حشر

Root entry · 17 derived lemmas

The root حشر (ḥashara) primarily denotes the act of gathering, collecting, or assembling. This core meaning extends to the gathering of people on the Day of Judgment, the act of expulsion or exile from homelands, and the collection of animals or other entities. It can also refer to the process of thinning or refining, and in a biological context, to small ground-dwelling creatures.

Derived headwords

حَشَرَ، يَحْشُرُ، حَشْرًاverb

1.
to gather, assembleboth
To bring together a group of people or things into one place.
2.
to expel, exileclassical
To force people to leave their homes or country.
3.
to thin, refineclassical
To make something thinner, sharper, or more refined, like a blade or a feather.
4.
to perish, destroyclassical
Used to describe a severe drought or famine that destroys wealth and livestock.

حشرهم يحشرهم ويحشرهم حشرا: جمعهم — He gathered them, he gathers them, and he gathered them a gathering: he assembled them.

المَحْشَرnoun

1.
gathering placeboth
The place where people or things are assembled or gathered.
2.
Day of Judgment gathering placeclassical
Specifically refers to the place where people will be gathered on the Day of Judgment.

والمحشر: المجمع الذي يحشر إليه القوم — And the place of gathering: the assembly to which people are gathered.

الحَشْرnoun

1.
gathering, assemblyboth
The act of gathering or assembling people or things.
2.
gathering on the Day of Judgmentclassical
The assembly of people on the Day of Judgment.
3.
exile, expulsionclassical
The act of being driven out or exiled from one's homeland.
4.
deathclassical
In some contexts, it can refer to death, as it involves a gathering or cessation.

والحشر: جمع الناس يوم القيامة — And the gathering: the assembly of people on the Day of Judgment.

والحشر: هو الجلاء عن الأوطان — And the gathering: it is the exile from homelands.

الحَاشِرname

1.
The Gathererclassical
One of the names of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), signifying that he will gather people on the Day of Judgment.

والحاشر: من أسماء سيدنا رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، لأنه قال: أحشر الناس على قدمي — And Al-Hashir: one of the names of our master, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), because he said: I gather people on my authority.

حَشَرَةnoun

1.
small ground creatureboth
A general term for small crawling creatures of the earth, like lizards, hedgehogs, and beetles.
2.
insectboth
A general term for small, crawling things of the earth, often referring to insects or vermin.
3.
thin, delicate partclassical
Refers to a thin or delicate part, like the tip of a blade or a fine feather.

والحشرة: واحدة صغار دواب الأرض كاليرابيع والقنافذ والضباب ونحوها — And the creature: one of the small animals of the earth like jerboas, hedgehogs, and toads, and the like.

يا أم عمرو من يكن عقر حواء ... عدي يأكل الحشرات — O Umm Amr, whoever has a dwelling in Hawwa' ... Adi eats the crawling creatures.

المَحْشَرَةnoun

1.
pasture after harvestclassical
In the dialect of Yemen, it refers to the vegetation remaining on the ground after the crops have been harvested.

والمحشرة في لغة أهل اليمن ما بقي في الأرض وما فيها من نبات بعد ما يحصد الزرع — And Al-Mahsharah in the language of the people of Yemen is what remains on the ground and its vegetation after the crops are harvested.

حَشَرَ، يُحَشِّرُ، تَحْشِيرًاverb

1.
to sharpen, refineclassical
To sharpen or refine a blade, a tooth, or a feather, making it thin and precise.

وحشر السكين والأسنان حشرا: أحد فأرقه وألطفه — And he sharpened the knife and teeth a sharpening: he made them thin and delicate.

سِنَانٌ حَشِرadjective

1.
thin, sharp toothclassical
Describes a tooth that is thin and sharp.

وسنان حشر: دقيق — And a sharp tooth: thin.

حَرْبَةٌ حَشَرَةnoun

1.
thin iron tipclassical
Refers to a thin iron tip, likely of a weapon.

وحربة حشرة: حديدة — And a thin spearhead: an iron piece.

المَحْشُورadjective

1.
sharpened, thinnedclassical
Describes something that has been sharpened or thinned, like the metal of a weapon.

ومحشور حديدته — And the sharpened metal of his weapon.

الحُشُورnoun

1.
thin part of feathers/earsclassical
Refers to the thin, delicate part of feathers or ears.
2.
fat-belliedclassical
Describes a person with a large belly.

والحشر من القذذ والآذان: المؤللة الحديدة، والجمع حشور — And Al-ḥushur from feathers and ears: the sharpened iron, and the plural is ḥushūr.

المَحْشُورَةadjective

1.
thin, delicateclassical
Describes something that is thin and delicate, like the tip of a feather or an ear.

