قيد

Root entry · 22 derived lemmas

The root قيد (q-y-d) primarily relates to the concept of binding, restraining, or limiting something. This extends to physical restraints like shackles or ropes, as well as metaphorical limitations such as vows, knowledge, or the speed of a horse that 'binds' its prey. It also encompasses marking or branding, and specific measurements or durations.

Derived headwords

القيدnoun

1.
Shackle, fetterboth
A physical restraint, typically made of metal, used to bind the legs or wrists of a person or animal.
2.
Restriction, limitationboth
A constraint or impediment that prevents freedom of movement or action, whether physical or metaphorical.
3.
Bond, tieclassical
Something that connects or binds, often used metaphorically for relationships or obligations.
4.
Mark, brandclassical
A distinctive sign or mark, especially one used for branding animals.
5.
Measurement, durationclassical
A specific, often small, measure of distance or time.

والقيد: ما ضم العضدتين المؤخرتين من أعلاهما من القد — And the qayd: what joins the two hind legs from above the hock.

والقيد: القد الذي يضم العرقوتين من القتب — And the qayd: the yoke-stick that joins the two parts of the saddle-tree.

يقيدهverb

1.
To bind, to shackleboth
To restrain someone or something with a physical bond, like chains or ropes.
2.
To restrict, to limitboth
To impose limitations or constraints on someone or something.
3.
To mark, to brandclassical
To apply a distinctive mark or brand.

وقد قيده يقيده تقييدا وقيدت الدابة — And he bound it, he binds it, with binding, and the animal was bound.

تقييداًnoun

1.
Binding, restrainingboth
The act of binding, shackling, or restricting.
2.
Limitationboth
The act of imposing limits or restrictions.
3.
Marking, brandingclassical
The act of applying a mark or brand.

وقد قيده يقيده تقييدا وقيدت الدابة — And he bound it, he binds it, with binding, and the animal was bound.

قيد الأوابدnoun

1.
Binder of wild animalsclassical
A description of a horse so fast it seems to 'bind' or catch up to wild animals.

وفرس قيد الأوابد أي أنه لسرعته كأنه يقيد الأوابد وهي الحمر الوحشية بلحاقها — And a horse 'qayd al-awābid' meaning that due to its speed, it seems to bind the wild animals, which are the wild asses, by catching them.

تأبدverb

1.
To become wild, to be solitaryclassical
To live in the wild, to become reclusive or untamed.

يقال: تأبد أي توحش — It is said: ta'abbada, meaning to become wild.

مقيدة الحمارnoun

1.
Scorpionclassical
A name for scorpions, metaphorically referred to as 'the binder of the donkey', possibly due to their sting or habitat.

ومقيدة الحمار: الحرة لأنها تعقله فكأنها قيد له — And muqayyadat al-ḥimār: the scorpion because it stings it, so it is as if it is a restraint for it.

قيد الإيمانnoun

1.
Restraint of faithclassical
The concept that faith prevents or restrains one from committing evil acts.

وفي الحديث: قيد الإيمان الفتك ؛ معناه أن الإيمان يمنع عن الفتك بالمؤمن كما يمنع ذا العيث عن الفساد قيده الذي قيد به. — And in the hadith: 'The restraint of faith is treachery'; meaning that faith prevents treachery against a believer, just as a restraint prevents the wicked from corruption.

مقيدةadjective

1.
Bound, restrainedboth
Physically confined or limited.
2.
Marked, brandedclassical
Having a distinctive mark or brand applied.

وهذه أجمال مقاييد أي مقيدات — And these are bound camels, meaning restrained.

مقاييدnoun

1.
Bound camelsclassical
A plural noun referring to camels that are bound or restrained.

قال ابن سيده: إبل مقاييد مقيدة، حكاه يعقوب وليس بشيء، لأنه إذا ثبتت مقيدة فقد ثبتت مقاييده. — Ibn Sidah said: 'Muqāyīd' camels, meaning bound; Ya'qub narrated this, but it is not sound, because if 'muqayyada' is established, then 'muqāyīduhu' is also established.

