درر

Root entry · 25 derived lemmas

This root primarily relates to shining, sparkling, and brilliance, often applied to swords. It also extends to concepts of a path's course or middle, a wind's direction, and the gums or sockets of teeth. Figuratively, it can denote a person's essence or a place of danger.

Derived headwords

دَرِيّadjective

1.
shining, sparklingclassical
Describing a sword that gleams and shines brightly, possibly attributed to its purity or resemblance to a star.

دَرِيَّهnoun

1.
sparkle, brillianceclassical
The shining or brilliance of a sword.

ذَرِيّadjective

1.
patterned (sword)classical
Referring to the patterned or damascened part of a sword, likened to the tracks of small ants.

دَرَرnoun

1.
course, middle (of a road)classical
The intended path or middle of a road.
2.
direction (of wind)classical
The direction from which the wind blows.

مَدْرَجَةnoun

1.
path, courseclassical
The course or path of something, particularly a road.

دَرَرnoun

1.
opposite, facingclassical
Being opposite or facing something else.

دَرَرnoun

1.
direction, facingclassical
The direction one is facing or heading towards.

اِسْتَدَرَّتْverb

1.
to desire matingclassical
Said of a female goat when she desires the male.

اِسْتِدْرَارnoun

1.
desire for matingclassical
The state of a female goat desiring the male.

اِسْتَذَرَّتْverb

1.
to desire matingclassical
An alternative verb for a female goat desiring the male, considered a defective form.

دَرّnoun

1.
soul, selfclassical
The soul or self of a person.

دَرّname

1.
name of a placeclassical
A proper noun referring to a specific location.

دَرْدَرَةnoun

1.
sound of rushing waterclassical
The sound made by water flowing rapidly into valleys.

دَرْدُورnoun

1.
whirlpool, dangerous sea spotclassical
A dangerous spot in the sea where water swirls, posing a risk to ships.

دَرْدَرnoun

1.
gums, tooth socketsclassical
The gums, or the sockets where teeth grow or fall out.

دَرادِرnoun

1.
gums, tooth socketsclassical
Plural of 'dardar', referring to the gums or tooth sockets.

دَرْدَرَverb

1.
to shake, trembleclassical
To move back and forth, to tremble or jiggle; also used for a woman with large buttocks whose flesh shakes when she walks.
2.
to mash, chewclassical
To mash or chew something, like a fruit.

تَدَرْدَرُverb

1.
to shake, trembleclassical
The present tense form of 'dardara', meaning to shake or tremble.

دَرْدَرnoun

1.
tip of the tongueclassical
The edge or tip of the tongue.

دِرْدَارnoun

1.
type of treeclassical
A known species of tree.

دَهْدَرِينname

1.
falsehood, lieclassical
A name associated with falsehood or deceit, often used in proverbs.

دَهْدَرnoun

1.
falsehood, vanityclassical
Something false, vain, or deceitful.

دَهْدَرِيْنname

1.
falsehood, lieclassical
A name associated with falsehood or deceit, often used in proverbs.

دَارِيverb

1.
to be oppositeclassical
To be opposite or facing something.

دِرَايَةname

1.
female nameclassical
A given name for women.

Parallel reading

ودري السيف: تلألؤه وإشراقه، إما أن يكون منسوبا إلى الدر بصفائه ونقائه، وإما أن يكون مشبها بالكوكب الدري؛

And the sword's 'darī': its sparkle and radiance, either attributed to the pearl for its clarity and purity, or likened to a star.

قال عبد الله بن سبرة: كل ينوء بماضي الحد ذي شطب ... عضب، جلا القين عن دريه الطبعاً

Abdullah bin Sabra said: Each one bears the burden of a sharp, striped sword... a swift one, which the smith polished from its brilliance the natural state.

ويروى عن ذريه يعني فرنده منسوب إلى الذر الذي هو النمل الصغار، لأن فرند السيف يشبه بآثار الذر؛

And it is narrated as 'dharīhi', meaning its pattern, attributed to 'dhar' which is small ants, because the pattern of a sword resembles the tracks of ants;

وتخرج منه ضرة القوم مصدقا، ... وطول السرى دري عضب مهند وذري عضب.