والمحشورة: كالحشر — And Al-maḥshūrah: like Al-ḥashr (thin).

أُذُنٌ حَشِرَةadjective

1.
small, delicate earclassical
Describes an ear that is small, delicate, and rounded.

وأذن حشرة وحشر: صغيرة لطيفة مستديرة — And a small, delicate, and rounded ear.

سَهْمٌ مَحْشُورadjective

1.
arrow with straight fletchingclassical
Describes an arrow whose fletching (feathers) is straight and well-aligned.

وسهم محشور وحشر: مستوي قذذ الريش — And a straight arrow and fletching: even feathering.

حَشَرَ، يُحَشِّرُ، حَشْرًاverb

1.
to stick, adhereclassical
To stick or adhere, like a viscous substance in a cup.

والحشر: اللزج في القدح من دسم اللبن — And Al-ḥashr: the sticky residue in a cup from the fat of milk.

أَبُو حَشْرٍname

1.
a man's nameclassical
A proper name of a man from the Arabs.

وأبو حشر: رجل من العرب — And Abu Ḥashr: a man from the Arabs.

حَشُورadjective

1.
fat-belliedclassical
Describes a person or animal with a large, protruding belly.

والحشور من الدواب: الملزز الخلق، ومن الرجال: العظيم البطن — And Al-ḥashūr from animals: stoutly built, and from men: large-bellied.

Parallel reading

حشرهم يحشرهم ويحشرهم حشرا: جمعهم؛ ومنه يوم المحشر.

He gathered them, he gathers them, and he gathered them a gathering: he assembled them; and from this is the Day of Gathering.

والحشر: جمع الناس يوم القيامة.

And the gathering: the assembly of people on the Day of Judgment.

والمحشر: المجمع الذي يحشر إليه القوم، وكذلك إذا حشروا إلى بلد أو معسكر أو نحوه؛

And the place of gathering: the assembly to which people are gathered, and likewise when they are gathered to a city or a camp or the like;

لأول الحشر ما ظننتم أن يخرجوا ؛

For the first gathering, you did not think they would leave;

فارقوه على الجلاء من منازلهم فجلوا إلى الشام.

they parted from him on the condition of leaving their homes, so they were exiled to Syria.

وهو أول حشر حشر إلى أرض المحشر ثم يحشر الخلق يوم القيامة إليها،

It was the first gathering that was gathered to the land of gathering, then all creation will be gathered to it on the Day of Judgment,

انقطعت الهجرة إلا من ثلاث: جهاد أو نية أو حشر ،

Migration has ceased except for three: striving, intention, or exile,

أي جهاد في سبيل الله، أو نية يفارق بها الرجل الفسق والفجور إذا لم يقدر على تغييره، أو جلاء ينال الناس فيخرجون عن ديارهم.

meaning striving in the cause of Allah, or an intention by which a man departs from sin and immorality if he cannot change it, or an exile that befalls people and they leave their homes.

والحشر: هو الجلاء عن الأوطان؛

And the gathering: it is the exile from homelands;

وقيل: أراد بالحشر الخروج من النفير إذا عم.

And it was said: by gathering, he meant leaving the battlefield when it is general.

المحشر، بكسر الشين، موضع الحشر.

Al-Maḥshar, with a kasra on the shin, is the place of gathering.

والحاشر: من أسماء سيدنا رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، لأنه قال: أحشر الناس على قدمي

And Al-Hashir: one of the names of our master, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), because he said: I gather people on my authority

أحشر الناس على قدمي

I gather people on my authority

والحاشر الذي يحشر الناس خلفه وعلى ملته دون ملة غيره.

And Al-Hashir is he who gathers people behind him and upon his religion, not upon any other religion.

وحشر الإبل: جمعها؛

And gathering camels: collecting them;

ثم إلى ربهم يحشرون ؛

then to their Lord they will be gathered;

فقيل: إن الحشر هاهنا الموت، وقيل: النشر، والمعنيان متقاربان لأنه كله كفت وجمع.

so it was said that the gathering here means death, and it was said it means resurrection, and the two meanings are close because it is all cessation and gathering.

وإذا الوحوش حشرت ،

And when the wild beasts are gathered,

وقال: ثم إلى ربهم يحشرون ؛

And He said: then to their Lord they will be gathered;

قال: أكثر المفسرين تحشر الوحوش كلها وسائر الدواب حتى الذباب للقصاص، وأسندوا ذلك إلى النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم،

He said: Most of the commentators say that all the wild beasts and other animals, even the flies, will be gathered for retribution, and they attributed this to the Prophet (peace be upon him),

وقال بعضهم: حشرها موتها في الدنيا.

And some of them said: their gathering is their death in this world.