قيد الرحلnoun

1.
Saddle strapclassical
A strap or cord used to secure parts of a saddle or pack.

وقيد الرحل: قد مضفور بين حنويه من فوق، وربما جعل للسرج قيد كذلك، وكذلك كل شيء أسر بعضه إلى بعض. — And the qayd of the pack-saddle: a braided rope above its curves, and sometimes a qayd is made for the saddle similarly, and so is everything that binds parts of itself together.

قيود الأسنانnoun

1.
Gumsclassical
The fleshy part of the mouth surrounding the teeth.
2.
Gingival marginsclassical
The visible edges of the gums between the teeth.

وقيود الأسنان: لثاتها؛ قال الشاعر: لمرتجة الأرداف، هيف خصورها، ... عذاب ثناياها، عجاف قيودها يعني اللثات وقلة لحمها. — And the qoyūd of the teeth: their gums; a poet said: ... her teeth are sweet, her gums are lean, meaning the gums and their lack of flesh.

قيد الفرسnoun

1.
Horse's shackle (brand)classical
A specific type of brand mark on horses, resembling a shackle.

قيد الفرس: سمة في أعناقها؛ وأنشد: كوم على أعناقها قيد الفرس، ... تنجو إذا الليل تدانى والتبس — Qayd al-faras: a brand on their necks; and he recited: [...] on their necks is the qayd al-faras, they escape when night draws near and becomes confusing.

مقيدadjective

1.
Restrained, limitedboth
Something that is bound, restricted, or confined.
2.
Measured, approximateclassical
Indicated as a specific, often small, measure or duration.

والمقيد من الشعر: خلاف المطلق؛ قال الأخفش: المقيد على وجهين: إما مقيد قد تم نحو قوله: وقاتم الأعماق خاوي المخترق — And al-muqayyad of poetry: the opposite of al-mutlaq; Al-Akhfash said: al-muqayyad is of two types: either muqayyad that is complete, like his saying: 'And dark of depths, empty of passage'.

قيد رمحnoun

1.
Spear's lengthclassical
A measure of distance equivalent to the length of a spear.
2.
A short durationclassical
A very brief period of time.

وهو مني قيد رمح، بالكسر، وقاد رمح أي قدره. — And it is from me a qayd of a spear, with kasra, and qād of a spear, meaning its measure.

قيد الشراكnoun

1.
The time of the sandal strap's shadowclassical
A specific time of day, referring to the slight lengthening of shadows after noon, used as a measure for prayer times.

حين مالت الشمس قيد الشراك ؛ الشراك أحد سيور النعل التي على وجهها، وأراد بقيد الشراك الوقت الذي لا يجوز لأحد أن يتقدمه في صلاة الظهر، يعني فوق ظل الزوال فقدره بالشراك لدقته وهو أقل ما تبين به زيادة الظل حتى يعرف منه ميل الشمس عن وسط السماء — When the sun declined by the measure of the sandal strap; the sharak is one of the straps of the sandal on its surface, and by qayd al-shirāk he meant the time when it is not permissible for anyone to precede it in the Dhuhr prayer, meaning beyond the shadow of noon, so he measured it by the shirāk due to its smallness, which is the least amount by which the increase of the shadow is apparent until the sun's deviation from the zenith is known.

قيد سوطهnoun

1.
The length of one's whipclassical
A measure of length, equivalent to the length of a whip.

لقاب قوس أحدكم من الجنة أو قيد سوطه خير من الدنيا وما فيها. — The span of your bow from Paradise or the length of your whip is better than this world and what is in it.

قيادnoun

1.
Lead rope, tetherboth
A rope used to lead or tie an animal.

والقياد: حبل تقاد به الدابة. — And al-qiyād: a rope by which the animal is led.

قيدةnoun

1.
Screen, coverclassical
Something used for concealment or protection from a projectile.

والقيدة: التي يستتر بها من الرمية ثم ترمى؛ حكاه ابن سيده عن ثعلب. — And al-qaydah: that by which one hides from a projectile, then shoots; Ibn Sidah narrated this from Tha'lab.

ابن قيدname

1.
Ibn Qaydclassical
A name of a poet or speaker mentioned in the text.

وابن قيد: من رجازهم؛ عن ابن الأعرابي. — And Ibn Qayd: among their rajaz poets; from Ibn Al-A'rabi.

