ءشر

Root entry · 30 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns concepts of exuberance, boastfulness, and excessive pride, often leading to recklessness or insolence. It also extends to physical descriptions like notches, serrations, or sharp edges, and includes the act of sawing or cutting wood.

Derived headwords

الأَشَرُnoun

1.
exuberanceboth
Lively high spirits and cheerful excitement, often bordering on boastfulness.
2.
insolenceclassical
Excessive pride and boastfulness, leading to insolence or arrogance.

أَشِرَverb

1.
to be exuberantboth
To be characterized by lively high spirits and cheerful excitement.
2.
to be insolentclassical
To be boastful and arrogant due to excessive pride.

أشر الرجل، بالكسر، يأشر أشرا، فهو أشر وأشر وأشران: مرح — The man was exuberant, he becomes exuberant with exuberance, so he is exuberant, boastful, and very boastful: cheerful.

أَشِرٌadjective

1.
exuberantboth
Characterized by exuberance and cheerfulness.
2.
insolentclassical
Boastful and arrogant.

أَشِرَانٌadjective

1.
very boastfulclassical
Intensely boastful and arrogant.

آشَرَهُverb

1.
to make insolentclassical
To cause someone to become boastful and arrogant.

وأبشره أي أبطره وأنشطه — and it made him insolent, meaning it made him boastful and animated.

أَشِرٌ أَفِرٌphrase

1.
boastful and proudclassical
A phrase emphasizing extreme boastfulness and pride.

أَشِرَانٌ أَفْرَانٌphrase

1.
extremely boastful and proudclassical
A phrase denoting an even greater degree of boastfulness and pride.

أَشِرُونَnoun

1.
boastful peopleclassical
Plural of 'ashir', referring to people characterized by boastfulness and arrogance.

أَشَارَىnoun

1.
boastful peopleclassical
Plural of 'ashiran', referring to people who are extremely boastful.

أَشَائِنَnoun

1.
valleysclassical
A place name or description referring to valleys, possibly with a connotation related to the root's meaning.

بوادي أشائن، إذلالها — in the valleys of Ashain, their humiliation.

أَشَرٌnoun

1.
notchesboth
Serrations or notches, especially those found naturally or made on teeth.
2.
sharpnessclassical
A sharpness or keenness, particularly referring to the edge of teeth.

أَشَرَverb

1.
to notchboth
To make notches or serrations, especially on teeth.
2.
to sawboth
To cut wood with a saw.

وأشر النخل أشرا كثر شربه للماء فكثرت فراخه — And the palm tree became notched (or grew abundantly) from excessive drinking of water, so its offshoots multiplied.

وأشر الخشبة بالمئشار، مهموز: نشرها — And he sawed the wood with the saw, its meaning is to cut it.

مِئْشَارٌnoun

1.
sawboth
A tool used for cutting wood, a saw.
2.
saw bladeclassical
The cutting part of a saw.

فوضع المئشار على مفرق رأسه — So he placed the saw on the parting of his head.

مَآشِيرٌnoun

1.
sawsboth
Plural of 'mi'shar', referring to multiple saws.

فقطعوهم بالمآشير — So they cut them with saws.

مَوَاشِيرٌnoun

1.
sawsclassical
Plural of 'mi'shar', referring to multiple saws.

مَأْشُورَةٌadjective

1.
notchedclassical
Having notches or serrations, especially on teeth.

لا زالت يمينك مأشورة أو ذات أشر — May your right hand remain notched or possessing notches.

أَشْوَرٌnoun

1.
notchesboth
Plural of 'ashar', referring to notches or serrations on teeth.

لم تفلل أشورها — her notches have not been dulled.

أَسِنَّةُ المِنْجَلِphrase

1.
teeth of a sickleboth
The serrated edges or teeth of a sickle.

وأشر المنجل: أسنانه — And the teeth of the sickle: its serrations.

تَأْشِيرُ الأَسْنَانِnoun

1.
notching teethboth
The act of making notches or serrations on teeth.

تأشير الأسنان: تحزيزها وتحديد أطرافها — Notching of teeth: making grooves and sharpening their edges.

أَشَرٌnoun

1.
notchesboth
Notches or serrations on teeth, similar to sword notches.

