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بور

Root entry · 21 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns concepts of destruction, ruin, perishing, and invalidity. It extends to meanings of failure, loss of value, and barrenness, particularly in economic contexts like market stagnation and uncultivated land. It also encompasses testing, trying, and experiencing.

Derived headwords

البَوَارnoun
  1. 1.
    destruction, ruinboth

    The state of being destroyed, perishing, or ruined.

  2. 2.
    stagnation, declineboth

    A state of being stagnant or in decline, especially in markets or trade.

  3. 3.
    barrennessboth

    The condition of land that is uncultivated or unfruitful.

دار البوار — the abode of destruction
نعوذ بالله من بوار الأيم — We seek refuge in God from the stagnation of a woman who has no husband (i.e., remaining unmarried and undesirable).
بَارَverb
  1. 1.
    to perish, be destroyedboth

    To be ruined, destroyed, or perish.

  2. 2.
    to stagnate, be unsaleableboth

    To become stagnant, especially in a market or trade; to be unsaleable.

  3. 3.
    to become invalid, be nullifiedboth

    To become invalid, void, or nullified, referring to actions or deeds.

  4. 4.
    to be tested, experiencedclassical

    To be tested or experienced.

بار فلان أي هلك — So-and-so perished, meaning he was destroyed.
بارت السوق — The market became stagnant.
بار عمله — His deed became void.
بار يبور بورا إذا جرب — He tested, he experienced, if he tried.
أَبَارَهُمُ اللهverb
  1. 1.
    God destroyed themboth

    A passive construction indicating that God caused them to be destroyed or perish.

أَبَارَهُمُ الله — And God caused their destruction.
بُورadjective
  1. 1.
    destroyed, perishedboth

    Describing someone or something that is destroyed, perished, or ruined.

  2. 2.
    barren, uncultivatedboth

    Describing land that is barren, uncultivated, or unfruitful.

  3. 3.
    corrupt, worthlessboth

    Describing a person who is corrupt, worthless, or without good.

ورجل بور — and a ruined man
وكنتم قوما بورا — and you were a people destroyed
والبور: الأرض التي لم تزرع — And al-būr: the land that was not cultivated.
بَائِرadjective
  1. 1.
    perished, destroyedboth

    One who has perished or been destroyed.

  2. 2.
    stagnant, unsaleableboth

    Describing a market or goods that are stagnant or unsaleable.

  3. 3.
    corrupt, invalidboth

    Describing something that is corrupt, invalid, or without value.

البائر الهالك — The perished, the destroyed.
وسوق بائرة أي كاسدة — and a stagnant market, meaning unsaleable.
رجل حائر بائر — a confused, lost man
أَبَارَverb
  1. 1.
    to cause to perish, destroyboth

    To cause someone or something to perish or be destroyed.

  2. 2.
    to test, examineclassical

    To test, examine, or investigate something or someone.

وأباره الله، ورجل بور — and God caused him to perish, and a ruined man.
لو عرفناه أبرنا عترته — If we had known him, we would have destroyed his offspring.
مُبِيرadjective
  1. 1.
    destroyer, annihilatorboth

    One who causes destruction or annihilation, often excessively.

كذاب ومبير — a liar and a destroyer
البَوَارnoun
  1. 1.
    destructionboth

    The state or act of being destroyed.

إن التظالم في الصديق بوار — Indeed, injustice towards a friend is destruction.
بَوَّارadjective
  1. 1.
    destroyerclassical

    One who causes destruction.

بَارَتِ السُّوقُverb
  1. 1.
    the market stagnatedboth

    The market became stagnant, with no sales or demand.

وبارت السوق وبارت البياعات إذا كسدت تبور — and the market became stagnant, and the sales became stagnant when they became unsaleable.
البُورnoun
  1. 1.
    uncultivated landboth

    Land that has not been cultivated or sown.