إذا أصابت الناس سنة شديدة فأجحفت بالمال وأهلكت ذوات الأربع، قيل: قد حشرتهم السنة تحشرهم وتحشرهم، وذلك أنها تضمهم من النواحي إلى الأمصار.

When a severe drought befalls people and devastates wealth and destroys four-legged animals, it is said: the drought has gathered them, it gathers them and gathers them, because it brings them together from the regions to the cities.

وحشرت السنة مال فلان: أهلكته؛

And the drought destroyed so-and-so's wealth: it annihilated it;

وما نجا، من حشرها المحشوش، ... وحش، ولا طمش من الطموش

And none escaped from its devastating gathering... nor a wild animal, nor a creature of the earth.

والحشرة: واحدة صغار دواب الأرض كاليرابيع والقنافذ والضباب ونحوها، وهو اسم جامع لا يفرد الواحد إلا أن يقولوا: هذا من الحشرة،

And Al-ḥasharah: one of the small animals of the earth like jerboas, hedgehogs, and toads, and the like, and it is a general name, one is not singled out except by saying: this is from Al-ḥasharah,

يا أم عمرو من يكن عقر حواء ... عدي يأكل الحشرات «2» .

O Umm Amr, whoever has a dwelling in Hawwa' ... Adi eats the crawling creatures.

وقيل: الحشرات هوام الأرض مما لا اسم له.

And it was said: Al-ḥasharāt are the crawling things of the earth for which there is no specific name.

لم تدعها فتأكل من حشرات الأرض ؛

She did not leave it so that it would eat from the crawling creatures of the earth;

وهي هوام الأرض، ومنه حديث التلب: لم أسمع لحشرة الأرض تحريما ؛

And they are the crawling things of the earth, and from this is the Hadith of Al-Talb: I have not heard any prohibition regarding the crawling creatures of the earth;

وقيل: الصيد كله حشرة، ما تعاظم منه وتصاغر؛

And it was said: all game is ḥasharah, whether it is large or small;

وقيل: كل ما أكل من بقل الأرض حشرة.

And it was said: everything that is eaten from the plants of the earth is ḥasharah.

والحشرة أيضا: كل ما أكل من بقل الأرض كالدعاع والفث.

And Al-ḥasharah also: everything that is eaten from the plants of the earth like small insects and grass.

وقال أبو حنيفة: الحشرة القشرة التي تلي الحبة، والجمع حشر.

And Abu Hanifa said: Al-ḥasharah is the husk that is next to the grain, and the plural is ḥashr.

الحبة عليها قشرتان، فالتي تلي الحبة الحشرة، والجمع الحشر، والتي فوق الحشرة القصرة.

The grain has two husks, the one next to the grain is Al-ḥasharah, and the plural is Al-ḥashr, and the one above Al-ḥasharah is Al-qaṣrah.

والمحشرة في لغة أهل اليمن ما بقي في الأرض وما فيها من نبات بعد ما يحصد الزرع، فربما ظهر من تحته نبات أخضر فتلك المحشرة.

And Al-maḥsharah in the language of the people of Yemen is what remains on the ground and its vegetation after the crops are harvested, so perhaps green vegetation appears from beneath it, and that is Al-maḥsharah.

أرسلوا دوابهم في المحشرة.

They sent their animals to graze in the remaining vegetation.

وحشر السكين والسنان حشرا: أحد فأرقه وألطفه؛

And he sharpened the knife and teeth a sharpening: he made them thin and delicate;

لَدُن الكعوب ومحشور حديدته، ... وأصمع غير مجلوز على قضم

Near the ankles and the sharpened metal of his weapon, ... and a slender one not rough to bite

وسنان حشر: دقيق؛

And a sharp tooth: thin;

وقد حشرته حشرا.

And I sharpened it a sharpening.

فأخذت حجرا من الأرض فكسرته وحشرته ،

So I took a stone from the ground, broke it, and sharpened it,

وهو من حشرت السنان إذا دققته، والمشهور بالسين، وقد تقدم.

and it is from ḥashartu al-sinān if you thin it, and the famous version is with sin, as has preceded.

وحربة حشرة: حديدة.

And a thin spearhead: an iron piece.

حشر فلان في ذكره وفي بطنه، وأحثل فيهما إذا كانا ضخمين من بين يديه.

So-and-so was thick in his penis and in his belly, and they were large from before him.

نار تطرد الناس إلى محشرهم ؛

a fire that drives people to their gathering place;

يريد به الشام لأن بها يحشر الناس ليوم القيامة.

meaning Syria, because people will be gathered there for the Day of Judgment.

وتحشر بقيتهم إلى النار ؛

And the rest of them will be gathered to the fire;

أي تجمعهم وتسوقهم.

meaning He will gather them and drive them.