بأسنانه أشر وأشر، مثال شطب السيف وشطبه — He has notches on his teeth, like the notches and grooves of a sword.

أَشْوَرُهُnoun

1.
its notchesboth
Referring to the notches on teeth.

ترف أشوره — its notches are gleaming.

أَشَرَتْverb

1.
to notch teethclassical
A woman notching her teeth.

وأشرت المرأة أسنانها تأشرها أشرا وأشرتها: حززتها — And the woman notched her teeth, she notches them with notching, and she made them notched: she grooved them.

المُؤْتَشِرَةُadjective

1.
one who notches teethclassical
A woman who has her teeth notched.

لعنت المأشورة والمستأشرة — Cursed be the one whose teeth are notched and the one who notches them.

المُسْتَأْشِرَةُadjective

1.
one who notches teethclassical
A woman who has her teeth notched.

لعنت المأشورة والمستأشرة — Cursed be the one whose teeth are notched and the one who notches them.

الوَاشِرَةُnoun

1.
tooth-notcherclassical
A woman who notches her teeth.

الواشرة المرأة التي تشر أسنانها — The tooth-notcher is the woman who notches her teeth.

مُؤَشِّرُ العَضُدَيْنِphrase

1.
notched forelegsclassical
Describing the forelegs of an insect (like a beetle) as having notches or sharp edges.

والجعل: مؤشر العضدين — And the beetle: its forelegs are notched.

مُؤَشِّرٌadjective

1.
notchedclassical
Anything that is thinned or sharpened, having notches or serrations.

وكل مرقق: مؤشر — And everything thinned: is notched.

التَّأْشِيرَةُnoun

1.
what a locust bites withclassical
The part of a locust's mouthparts used for biting.

والتأشيرة: ما تعض به الجرادة — And the 'ta'shirah': is what the locust bites with.

التَّأْشِيرُnoun

1.
spines of legsclassical
The spines or sharp parts on the legs of an insect.
2.
claw-like appendageclassical
A claw-like formation at the end of a locust's tail.

والتأشير: شوك ساقيها — And the 'ta'shir': is the spines of its legs.

الأَشَرَتَانِnoun

1.
two clawsclassical
The two claw-like appendages at the end of a locust's tail.

وهما الأشرتان — and they are the two 'asharatan'.

Parallel reading

الأشر: المرح.

Al-ashar: cheerfulness.

والأشر: البطر.

And al-ashar: insolence.

أشر الرجل، بالكسر، يأشر أشرا، فهو أشر وأشر وأشران: مرح.

The man was exuberant, he becomes exuberant with exuberance, so he is exuberant, boastful, and very boastful: cheerful.

ورجل اتخذها أشرا ومرحا ؛ الأشر: البطر.

And a man took them for exuberance and cheerfulness; al-ashar: insolence.

وقيل: أشد البطر.

And it was said: the most intense insolence.

كأغذ ما كانت وأسمنه وآشره أي أبطره وأنشطه؛ قال ابن الأثير: هكذا رواه بعضهم، والرواية: وأبشره.

The fattest and most well-fed it was, and the most animated, meaning it made it insolent and lively; Ibn al-Athir said: some narrated it this way, and the narration is: and it made it happy.

اجتمع جوار فأرن وأشرن.

Some slave girls gathered, and they became lively and boastful.

ويتبع أشر فيقال: أشر أفر وأشران أفران، وجمع الأشر والأشر: أشرون وأشرون، ولا يكسران لأن التكسير في هذين البناءين قليل، وجمع أشران أشارى وأشارى كسكران وسكارى؛

And 'ashir' is followed by 'afir', so it is said: 'ashir afir' and 'ashiran afran'. The plural of 'al-ashar' and 'al-ashar' is 'ashirun' and 'ashirun'. They are not broken plurals because pluralization in these two patterns is rare. The plural of 'ashiran' is 'ashara' and 'ashara', like 'sakran' and 'sakara'.