قيدname

1.
Qayd (horse name)classical
The name of a specific horse belonging to the Banu Taghlib tribe.

وقيد: اسم فرس كان لبني تغلب؛ عن الأصمعي. — And Qayd: the name of a horse that belonged to Banu Taghlib; from Al-Asma'i.

المقيدnoun

1.
Fetlock jointclassical
The part of a horse's leg where the fetlock is located.
2.
Ankle braceletclassical
A piece of jewelry worn around the ankle, similar to a shackle.
3.
Place of tetheringclassical
A location where an animal is tied or confined.

والمقيد: موضع القيد من رجل الفرس والخلخال من المرأة. — And al-muqayyad: the place of the fetlock on a horse's leg and the anklet on a woman.

تقييد الخطnoun

1.
Vocalization, diacritizationmodern
The process of adding vowel marks and other diacritics to Arabic script.
2.
Notationclassical
The act of marking or noting something down, especially in writing.

وتقييد الخط: تنقيطه وإعجامه وشكله. — And taqyīd al-khaṭṭ: dotting it, adding consonants, and vocalizing it.

Parallel reading

وقد قيده يقيده تقييدا وقيدت الدابة.

And he bound it, he binds it, with binding, and the animal was bound.

وفرس قيد الأوابد أي أنه لسرعته كأنه يقيد الأوابد وهي الحمر الوحشية بلحاقها؛

And a horse 'qayd al-awābid' meaning that due to its speed, it seems to bind the wild animals, which are the wild asses, by catching them;

هو نكرة وإن كان بلفظ المعرفة؛

It is indefinite even though it is in the form of the definite;

وأنشد قول إمرئ القيس: وقد أغتدي والطير في وكناتها ... بمنجرد قيد الأوابد هيكل

And he recited the saying of Imru' al-Qays: 'And I may go forth in the morning while the birds are in their nests ... on a swift, shackle-of-the-wild-asses, great-bodied steed.'

يقال: تأبد أي توحش

It is said: ta'abbada, meaning to become wild

والمنجرد: القصير الشعر.

And al-munjarid: short-haired.

والأوابد: الوحش.

And al-awābid: wild animals.

والهيكل: العظيم الخلق؛

And al-haykal: large of creation;

وأنشد أيضا لإمرئ القيس: بمنجرد قيد الأوابد لاحه ... طراد الهوادي كل شأو مغرب

And he also recited for Imru' al-Qays: 'On a swift, shackle-of-the-wild-asses, great-bodied steed, that the pursuit of prey has marked with every distant goal.'

أصله تقييد الأوابد ثم حذف زيادتيه فجاء على الفعل؛

Its origin is 'taqyīd al-awābid' then its two extra letters were removed, so it came in the form of the verb;

وإن شئت قلت وصف بالجوهر لما فيه من معنى الفعل نحو قوله:

And if you wish, you could say it is described by substance because of the verb meaning within it, like his saying:

فلولا الله والمهر المفدى، ... لرحت وأنت غربال الإهاب

Were it not for God and the ransomed colt, ... you would have left and been a sieve of hide.

وضع غربال موضع المخرق.

He placed 'ghirbāl' (sieve) in the place of 'mukhraq' (perforated).

يقال للفرس الجواد الذي يلحق الطرائد من الوحش: قيد الأوابد؛

It is said of a noble horse that catches prey from the wild animals: 'qayd al-awābid';

معناه أنه يلحق الوحش لجودته ويمنعه من الفوات بسرعته فكأنها مقيدة له لا تعدو.

Its meaning is that it catches the wild animals due to its excellence and prevents them from escaping with its speed, so it is as if they are bound to it and do not go beyond.

أأقيد جملي؟

Shall I tether my camel?

أرادت بذلك تأخيذها إياه من النساء سواها،

She meant by that her taking him exclusively from other women,

فقالت لها عائشة بعد ما فهمت مرادها: وجهي من وجهك حرام ؛

So Aisha said to her after understanding her intent: 'My face is forbidden from your face!';

أرادت أنها تعمل لزوجها شيئا يمنعه عن غيرها من النساء فكأنها تربطه وتقيده عن إتيان غيرها.

She meant that she would do something for her husband that would prevent him from other women, as if she were tying him up and binding him from going to others.

قيد الإيمان الفتك ؛

The restraint of faith is treachery;

معناه أن الإيمان يمنع عن الفتك بالمؤمن كما يمنع ذا العيث عن الفساد قيده الذي قيد به.

