الجَشْرُ: بَقْلُ الرَّبِيعِ.
Al-jashr: the herbage of spring.
وَجَشَّرُوا الخَيْلَ وَجَشَّرُوهَا: أَرْسَلُوهَا فِي الجَشْرِ.
And they sent the horses out to jashr, and sent them out for jashr: they sent them out to graze.
وَأَصْبَحُوا جَشْرًا وَجُشْرًا إِذَا كَانُوا يَبِيتُونَ مَكَانَهُمْ لَا يَرْجِعُونَ إِلَى أَهْلِيهِمْ.
And they became jashran and jushran if they stayed in their place overnight without returning to their families.
فِي حَدِيثِ عُثْمَانَ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ جَشْرُكُمْ مِنْ صَلَاتِكُمْ فَإِنَّمَا يُقَصِّرُ الصَّلَاةَ مَنْ كَانَ شَاخِصًا أَوْ يَحْضُرُهُ عَدُوٌّ.
In the hadith of Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: Let not your jashr (camping out) deceive you from your prayers, for only one who is traveling or is confronted by an enemy shortens the prayer.
قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ: الجَشْرُ القَوْمُ يَخْرُجُونَ بِدَوَابِّهِمْ إِلَى المَرْعَى وَيَبِيتُونَ مَكَانَهُمْ وَلَا يَأْوُونَ إِلَى البُيُوتِ، وَرُبَّمَا رَأَوْهُ سَفَرًا فَقَصَّرُوا الصَّلَاةَ فَنَهَاهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ المَقَامَ فِي المَرْعَى وَإِنْ طَالَ فَلَيْسَ بِسَفَرٍ.
Abu Ubaid said: Al-jashr are people who go out with their animals to pasture and stay overnight in their place, not returning to their homes. Sometimes they considered it travel and shortened their prayers, so he forbade them from that because staying in the pasture, even if long, is not considered travel.
فِي حَدِيثِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ: يَا مَعْشَرَ الجَشَّارِ لَا تَغْتَرُّوا بِصَلَاتِكُمْ ؛ الجَشَّارُ جَمْعُ جَاشِرٍ.
In the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud: O assembly of the jashshar, do not be deceived by your prayers; al-jashshar is the plural of jashir.
وَمِنَّا مَنْ هُوَ فِي جَشْرَةٍ.
And among us is one who is in a jashrah (state of roughness/hoarseness).
مَنْ تَرَكَ القُرْآنَ شَهْرَيْنِ فَلَمْ يَقْرَأْهُ فَقَدْ جَشَّرَهُ أَيْ تَبَاعَدَ عَنْهُ.
Whoever abandaves the Quran for two months and does not read it has jasharahu, meaning he has distanced himself from it.
يُقَالُ: جَشَرَ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ أَيْ غَابَ عَنْهُمْ.
It is said: jashara from his family, meaning he was absent from them.
بَنُو فُلَانٍ جَشِرٌ إِذَا كَانُوا يَبِيتُونَ مَكَانَهُمْ لَا يَأْوُونَ بُيُوتَهُمْ، وَكَذَلِكَ مَالٌ جَشِرٌ لَا يَأْوِي إِلَى أَهْلِهِ.
The people of so-and-so are jashir if they stay in their place overnight without returning to their homes, and likewise, property is jashir if it does not return to its owners.
وَإِبِلٌ جَشِرٌ: تَذْهَبُ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ، وَكَذَلِكَ الحُمُرُ؛ قَالَ: وَآخَرُونَ كَالحَمِيرِ الجَشِرِ.
And camels are jashir: they go wherever they please, and likewise the donkeys; he said: And others are like the jashir donkeys.
وَقَوْمٌ جَشِرٌ وَجُشْرٌ: عُزَّابٌ فِي إِبِلِهِمْ.
And people are jashir and jushr: bachelors with their camels.
وَجَشَرْنَا دَوَابَّنَا: أَخْرَجْنَاهَا إِلَى المَرْعَى نَجْشُرُهَا جَشْرًا، بِالإِسْكَانِ، وَلَا نَرُوحُ.
And we jasharna our animals: we took them out to pasture, we jashr them jashran (with sukun), and we do not return.
وَخَيْلٌ مُجَشَّرَةٌ بِالحِمَى أَيْ مَرْعِيَّةٌ.
And horses are mujashsharah in the pasture, meaning grazed.
المُجَشِّرُ الَّذِي لَا يَرْعَى قُرْبَ المَاءِ؛ وَالمُنْذِرِيُّ: الَّذِي يَرْعَى قُرْبَ المَاءِ؛ أَنْشَدَ ابْنُ الأَعْرَابِيِّ لِابْنِ أَحْمَرَ فِي الجَشْرِ: إِنَّكَ لَوْ رَأَيْتَنِي وَالقَسْرَا، ... مُجَشِّرِينَ قَدْ رَعَيْنَا شَهْرًا لَمْ تَرَ فِي النَّاسِ رِعَاءً جَشْرًا، ... أَتَمَّ مِنَّا قَصَبًا وَسَيْرًا
Al-mujashshir is he who does not graze near water; and Al-Mundhiri: he who grazes near water; Ibn Al-A'rabi recited for Ibn Ahmar regarding al-jashr: If you had seen me and Al-Qasra, ... mujashshirin having grazed for a month, you would not have seen among people jashr shepherds, ... more complete than us in grass and travel.
