشيء: كذلك.

And 'al-dahwarah': gathering a thing and throwing it into an abyss; and 'dahwara' the thing: likewise.

فلا دهورة اليوم على حزب إبراهيم ، كأنه أراد لا ضيعة عليهم ولا يترك حفظهم وتعهدهم، والواو زائدة، وهو من الدهورة جمعك الشيء وقذفك إياه في مهواة؛

So there is no 'dahwarah' today upon the party of Abraham, as if he meant no loss upon them and no neglect of their protection and care, and the waw is extra, and it is from 'al-dahwarah', gathering a thing and throwing it into an abyss;

وقال مجاهد في قوله تعالى: إذا الشمس كورت، قال: دهورت،

And Mujahid said about the saying of God Almighty: 'When the sun is 'kawwarat', he said: 'dahawwarat',

وقال الربيع بن خثيم: رمي بها. ويقال: طعنه فكوره إذا ألقاه.

And al-Rabi' ibn Khuthaym said: It was thrown. And it is said: He stabbed him and 'kawwarahu' if he threw him.

ومعنى كبكبوا طرح بعضهم على بعض، وقال غيره من أهل اللغة: معناه دهوروا.

And the meaning of 'kabkaboo' is throwing some of them upon others, and others from the linguists said: its meaning is 'dahwaroo'.

ودهور كلامه: قحم بعضه في إثر بعض.

And 'dahwara' his speech: pushing some of it after another.

وتدهور الليل: أدبر.

And the night 'tadahwara': it passed.

ورجل دهوري الصوت وهو الصلب الصوت؛

And a man of 'dahuri' voice, meaning a strong voice;

وأرض هرقل قد ذكرت وداهرا، ... ويسعى لكم من آل كسرى النواصف

And the land of Heraclius you mentioned, and Dahir, ... and the Nawasif from the family of Khosrau strive for you.

فأجابه جرير: أنا الدهر يفني الموت، والدهر خالد، ... فجئني بمثل الدهر شيئا تطاوله

And Jarir replied to him: I am time that consumes death, and time is eternal, ... so bring me something like time that you can surpass.

وفي نوادر الأعراب: ما عندي في هذا الأمر دهورية ولا رخودية أي ليس عندي فيه رفق ولا مهاودة ولا رويدية ولا هويدية ولا هوداء ولا هيداء بمعنى واحد.

And in the rare sayings of the Arabs: I have no 'dahuriyyah' or 'rukhudiyyah' in this matter, meaning I have no gentleness, no leniency, no slowness, no hesitation, no softness, no yielding in it, all meaning one.

وأصبح راسيا برضام دهر، ... وسال به الخمائل في الرهام

And it became firmly established in the rocky ground of 'Dahr', ... and the thickets flowed with it in the rain.

والدواهر: ركايا معروفة؛ قال الفرزدق: إذا لأتى الدواهر، عن قريب، ... بخزي غير مصروف العقال

And 'al-Dawahir': known wells; Al-Farazdaq said: When 'al-Dawahir' comes, soon, ... with disgrace not averted from the fetters.