And from it emerges the rival of people as a believer, ... and the length of the night journey is a brilliant, swift, Indian [sword] and a patterned, swift [sword].

ودرر الطريق: قصده ومتنه، ويقال: هو على درر الطريق أي على مدرجته، وفي الصحاح: أي على قصده.

And the 'durar' of the road: its intended path and its middle. It is said: He is on the 'durar' of the road, meaning on its course. In Al-Sihah: meaning on its intended path.

ويقال: داري بدرر دارك أي بحذائها. إذا تقابلتا، ويقال: هما على درر واحد، بالفتح، أي على قصد واحد.

And it is said: 'Dārī bi-durar dārik' means opposite to your house. When they face each other. And it is said: They are on one 'durar', with fatha, meaning on one intended path.

ودرر الريح: مهبها؛ وهو دررك أي حذاؤك وقبالتك.

And the 'durar' of the wind: its blowing direction; and it is your 'durruk', meaning your opposite and your facing.

ويقال: دررك أي قبالتك؛ قال ابن أحمر: كانت مناجعها الدهنا وجانبها، ... والقف مما تراه فوقه دررا

And it is said: 'Durruk' means your facing; Ibn Ahmar said: Its watering places were Al-Dahna and its side, ... and the cliff from what you see above it are 'durar' (heights/levels).

واستدرت المعزى: أرادت الفحل.

And the goat 'istadarrat': she desired the male.

الأموي: يقال للمعزى إذا أرادت الفحل: قد استدرت استدرارا، وللضأن: قد استوبلت استيبالا، ويقال أيضا: استذرت المعزى استذراء من المعتل، بالذال المعجمة.

Al-Ummawi: It is said of a goat when she desires the male: 'qad istadarrat istidrāran', and of a sheep: 'qad istawbalat istibālan'. And it is also said: 'istadharrat' the goat, from the defective verb, with the voiced 'dh'.

والدر: النفس، ودفع الله عن دره أي عن نفسه؛ حكاه اللحياني.

And 'al-darr': the soul. And 'Dafa' Allah 'an darrihi' means 'May God protect him from himself'; Al-Lihyani narrated this.

ودر: اسم موضع؛ قالت الخنساء: ألا يا لهف نفسي بعد عيش ... لنا، بجنوب در فذي نهيق

And 'Darr': a place name. Al-Khansa' said: Oh, how I long for my soul after a life... for us, in the south of Darr, and this is a braying (sound).

والدردرة: حكاية صوت الماء إذا اندفع في بطون الأودية.

And 'al-dardarah': the description of the sound of water when it rushes into the valleys.

والدردور: موضع في وسط البحر يجيش ماؤه لا تكاد تسلم منه السفينة؛ يقال: لججوا فوقعوا في الدردور.

And 'al-dardūr': a place in the middle of the sea whose water churns, from which a ship can hardly escape; it is said: They plunged and fell into the 'dardūr'.

الجوهري: الدردور الماء الذي يدور ويخاف منه الغرق.

Al-Jauhari: 'Al-dardūr' is water that swirls and from which drowning is feared.

والدردر: منبت الأسنان عامة، وقيل: منبتها قبل نباتها وبعد سقوطها، وقيل: هي مغارزها من الصبي، والجمع الدرادر؛

And 'al-dardar': the place where teeth grow generally. It is said: their place before they grow and after they fall out. It is said: they are their sockets in a child. The plural is 'al-dadādir'.

وفي المثل: أعييتني بأشر فكيف أرجوك بدردر؟ قال أبو زيد: هذا رجل يخاطب امرأته يقول: لم تقبلي الأدب وأنت شابة ذات أشر في ثغرك، فكيف الآن وقد أسنت حتى بدت درادرك، وهي مغارز الأسنان؟.

And in the proverb: 'You tired me out with your coquetry, so how can I hope for you with your gums?' Abu Zayd said: This is a man addressing his wife, saying: You did not accept discipline when you were a young woman with coquetry in your mouth, so how about now that you have aged until your 'darādira' have appeared, which are the sockets of the teeth?