الجَشْرُ وَالجَشْرُ: حِجَارَةٌ تَنْبُتُ فِي البَحْرِ.
Al-jashr and al-jashr: stones that grow in the sea.
يُقَالُ مَكَانٌ جَشِرٌ أَيْ كَثِيرُ الجَشْرِ، بِتَحْرِيكِ الشِّينِ.
It is said: a place is jashir, meaning abundant in jashr (rough sea stones), with harakat on the shin.
الجَشْرُ مَا يَكُونُ فِي سَوَاحِلِ البَحْرِ وَقَرَارِهِ مِنَ الحَصَى وَالأَصْدَافِ، يَلْزَقُ بَعْضُهَا بِبَعْضٍ فَتَصِيرُ حَجَرًا تُنْحَتُ مِنْهُ الأَرْحِيَةُ بِالبَصْرَةِ لَا تَصْلُحُ لِلطَّحْنِ، وَلَكِنَّهَا تُسَوَّى لِرُؤُوسِ البَلَالِيعِ.
Al-jashr is what is found on the coasts and bottom of the sea from pebbles and shells, some sticking to others, becoming stones from which millstones are carved in Basra; they are not suitable for grinding, but they are leveled for the heads of drains.
وَالجَشْرُ: وَسَخٌ وَطَبٌ مِنَ اللَّبَنِ؛ يُقَالُ: وَطَبٌ جَشِرٌ أَيْ وَسِخٌ.
And al-jashr: filth and a milk-skin (watab); it is said: a watab is jashir, meaning dirty.
وَالجَشْرَةُ: القِشْرَةُ السُّفْلَى الَّتِي عَلَى حَبَّةِ الحِنْطَةِ.
And al-jashrah: the lower husk that is on the grain of wheat.
وَالجَشْرُ وَالجَشْرَةُ: خُشُونَةٌ فِي الصَّدْرِ وَغِلَظٌ فِي الصَّوْتِ وَسُعَالٌ؛ وَفِي التَّهْذِيبِ: بَحَحٌ فِي الصَّوْتِ. يُقَالُ: بِهِ جَشْرَةٌ وَقَدْ جَشِرَ.
And al-jashr and al-jashrah: roughness in the chest, thickness in the voice, and a cough; and in Al-Tahdhib: hoarseness in the voice. It is said: he has jashrah and he has become jashir.
وَرَجُلٌ مَجْشُورٌ. وَبَعِيرٌ أَجْشَرُ وَنَاقَةٌ جَشْرَاءُ: بِهِمَا جَشْرَةٌ.
And a man is majshur. And a camel is ajshar and a she-camel is jashra': they have jashrah.
أَصْبَحَ بَنُو فُلَانٍ جَشْرًا إِذَا كَانُوا يَبِيتُونَ فِي مَكَانِهِمْ فِي الإِبِلِ وَلَا يَرْجِعُونَ إِلَى بُيُوتِهِمْ؛ قَالَ الأَخْطَلُ: تَسْأَلُهُ الصَّبْرَ مِنْ غَسَّانَ، إِذْ حَضَرُوا، ... وَالحَزْنَ كَيْفَ قَرَاهُ الغِلْمَةُ الجَشْرُ
The people of so-and-so became jashran if they stayed in their place with the camels overnight and did not return to their homes; Al-Akhtal said: You ask him for patience from Ghassan, when they were present, ... and Al-Hazn, how the jashr youths received him.
وَكَانَ يَقُولُ لَهُمْ: إِنَّمَا أَنْتُمْ جَشَرٌ لَا أُبَالِي بِكُمْ، وَلِهَذَا يَقُولُ فِيهَا مُخَاطِبًا لِعَبْدِ المَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ: يَعْرِفُونَكَ رَأْسَ ابْنِ الحَبَابِ وَقَدْ ... أَضْحَى، وَلِلسَّيْفِ فِي خَيْشُومِهِ أَثَرٌ
And he used to say to them: You are merely jashar, I do not care about you, and for this reason he says in it, addressing Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan: They know you as the head of Ibn al-Hubab, and indeed ... it has become, and the sword has left a mark in his nose.
وَالجَشْرَةُ: القِشْرَةُ السُّفْلَى الَّتِي عَلَى حَبَّةِ الحِنْطَةِ.
And al-jashrah: the lower husk that is on the grain of wheat.
وَالجَشْرَةُ وَالجَشْرَةُ: خُشُونَةٌ فِي الصَّدْرِ وَغِلَظٌ فِي الصَّوْتِ وَسُعَالٌ؛ وَفِي التَّهْذِيبِ: بَحَحٌ فِي الصَّوْتِ. يُقَالُ: بِهِ جَشْرَةٌ وَقَدْ جَشِرَ.