Meaning that faith prevents treachery against a believer, just as a restraint prevents the wicked from corruption.

ومقيدة الحمار: الحرة لأنها تعقله فكأنها قيد له؛

And muqayyadat al-ḥimār: the scorpion because it stings it, so it is as if it is a restraint for it;

لعمرك ما خشيت على عدي ... سيوف بني مقيدة الحمار

By your life, I did not fear for Adi ... the swords of the sons of muqayyadat al-ḥimār

ولكني خشيت على عدي ... سيوف القوم أو إياك حار

But I feared for Adi ... the swords of the people or you, Har.

عنى ببني مقيدة الحمار العقارب لأنها هناك تكون.

He meant by 'sons of muqayyadat al-ḥimār' scorpions because they are found there.

والقيد: ما ضم العضدتين المؤخرتين من أعلاهما من القد.

And the qayd: what joins the two hind legs from above the hock.

والقيد: القد الذي يضم العرقوتين من القتب.

And the qayd: the yoke-stick that joins the two parts of the saddle-tree.

والعرب تكني عن المرأة بالقيد والغل.

And the Arabs use 'al-qayd' and 'al-ghull' as euphemisms for a woman.

وقيد الرحل: قد مضفور بين حنويه من فوق، وربما جعل للسرج قيد كذلك، وكذلك كل شيء أسر بعضه إلى بعض.

And the qayd of the pack-saddle: a braided rope above its curves, and sometimes a qayd is made for the saddle similarly, and so is everything that binds parts of itself together.

وقيود الأسنان: لثاتها؛

And the qoyūd of the teeth: their gums;

قال الشاعر: لمرتجة الأرداف، هيف خصورها، ... عذاب ثناياها، عجاف قيودها

A poet said: ... her teeth are sweet, her gums are lean,

يعني اللثات وقلة لحمها.

Meaning the gums and their lack of flesh.

وقيود الأسنان عمورها وهي الشرف السابلة بين الأسنان؛ شبهت بالقيود الحمر من سمات الإبل.

And the qoyūd of the teeth are their margins, which are the protruding parts between the teeth; they are likened to red brands of camel markings.

قيد الفرس: سمة في أعناقها؛

Qayd al-faras: a brand on their necks;

وأنشد: كوم على أعناقها قيد الفرس، ... تنجو إذا الليل تدانى والتبس

And he recited: [...] on their necks is the qayd al-faras, they escape when night draws near and becomes confusing

قيد الفرس سمة تكون في عنق البعير على صورة القيد.

Qayd al-faras is a brand that is on the neck of a camel in the shape of a shackle.

أنه أمر أوس بن عبد الله الأسلمي أن يسم إبله في أعناقها قيد الفرس ؛

That he ordered Aws bin Abdullah Al-Aslami to brand his camels on their necks with 'qayd al-faras';

هي سمة معروفة وصورتها حلقتان بينهما مدة.

It is a known brand and its shape is two rings with a space between them.

وهذه أجمال مقاييد أي مقيدات.

And these are bound camels, meaning restrained.

إبل مقاييد مقيدة، حكاه يعقوب وليس بشيء، لأنه إذا ثبتت مقيدة فقد ثبتت مقاييده.

'Muqāyīd' camels, meaning bound; Ya'qub narrated this, but it is not sound, because if 'muqayyada' is established, then 'muqāyīduhu' is also established.

والقيد من سمات الإبل وسم مستطيل مثل القيد في عنقه ووجهه وفخذه؛

And the qayd is among the brands of camels, a rectangular mark like a shackle on its neck, face, and thigh;

وقيد السيف: هو الممدود في أصول الحمائل تمسكه البكرات.

And the qayd of the sword: it is the strap extended at the base of the scabbard that holds the buckles.

وقيد العلم بالكتاب: ضبطه؛

And al-qayd of knowledge with writing: its ضبط (control/accuracy);

وكذلك قيد الكتاب بالشكل: شكله، وكلاهما على المثل.

And likewise al-qayd of the book with vocalization: its vocalization, and both are by analogy.

وتقييد الخط: تنقيطه وإعجامه وشكله.

And taqyīd al-khaṭṭ: dotting it, adding consonants, and vocalizing it.