ودرد الرجل إذا سقطت أسنانه وظهرت درادرها، وجمعه الدرد، ومثله: أعييتني من شب إلى دب أي من لدن شببت إلى أن دببت.

And a man 'dardara' if his teeth fall out and their sockets appear. Its plural is 'al-dard'. And similarly: 'You tired me out from youth until I crawled', meaning from when you were young until you crawled.

وفي حديث ذي الثدية المقتول بالنهروان: كانت له ثدية مثل البضعة تدردر أي تمزمز وترجرج تجيء وتذهب، والأصل تتدردر فحذفت إحدى التاءين تخفيفا؛

And in the hadith of Dhu al-Thudiyah, who was killed at Nahrawan: He had a tumor like a piece of flesh that 'tadarḍar', meaning it moved and jiggled, coming and going. The original was 'tatadarḍar', and one 'ta' was omitted for brevity.

ويقال للمرأة إذا كانت عظيمة الأليتين فإذا مشت رجفتا: هي تدردر؛ وأنشد:

And it is said of a woman, if she has large buttocks and they shake when she walks: she 'tadarḍar'; and he recited:

أقسم، إن لم تأتنا تدردر، ... ليقطعن من لسان دردر

I swear, if you do not come to us shaking, ... I will cut from the tip of the tongue 'dardar'.

قال: والدردر هاهنا طرف اللسان، ويقال: هو أصل اللسان، وهو مغرز السن في أكثر الكلام.

He said: And 'al-dardar' here is the tip of the tongue. It is said: it is the root of the tongue, and it is the socket of the tooth in most speech.

ودرد البسرة: دلكها بدردره ولاكها؛ ومنه قول بعض العرب وقد جاءه الأصمعي: أتيتني وأنا أدردر بسرة.

And 'dardara' the date: to rub it with its 'dardarah' and chew it. From this is the saying of some Arabs when Al-Asma'i came to him: You came to me while I was mashing a date.

ودراية: من أسماء النساء.

And 'Dirāyah': one of the names of women.

والدردار: ضرب من الشجر «4» معروف.

And 'al-dardār': a known type of tree.

وقولهم: ده درين وسعد القين، من أسماء الكذب والباطل، ويقال: أصله أن سعد القين كان رجلا من العجم يدور في مخاليف اليمن يعمل لهم، فإذا كسد عمله قال بالفارسية: ده بدرود، كأنه يودع القرية، أي أنا خارج غدا، وإنما يقول ذلك ليستعمل، فعربته العرب وضربوا به المثل في الكذب.

And their saying: 'Dah darīn wa Sa'd al-Qayn', are names for falsehood and vanity. It is said: its origin is that Sa'd al-Qayn was a Persian man who traveled in the regions of Yemen, making things for them. When his work was not selling, he would say in Persian: 'Dah badrūd', as if bidding farewell to the village, meaning 'I am leaving tomorrow'. He only said this to get work, so the Arabs Arabized it and used it as a proverb for lying.

وقالوا: إذا سمعت بسرى القين فإنه مصبح؛ قال ابن بري: والصحيح في هذا المثل ما رواه الأصمعي وهو: دهدرين سعد القين، من غير واو عطف وكون دهدرين متصلا غير منفصل،

And they said: 'If you hear of al-Qayn's night journey, he is leaving in the morning'. Ibn Barrī said: The correct version of this proverb, as narrated by Al-Asma'i, is: 'Dahdarīn Sa'd al-Qayn', without a conjunction 'waw' and with 'Dahdarīn' being connected and not separate,

قال أبو علي: هو تثنية دهدر وهو الباطل، ومثله الدهدن في اسم الباطل أيضا فجعله عربيا، قال: والحقيقة فيه أنه اسم لبطل كسرعان وهيهات اسم لسرع وبعد، وسعد فاعل به والقين نعته، وحذف التنوين منه لالتقاء الساكنين، ويكون على حذف مضاف تأويله بطل قول سعد القين، ويكون المعنى على ما فسره أبو علي: أن سعد القين كان من عادته أن ينزل في الحي فيشيع أنه غير مقيم، وأنه في هذه الليلة يسري غير مصبح ليبادر إليه من عنده ما يعمله ويصلحه له، فقالت العرب: إذا سمعت بسرى القين فإنه مصبح؛