ولكم البور والمعامي وأغفال الأرض — and for you is the uncultivated land, the unknown tracts, and the neglected parts of the earth.
بَارَ المَتَاعُverb
  1. 1.
    the goods became unsaleableboth

    The merchandise became stagnant and unsaleable.

وبار المتاع — and the goods became unsaleable.
بَارَ عَمَلُهُverb
  1. 1.
    his deed became voidboth

    His action or deed became invalid or nullified.

وبار عمله — and his deed became void.
حَائِرٌ بَائِرٌadjective
  1. 1.
    confused and lostboth

    Describing someone who is confused, lost, and unable to find direction.

ورجل حائر بائر — and a confused, lost man.
اِبْتَهَرَهَاverb
  1. 1.
    to falsely accuse herclassical

    To falsely accuse a woman of something, implying a false claim of fornication.

فإن كان كاذبا فقد ابتهرها — and if he was lying, he falsely accused her.
اِبْتِيَارnoun
  1. 1.
    testing, examinationclassical

    The act of testing, examining, or investigating.

والابتيار مثله — and al-ibtiyār is similar to it.
بَارَهُverb
  1. 1.
    to test him/itclassical

    To test, examine, or investigate him or it.

وباره بورا وابتاره، كلاهما: اختبره — and he tested him, both mean: he examined him.
اِبْتَارَهَاverb
  1. 1.
    to test herclassical

    To test or examine her, specifically a female animal to check for pregnancy.

والفحل الناقة يبورها بورا ويبتارها وابتارها — and the male camel tests the female camel, he tests her, and he tests her, and he tests her.
مُبَوَّرadjective
  1. 1.
    tested, examinedclassical

    Describing something or someone that has been tested or examined.

وفحل مبور: عالم بالحالين من الناقة — and a tested male (animal): knowledgeable about both conditions of the female.
البُورِيّnoun
  1. 1.
    reed matboth

    A mat woven from reeds.

كان لا يرى بأسا بالصلاة على البوري — He saw no harm in praying on the reed mat.
البَارِيَةnoun
  1. 1.
    reed matboth

    A mat woven from reeds.

كالخص إذ جلله الباري — like a bull's lair when the mat covers it.