And al-jashrah and al-jashrah: roughness in the chest, thickness in the voice, and a cough; and in Al-Tahdhib: hoarseness in the voice. It is said: he has jashrah and he has become jashir.
وَالجَشَّةُ وَالجَشَشُ: انْتِشَارُ الصَّوْتِ فِي بُحَّةٍ.
And al-jashshah and al-jashash: the spreading of the voice in hoarseness.
ابْنُ الأَعْرَابِيِّ: الجَشْرَةُ الزُّكَامُ.
Ibn Al-A'rabi: Al-jashrah is a cold.
وَجَشَرَ السَّاحِلُ، بِالكَسْرِ، يَجْشُرُ جَشْرًا إِذَا خَشُنَ طِينُهُ وَيَبِسَ كَالحَجَرِ.
And the coast jashara, with kasr, yajshuru jashran when its mud becomes rough and dries like stone.
وَالجَشِيرُ: الجَوَّالَقُ الضَّخْمُ، وَالجَمْعُ أَجْشِرَةٌ وَجُشُرٌ؛ قَالَ الرَّاجِزُ: يُعَجِّلُ إِضْجَاعَ الجَشِيرِ القَاعِدِ
And al-jashir: the large sack, and the plural is ajshirah and jushur; the rajaz poet said: He hastens the lying down of the sitting jashir.
وَالجَفِيرُ وَالجَشِيرُ: الوَفْضَةُ، وَهِيَ الكِنَانَةُ.
And al-jafir and al-jashir: the wafdah, which is the quiver.
وَالجَشِيرُ الوَفْضَةُ وَهِيَ الجَعْبَةُ مِنْ جُلُودٍ تَكُونُ مَشْقُوقَةً فِي جَنْبِهَا، يُفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ بِهَا لِيَدْخُلَهَا الرِّيحُ فَلَا يَأْتَكِلَ الرِّيشُ.
And al-jashir is the wafdah, which is the quiver made of skins, having a slit in its side; this is done to it so that air enters it and the feathers do not rot.
وَجَنْبٌ جَاشِرٌ: مُنْتَفِخٌ.
And a flank is jashir: distended.
وَتَجَشَّرَ بَطْنُهُ: انْتَفَخَ؛ أَنْشَدَ ثَعْلَبٌ: فَقَامَ وَثَابَ نَبِيلٌ مِحْزَمُهُ. ... لَمْ يَتَجَشَّرْ مِنْ طَعَامٍ يَبْشِمُهُ
And his stomach tajashshara: became distended; Tha'lab recited: So he stood and his belt was firm. ... He did not tajashshar from food that made him feel full.
وَجَشَرَ الصُّبْحُ يَجْشُرُ جُشُورًا: طَلَعَ وَانْفَلَقَ.
And the morning jashara yajshuru jushuran: it rose and broke.
وَالجَاشِرِيَّةُ: الشَّرْبُ مَعَ الصُّبْحِ، وَيُوصَفُ بِهِ فَيُقَالُ: شَرْبَةٌ جَاشِرِيَّةٌ؛ قَالَ: وَنَدِيمٌ يَزِيدُ الكَأْسَ طِيبًا، ... سُقِيتُ الجَاشِرِيَّةَ أَوْ سَقَانِي
And al-jashiriyyah: drinking with the morning, and it is described as: a jashiriyyah drink; he said: And a companion who enhances the cup's goodness, ... I was given the jashiriyyah to drink, or it gave me to drink.
وَيُقَالُ: اصْطَبَحْنَا الجَاشِرِيَّةَ، وَلَا يَتَصَرَّفُ لَهُ فِعْلٌ؛ وَقَالَ الفَرَزْدَقُ: إِذَا مَا شَرِبْنَا الجَاشِرِيَّةَ لَمْ نَبْلُ ... أَمِيرًا، وَإِنْ كَانَ الأَمِيرُ مِنَ الأَزْدِ
And it is said: We had the jashiriyyah in the morning, and its verb is not conjugated; and Al-Farazdaq said: When we drink the jashiriyyah, we do not care about ... a prince, even if the prince is from Al-Azd.
وَالجَاشِرِيَّةُ: قَبِيلَةٌ فِي رَبِيعَةَ.
And Al-Jashiriyyah: a tribe in Rabi'ah.
وَأَمَّا الجَاشِرِيَّةُ الَّتِي فِي شِعْرِ الأَعْشَى فَهِيَ قَبِيلَةٌ مِنْ قَبَائِلِ العَرَبِ.
As for Al-Jashiriyyah in the poetry of Al-A'sha, it is a tribe from the tribes of the Arabs.
وَفِي حَدِيثِ الحَجَّاجِ: أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى عَامِلِهِ أَنْ ابْعَثْ إِلَيَّ بِالجَشِيرِ اللُّؤْلُؤِيِّ ؛ الجَشِيرُ: الجِرَابُ؛ قَالَ ابْنُ الأَثِيرِ: قَالَهُ الزَّمَخْشَرِيُّ.
And in the hadith of Al-Hajjaj: that he wrote to his governor to send him the pearl jashir; Al-jashir: the bag; Ibn Al-Athir said: Al-Zamakhshari said this.