والمقيد من الشعر: خلاف المطلق؛

And al-muqayyad of poetry: the opposite of al-mutlaq;

قال الأخفش: المقيد على وجهين: إما مقيد قد تم نحو قوله: وقاتم الأعماق خاوي المخترق

Al-Akhfash said: al-muqayyad is of two types: either muqayyad that is complete, like his saying: 'And dark of depths, empty of passage'

فإن زدت فيه حركة كان فضلا على البيت،

If you add a vowel to it, it would be an excess for the verse,

وإما مقيد قد مد على ما هو أقصر منه نحو فعول في آخر المتقارب مد عن فعل، فزيادته على فعل عوض له من الوصل.

Or muqayyad that is extended over what is shorter than it, like 'fa'ūl' at the end of al-mutagārib, extended from 'fa'al', so its addition over 'fa'al' is a substitute for connection.

وهو مني قيد رمح، بالكسر، وقاد رمح أي قدره.

And it is from me a qayd of a spear, with kasra, and qād of a spear, meaning its measure.

حين مالت الشمس قيد الشراك ؛

When the sun declined by the measure of the sandal strap;

الشراك أحد سيور النعل التي على وجهها، وأراد بقيد الشراك الوقت الذي لا يجوز لأحد أن يتقدمه في صلاة الظهر، يعني فوق ظل الزوال فقدره بالشراك لدقته وهو أقل ما تبين به زيادة الظل حتى يعرف منه ميل الشمس عن وسط السماء؛

The sharak is one of the straps of the sandal on its surface, and by qayd al-shirāk he meant the time when it is not permissible for anyone to precede it in the Dhuhr prayer, meaning beyond the shadow of noon, so he measured it by the shirāk due to its smallness, which is the least amount by which the increase of the shadow is apparent until the sun's deviation from the zenith is known;

وفي الحديث رواية أخرى: حتى ترتفع الشمس قيد رمح.

And in another narration of the hadith: 'Until the sun rises by the length of a spear.'

لقاب قوس أحدكم من الجنة أو قيد سوطه خير من الدنيا وما فيها.

The span of your bow from Paradise or the length of your whip is better than this world and what is in it.

والقيد: الذي إذا قدته ساهلك؛

And the qayd: that which, when you lead it, it becomes lax;

وشاعر قوم قد حسمت خصاءه، ... وكان له قبل الخصاء كتيت

And a poet of a people whose castration I performed, ... and he had before castration a small penis

أشم خبوط بالفراسن مصعب، ... فأصبح مني قيدا تربوت

Proud, striking with his hooves, difficult, ... so he became from me a bound 'tarbūt'.

والقياد: حبل تقاد به الدابة.

And al-qiyād: a rope by which the animal is led.

والقيدة: التي يستتر بها من الرمية ثم ترمى؛

And al-qaydah: that by which one hides from a projectile, then shoots;

وابن قيد: من رجازهم؛

And Ibn Qayd: among their rajaz poets;

وقيد: اسم فرس كان لبني تغلب؛

And Qayd: the name of a horse that belonged to Banu Taghlib;

والمقيد: موضع القيد من رجل الفرس والخلخال من المرأة.

And al-muqayyad: the place of the fetlock on a horse's leg and the anklet on a woman.

وفي حديث قيلة: الدهناء مقيد الجمل ؛

And in the hadith of Qaylah: 'Al-Dahna' is the tethering place of the camel;

أرادت أنها مخصبة ممرعة والجمل لا يتعدى مرتعه.

She meant that it is fertile and abundant, and the camel does not go beyond its grazing place.

المقيد هاهنا: الموضع الذي يقيد فيه أي أنه مكان يكون الجمل فيه ذا قيد.

Al-muqayyad here: the place where it is tethered, meaning it is a place where the camel is tethered.

قيد الإيمان الفتك أي أن الإيمان يمنع عن الفتك كما يمنع القيد عن التصرف، فكأنه جعل الفتك مقيدا؛

The restraint of faith is treachery, meaning that faith prevents treachery just as a restraint prevents action, so it is as if treachery is made bound;

ومنه قولهم في صفة الفرس: قيد الأوابد.

And from this is their saying in the description of a horse: 'qayd al-awābid'.