لتجر الحوادث، بعد امرئ ... بوادي أشائن، إذلالها

May misfortunes befall, after a man... in the valleys of Ashain, their humiliation

تراه على الخيل ذا قدمة، ... إذا سربل الدم أكفالها

You see him on horseback with experience, ... when blood covers their hindquarters

وخلت وعولا أشارى بها، ... وقد أزهف الطعن أبطالها

And I thought of mountain goats being led by them, ... and the thrust of the spear has felled their heroes

أزهف الطعن أبطالها أي صرعها، وهو بالزاي ، وغلط بعضهم فرواه بالراء.

The thrust of the spear felled its heroes means it struck them down, and it is with 'zay', and some erred and narrated it with 'ra'.

وإذلالها: مصدر مقدر كأنه قال تذل إذلالها.

And 'idhlaaluha': an implied masdar, as if he said 'tadhillu idhlaalaha' (it is humiliated with its humiliation).

ورجل مئشير وكذلك امرأة مئشير، بغير هاء.

And a man is a sawyer, and likewise a woman is a sawyer, without 'ha'.

وناقة مئشير وجواد مئشير: يستوي فيه المذكر والمؤنث؛

And a she-camel is a sawyer, and a horse is a sawyer: the masculine and feminine are the same;

إذ تمنوهم غرورا، فساقتهم ... إليكم أمنية أشراء هي فعلاء من الأشر ولا فعل لها.

When you promise them vainly, so they drove them... to you with a desire for 'ashra', which is 'af'alaa' from 'al-ashar' and has no verb.

وأشر النخل أشرا كثر شربه للماء فكثرت فراخه.

And the palm tree became notched (or grew abundantly) from excessive drinking of water, so its offshoots multiplied.

وأشر الخشبة بالمئشار، مهموز: نشرها، والمئشار: ما أشر به.

And he sawed the wood with the saw, its meaning is to cut it, and the 'mi'shar': is what it is sawed with.

قال ابن السكيت: يقال للمئشار الذي يقطع به الخشب ميشار، وجمعه مواشير من وشرت أشر، ومئشار جمعه مآشير من أشرت آشر.

Ibn al-Sikkit said: the tool used to cut wood is called 'miyshar', and its plural is 'mawashir' from 'washartu ashara', and 'mi'shar' its plural is 'ma'ashir' from 'ashartu ashara'.

فوضع المئشار على مفرق رأسه ؛ المئشار، بالهمز: هو المنشار، بالنون، قال: وقد يترك الهمز.

So he placed the saw on the parting of his head; 'al-mi'shar', with hamza: is 'al-minshar', with noon, he said: and the hamza may be omitted.

يقال: أشرت الخشبة أشرا، ووشرتها وشرا إذا شققتها مثل نشرتها نشرا، ويجمع على مآشير ومواشير؛

It is said: I sawed the wood with 'ashara', and I cut it with 'washara' if you split it, like 'nashartaha' with 'nashara', and it is pluralized as 'ma'ashir' and 'mawashir';

ومنه الحديث: فقطعوهم بالمآشير أي بالمناشير؛

And from it is the hadith: So they cut them with 'ma'ashir', meaning with saws;

لقد عيل الأيتام طعنة ناشره، ... أناشر لا زالت يمينك آشره

The orphans were overwhelmed by the stab of Nashirah, ... O Nashirah, may your right hand remain 'ashirah' (notched/sharp).

أراد: لا زالت يمينك مأشورة أو ذات أشر كما قال عز وجل: خلق من ماء دافق؛ أي مدفوق.

He meant: May your right hand remain 'ma'shurah' (notched) or possessing notches, as God Almighty said: 'Created from a gushing fluid'; meaning expelled.

ومثل قوله عز وجل: عيشة راضية*؛ أي مرضية؛ وذلك أن الشاعر إنما دعا على ناشرة لا له، بذلك أتى الخبر، وإياه حكت الرواة، وذو الشيء قد يكون مفعولا كما يكون فاعلا؛

And like His saying, Almighty God: 'a pleasing life'; meaning accepted. This is because the poet invoked a curse upon Nashirah, not for him. The report came with that, and the narrators recounted it. The possessor of a thing can be the object as well as the subject;

وكان همام قد أبلى في بني تغلب في حرب البسوس وقاتل قتالا شديدا ثم إنه عطش فجاء إلى رحله يستسقي، وناشرة عند رحله، فلما رأى غفلته طعنه بحربة فقتله وهرب إلى بني تغلب.