Parallel reading

الهلاك
destruction
بار بورا وبوارا وأبارهم الله
he perished with ruin and destruction, and God destroyed them
ورجل بور
and a ruined man
وكنتم قوما بورا
and you were a people destroyed
وقد يكون بور هنا جمع بائر مثل حول وحائل
and būr here might be a plural of bā'ir, like ḥawl and ḥā'il
ورجل بائر وقوم بور، بفتح الباء، فهو على هذا اسم للجمع كنائم ونوم وصائم وصوم
and a bā'ir man and būr people, with the bā' pronounced open, then it is, by this, a name for the collective like nā'im and nawm, ṣā'im and ṣawm
قال الفراء في قوله: وكنتم قوما بورا ، قال: البور مصدر يكون واحدا وجمعا
Al-Farra' said regarding His saying: 'and you were a people destroyed', he said: Al-būr is a masdar that can be singular and plural
يقال: أصبحت منازلهم بورا أي لا شيء فيها، وكذلك أعمال الكفار تبطل
It is said: their dwellings became būr, meaning empty of anything, and likewise the deeds of disbelievers are nullified.
رجل بور ورجلان بور وقوم بور، وكذلك الأنثى، ومعناه هالك
a ruined man, two ruined men, and ruined people, and likewise the female, and its meaning is perished.
البائر الهالك، والبائر المجرب، والبائر الكاسد، وسوق بائرة أي كاسدة
Al-bā'ir is the perished, al-bā'ir is the tested, al-bā'ir is the unsaleable, and a stagnant market, meaning unsaleable.
البور الرجل الفاسد الهالك الذي لا خير فيه
Al-būr is the corrupt, ruined man who has no good in him.
وقد بار فلان أي هلك
And so-and-so perished, meaning he was destroyed.
وأباره الله: أهلكه
And God destroyed him: He caused him to perish.
فأولئك قوم بور ؛ أي هلكى، جمع بائر
then those are būr people; meaning perished, a plural of bā'ir
لو عرفناه أبرنا عترته
If we had known him, we would have destroyed his offspring.
كذاب ومبير ؛ أي مهلك يسرف في إهلاك الناس
a liar and a destroyer; meaning one who destroys, who is excessive in destroying people.
دار البوار: دار الهلاك
The abode of destruction: the abode of perishing.
نزلت بوار على الناس، بكسر الراء، مثل قطام اسم الهلكة
Destruction descended upon the people, with the rā' pronounced with a kasra, like Qaṭṭām, a name for destruction.
إن التظالم في الصديق بوار
Indeed, injustice towards a friend is destruction.
بار يبور بورا إذا جرب
He tested, he experienced, if he tried.
والبوار: الكساد
And al-bawār: stagnation.
وبارت السوق وبارت البياعات إذا كسدت تبور
And the market became stagnant, and the sales became stagnant when they became unsaleable.
ومن هذا قيل: نعوذ بالله من بوار الأيم أي كسادها، وهو أن تبقى المرأة في بيتها لا يخطبها خاطب، من بارت السوق إذا كسدت، والأيم التي لا زوج لها وهي مع ذلك لا يرغب فيها أحد
And from this it is said: We seek refuge in God from the stagnation of a woman who has no husband, meaning her stagnation, which is that a woman remains in her house, no suitor proposing to her, from the market becoming stagnant if it is unsaleable, and al-ayyim is she who has no husband and yet no one desires her.
والبور: الأرض التي لم تزرع والمعامي المجهولة والأغفال ونحوها
And al-būr: the land that was not cultivated, the unknown tracts, and the neglected lands, and the like.
ولكم البور والمعامي وأغفال الأرض
and for you is the uncultivated land, the unknown tracts, and the neglected parts of the earth.
وهو بالفتح مصدر وصف به، ويروى بالضم، وهو جمع البوار، وهي الأرض الخراب التي لم تزرع
And it is with the fatḥa a masdar described by it, and it is narrated with the ḍamma, and it is a plural of al-bawār, which is the ruined land that was not cultivated.
وبار المتاع: كسد
And the goods became stagnant: they became unsaleable.
وبار عمله: بطل
And his deed became void: it became nullified.
ومنه قوله تعالى: ومكر أولئك هو يبور
And from this is His saying, the Almighty: 'And the plotting of those will be void.'
وبور الأرض، بالضم: ما بار منها ولم يعمر بالزرع
And the būr of the land, with the ḍamma: what became stagnant of it and was not cultivated with planting.
البائر في اللغة الفاسد الذي لا خير فيه
Al-bā'ir in the language is the corrupt one who has no good in him.
وكذلك أرض بائرة متروكة من أن يزرع فيها
And likewise a bā'irah land, left uncultivated.