أن وفد ثقيف اشترطوا أن لا يعشروا ولا يحشروا ؛

that the delegation of Thaqif stipulated that they would not be taxed nor conscripted;

أي لا يندبون إلى المغازي ولا تضرب عليهم البعوث،

meaning they would not be called to raids nor would expeditions be sent against them,

وقيل: لا يحشرون إلى عامل الزكاة ليأخذ صدقة أموالهم بل يأخذها في أماكنهم؛

and it was said: they would not be gathered to the Zakat collector to take the charity of their wealth, but he would take it in their places;

على أن لا يحشروا ؛

on the condition that they would not be gathered;

لا يعشرن ولا يحشرن ؛

they shall not be taxed nor conscripted;

يعني للغزاة فإن الغزو لا يجب عليهن.

meaning for raids, as raiding is not obligatory for them.

والحشر من القذذ والآذان: المؤللة الحديدة، والجمع حشور؛

And Al-ḥashr from feathers and ears: the sharpened iron, and the plural is ḥushūr;

مطاريح بالوعث مر الحشور، ... هاجرن رماحة زيزفونا

Scattered in the rough terrain, the sharp edges of the spears, ... they migrated to the swift lances.

والمحشورة: كالحشر.

And Al-maḥshūrah: like Al-ḥashr (thin).

الحشر من الآذان ومن قذد ريش السهام ما لطف كأنما بري بريا.

Al-ḥashr from ears and from the feathers of arrows is what is thin, as if it were whittled.

وأذن حشرة وحشر: صغيرة لطيفة مستديرة؛

And a small, delicate, and rounded ear.

دقيقة الطرف، سميت في الأخيرة بالمصدر لأنها حشرت حشرا أي صغرت وألطفت.

Its edge is fine, it is named in the latter case from the masdar because it was made ḥashran, meaning small and delicate.

كأنها حشرت حشرا أي بريت وحددت، وكذلك غيرها؛ فرس حشور، والأنثى حشورة.

As if it were made ḥashran, meaning whittled and sharpened, and so is other than it; a horse is ḥashūr, and the female is ḥashūrah.

رجل عدل ونسوة عدل،

a just man and just women,

فلهذه العلة، كما قالوا: رجل عدل ونسوة عدل،

for this reason, as they said: a just man and just women,

ومن قال حشرات فعلى حشرة، وقيل: كل لطيف دقيق حشر.

And whoever says ḥasharāt, it is based on ḥasharah, and it was said: everything delicate and fine is ḥashr.

يستحب في البعير أن يكون حشر الأذن، وكذلك يستحب في الناقة؛

It is recommended for a camel to have a delicate ear, and it is also recommended for a she-camel;

لها أذن حشر وذفرى لطيفة، ... وخد كمرآة الغريبة أسجح «1»

She has a delicate ear and a fine nape, ... and a cheek like the mirror of a stranger, smooth

آذان حشر لا يثنى ولا يجمع لأنه مصدر في الأصل مثل قولهم ماء غور وماء سكب،

delicate ears, it is not dualized or pluralized because it is originally a masdar, like their saying 'ghawr water' and 'sakb water',

وقد قيل: أذن حشرة؛

And it has been said: a delicate ear;

لها أذن حشرة مشرة، ... كإعليط مرخ إذا ما صفر

She has a delicate, prominent ear, ... like the branch of a marakh tree when it is bare

وسهم حشر: ملزق جيد القذذ، وكذلك الريش.

And an arrow with straight fletching: well-aligned good feathers, and so is the fletching.

وحشر العود حشرا: براه.

And he carved the wood a carving: he shaped it.

والحشر: اللزج في القدح من دسم اللبن؛

And Al-ḥashr: the sticky residue in a cup from the fat of milk;

وقيل: الحشر اللزج من اللبن كالحشن.

And it was said: Al-ḥashr is the sticky residue from milk, like Al-ḥashn.

وحشر عن الوطب إذا كثر وسخ اللبن عليه فقشر عنه؛

And he scraped off the skin from the skin-bag if the milk's dirt increased on it and he peeled it off;

إنما هو حشن، وكلاهما على صيغة فعل المفعول.

it is only ḥashn, and both are in the form of the passive participle.

والحشور من الدواب: الملزز الخلق، ومن الرجال: العظيم البطن؛

And Al-ḥashūr from animals: stoutly built, and from men: large-bellied;

حشورة الجنبين معطاء القفا

Wide-flanked, generous of the nape

وقيل: الحشور مثال الجرول المنتفخ الجنبين، والأنثى بالهاء،

And it was said: Al-ḥashūr is like a sack with swollen flanks, and the feminine is with ha',