And Hammam had fought valiantly among Banu Taghlib in the Battle of Basus and fought a fierce battle. Then he became thirsty and came to his tent to ask for water. Nashirah was at his tent. When he saw his inattention, he stabbed him with a spear, killed him, and fled to Banu Taghlib.

وأشر الأسنان وأشرها: التحزيز الذي فيها يكون خلقة ومستعملا، والجمع أشور؛

And the notches of teeth and their notches: the grooving that is in them, naturally or applied, and the plural is 'ashur';

لها بشر صاف ووجه مقسم، ... وغر ثنايا، لم تفلل أشورها

She has a clear complexion and a well-proportioned face, ... and beautiful teeth, whose notches have not been dulled.

وأشر المنجل: أسنانه، واستعمله ثعلب في وصف المعضاد فقال: المعضاد مثل المنجل ليست له أشر، وهما على التشبيه.

And the teeth of the sickle: its serrations. Tha'lab used it to describe the 'mi'ad' and said: The 'mi'ad' is like a sickle, it has no serrations, and they are by analogy.

وتأشير الأسنان: تحزيزها وتحديد أطرافها.

And 'ta'shir al-asnan': is grooving them and sharpening their edges.

ويقال: بأسنانه أشر وأشر، مثال شطب السيف وشطبه، وأشور أيضا؛

And it is said: he has 'ashar' and 'ashar' on his teeth, like the notches and grooves of a sword, and also 'ashur';

سبتك بمصقول ترف أشوره

It captivated you with a polished gleam, its notches.

وقد أشرت المرأة أسنانها تأشرها أشرا وأشرتها: حززتها.

And the woman notched her teeth, she notches them with notching, and she made them notched: she grooved them.

والمؤتشرة والمستأشرة كلتاهما: التي تدعو إلى أشر أسنانها.

And 'al-mu'tashirah' and 'al-musta'shirah', both: are those who call for the notching of their teeth.

لعنت المأشورة والمستأشرة.

Cursed be the one whose teeth are notched and the one who notches them.

قال أبو عبيد: الواشرة المرأة التي تشر أسنانها، وذلك أنها تفلجها وتحددها حتى يكون لها أشر، والأشر: حدة ورقة في أطراف الأسنان؛

Abu Ubaid said: The 'washirah' is the woman who notches her teeth, and that is by separating them and sharpening them until they have 'ashar', and 'al-ashar': is sharpness and thinness at the edges of the teeth;

ومنه قيل: ثغر مؤشر، وإنما يكون ذلك في أسنان الأحداث، تفعله المرأة الكبيرة تتشبه بأولئك؛

And from it is said: a notched mouth. This only occurs in the teeth of young women. An older woman does it to resemble those;

ومن المثل السائر: أعييتني بأشر فكيف أرجوك «3». بدردر؟

And from the common saying: You have tired me with 'ashar', so how can I hope for you to have 'badardar'?

وذلك أن رجلا كان له ابن من امرأة كبرت فأخذ ابنه يوما يرقصه ويقول: يا حبذا درادرك فعمدت المرأة إلى حجر فهتمت أسنانها ثم تعرضت لزوجها فقال لها: أعييتني بأشر فكيف بدردر.

This is because a man had a son from an older woman. One day he took his son, danced him, and said: 'How lovely are your gums!' So the woman took a stone and chipped her teeth, then presented herself to her husband, and he said to her: 'You have tired me with 'ashar', so how can you have 'badardar'?'

والجعل: مؤشر العضدين.

And the beetle: its forelegs are notched.

وكل مرقق: مؤشر؛

And everything thinned: is notched;

كأن مؤشر العضدين حجلا ... هدوجا، بين أقلبة ملاح

As if the notched forelegs were like doves... walking slowly, among beautiful plains.

والتأشيرة: ما تعض به الجرادة.

And the 'ta'shirah': is what the locust bites with.

والتأشير: شوك ساقيها.

And the 'ta'shir': is the spines of its legs.

والتأشير والمئشار: عقدة في رأس ذنبها كالمخلبين وهما الأشرتان.

And 'al-ta'shir' and 'al-mi'shar': is a knot at the end of its tail like two claws, and they are the 'al-asharatan'.