والبور، بفتح الباء وسكون الواو، الأرض كلها قبل أن تستخرج حتى تصلح للزرع أو الغرس
And al-būr, with the bā' open and the wāw silent, is all the land before it is prepared until it is suitable for planting or grafting.
والبور: الأرض التي لم تزرع؛ عن أبي عبيد وهو في الحديث
And al-būr: the land that was not cultivated; from Abu Ubaid, and it is in the hadith.
ورجل حائر بائر: يكون من الكسل ويكون من الهلاك
And a confused, lost man: it can be from laziness and it can be from destruction.
رجل حائر بائر، لا يتجه لشيء ضال تائه، وهو إتباع، والابتيار مثله
A confused, lost man, who does not turn to anything, astray and wandering, and it is an iṭbāʿ, and al-ibtiyār is similar to it.
الرجال ثلاثة، فرجل حائر بائر إذا لم يتجه لشيء
Men are three, and a confused, lost man is one who does not turn to anything.
ويقال للرجل إذا قذف امرأة بنفسه: إنه فجر بها، فإن كان كاذبا فقد ابتهرها، وإن كان صادقا فهو الابتيار، بغير همز، افتعال من برت الشيء أبوره إذا خبرته
And it is said of a man if he falsely accuses a woman of himself: he has committed fornication with her, and if he was lying, he has falsely accused her, and if he was truthful, he is al-ibtiyār, without hamza, an iṣtinfāʿ from barata al-shay'a abūruhu if he experienced it.
إما ابتهارا وإما ابتيارا يقول: إما بهتانا وإما اختبارا بالصدق لاستخراج ما عندها
either falsely accusing or testing, meaning: either falsely or testing with truth to extract what she has.
وباره بورا وابتاره، كلاهما: اختبره
And he tested him, and he tested him, both mean: he examined him.
بضرب كآذان الفراء فضوله، وطعن كإيزاغ المخاض تبورها
with striking like the ears of the fox its excess, and stabbing like the casting of the pregnant camel's urine, you test her.
كإيزاغ المخاض يعني قذفها بأبوالها، وذلك إذا كانت حوامل، شبه خروج الدم برمي المخاض أبوالها
Like the casting of the pregnant camel's urine means its casting of its urine, and that is when they are pregnant, comparing the exit of blood to the pregnant camel's casting of its urine.
تختبرها أنت حتى تعرضها على الفحل، ألاقح هي أم لا؟
you test her until you present her to the stallion, is she pregnant or not?
وبار الفحل الناقة يبورها بورا ويبتارها وابتارها: جعل يتشممها لينظر ألاقح هي أم حائل
And the stallion tested the she-camel, he tested her, and he tested her, and he tested her: he began to sniff her to see if she was pregnant or barren.
برت الناقة أبورها بورا عرضتها على الفحل تنظر ألاقح هي أم لا، لأنها إذا كانت لاقحا بالت في وجه الفحل إذا تشممها
The she-camel was tested, I tested her, by presenting her to the stallion to see if she was pregnant or not, because if she was pregnant, she would urinate in the stallion's face if he sniffed her.
وبر لي ما عند فلان أي اعلمه وامتحن لي ما في نفسه
And test for me what so-and-so has, meaning inform me and examine for me what is in his heart.
أن داود سأل سليمان، عليهما السلام، وهو يبتار علمه أي يختبره ويمتحنه
That David asked Solomon, peace be upon them, while he was testing his knowledge, meaning testing him and examining him.
كنا نبور أولادنا بحب علي، عليه السلام
We used to test our children with the love of Ali, peace be upon him.
حتى والله ما نحسب إلا أن ذلك شيء يبتار به إسلامنا
By God, we do not think except that it is something by which our Islam is tested.
وفحل مبور: عالم بالحالين من الناقة
And a tested male (animal): knowledgeable about both conditions of the female.
والبوري والبورية والبورياء والباري والبارياء والبارية: فارسي معرب، قيل: هو الطريق، وقيل: الحصير المنسوج، وفي الصحاح: التي من القصب
And al-būrī, and al-būriyyah, and al-būriyā', and al-bārī, and al-bāriyā', and al-bāriyyah: a Persian loanword, it is said: it is the path, and it is said: the woven mat, and in Al-Ṣiḥāḥ: that which is made of reeds.
البورياء بالفارسية وهو بالعربية باري وبوري
Al-būriyā' in Persian, and in Arabic it is bārī and būrī.
كالخص إذ جلله الباري
like a bull's lair when the mat covers it.
وكان لا يرى بأسا بالصلاة على البوري ؛ هي الحصير المعمول من القصب، ويقال فيها بارية وبورياء
And he saw no harm in praying on the būrī; it is the mat made of reeds, and it is also called bāriyyah and būriyyā'.