Abu Ali said: It is the dual of 'dahdar', which is falsehood. And 'al-dahdan' is similar in being a name for falsehood, which he made Arabic. He said: The reality is that it is a name for a hero, like 'sur'ān' (fast), and 'hayhāt' is a name for 'asra' (faster) and 'bu'd' (far). And Sa'd is the doer, and al-Qayn is its adjective. The tanwin was removed due to the meeting of two silent letters. It can be interpreted as omitting a possessive, meaning 'the falsehood of Sa'd al-Qayn's saying'. And the meaning, as explained by Abu Ali, is that Sa'd al-Qayn used to stay with a tribe and spread the word that he was not staying. And that on this night he would travel, not staying until morning, so that those who had work for him would hasten to give it to him for repair. So the Arabs said: 'If you hear of al-Qayn's night journey, he is leaving in the morning'.

ورواه أبو عبيدة معمر بن المثنى: دهدرين سعد القين، بنصب سعد، وذكر أن دهدرين منصوب على إضمار فعل، وظاهر كلامه يقضي أن دهدرين اسم للباطل تثنية دهدر ولم يجعله اسما للفعل كما جعله أبو علي، فكأنه قال: اطرحوا الباطل وسعد القين فليس قوله بصحيح،

And Abu Ubaidah Ma'mar bin Al-Muthanna narrated it as: 'Dahdarīn Sa'd al-Qayn', with Sa'd in the accusative. He mentioned that 'Dahdarīn' is in the accusative due to an implied verb. His apparent statement suggests that 'Dahdarīn' is a name for falsehood, the dual of 'dahdar', and he did not make it a name for an action as Abu Ali did. So it is as if he said: 'Discard falsehood and Sa'd al-Qayn', so his saying is not correct.

قال: وقد رواه قوم كما رواه الجوهري منفصلا فقالوا ده درين وفسر بأن ده فعل أمر من الدهاء إلا أنه قدمت الواو التي هي لامه إلى موضع عينه فصار دوه، ثم حذفت الواو لالتقاء الساكنين فصار ده كما فعلت في قل، ودرين من در يدر إذا تتابع، ويراد هاهنا بالتثنية التكرار، كما قالوا لبيك وحنانيك ودواليك، ويكون سعد القين منادى مفردا والقين نعته، فيكون المعنى: بالغ في الدهاء والكذب يا سعد القين؛

He said: And some people narrated it as Al-Jauhari narrated it, separated: 'Dah darīn'. And they explained that 'Dah' is an imperative verb from 'al-dahā'' (cunning), but the 'waw' which is its last letter was moved to the position of its middle letter, becoming 'duhw'. Then the 'waw' was deleted due to the meeting of two silent letters, becoming 'Dah', as done in 'qul' (say). And 'darīn' is from 'darra yadrurru' (to follow in succession). And here the dual is intended to mean repetition, as they say 'labbayka', 'hanānika', and 'dawālīka'. And Sa'd al-Qayn is a vocative, and al-Qayn is its adjective. The meaning would be: 'Be exceedingly cunning and deceitful, O Sa'd al-Qayn'.

قال ابن بري: وهذا القول حسن إلا أنه كان يجب أن تفتح الدال من درين لأنه جعله من در يدر إذا تتابع، قال: وقد يمكن أن يقول إن الدال ضمت للإتباع إتباعا لضمة الدال من ده، والله تعالى أعلم.

Ibn Barrī said: This explanation is good, except that the 'dal' in 'darīn' should have been opened (fatha) because he made it from 'darra yadrurru' if it follows in succession. He said: It is possible to say that the 'dal' was dhamma for assimilation, following the dhamma of the 'dal' in 'Dah'. And God Almighty knows best.