سجد

Root entry · 16 derived lemmas

The root سجد (sajada) primarily denotes the act of prostration, specifically placing the forehead on the ground, often as an act of reverence or worship. It extends to meanings of bowing, inclining, and submission, and is foundational to the concept of a place of worship (masjid).

Derived headwords

سَجَدَverb

1.
to prostrate oneselfboth
To place one's forehead on the ground, typically as an act of worship or extreme reverence.
2.
to bow downboth
To incline or bend down, often in submission or respect.
3.
to be submissiveboth
To be humbled, yielding, or obedient.

السَّاجِدadjective

1.
prostratingboth
One who is performing the act of prostration.
2.
uprightclassical
In the dialect of Tayy, it means upright or standing tall.

سُجُودًاnoun

1.
prostrationboth
The act of prostrating oneself, placing the forehead on the ground.
2.
reverenceboth
An act of deep respect or veneration, not necessarily worship.
3.
submissionboth
The state of being humbled or obedient.

سُجَّدnoun

1.
prostratorsboth
A group of people who are prostrating themselves.

المَسْجِدnoun

1.
mosqueboth
A place of worship for Muslims.
2.
place of worshipboth
Any place where acts of worship are performed.
3.
place of prostrationboth
A location designated for prostration.

مَسْجِدnoun

1.
mosqueboth
A place of worship for Muslims.
2.
place of worshipboth
Any place where acts of worship are performed.
3.
place of prostrationboth
A location designated for prostration.

المَسَاجِدnoun

1.
mosquesboth
Plural of mosque; places of worship for Muslims.
2.
places of worshipboth
Plural of place of worship; locations where acts of worship are performed.
3.
parts of the body for prostrationclassical
Refers to the seven parts of the body used in prostration (forehead, nose, hands, knees, feet).

سَجْدَةnoun

1.
a single prostrationboth
One instance of prostrating oneself.
2.
the act of prostrationboth
The action or manner of prostrating.

السَّجَّادَةnoun

1.
prayer rugboth
A small rug used by Muslims for prayer.
2.
mark of prostrationboth
A visible mark on the face resulting from frequent prostration.

سِجَّادَةnoun

1.
prayer rugboth
A small rug used by Muslims for prayer.
2.
mark of prostrationboth
A visible mark on the face resulting from frequent prostration.

المَسْجِدَةnoun

1.
foreheadclassical
The part of the face where the mark of prostration appears.

أسْجَدَverb

1.
to bow downboth
To lower one's head and incline, similar to prostration.
2.
to cause to prostrateboth
To make someone or something bow down or prostrate.

الإسْجَادnoun

1.
drooping of the eyesclassical
A slight closing or drooping of the eyelids, indicating weariness or a soft gaze.
2.
Jewsclassical
A term used by Ibn al-Arabi, possibly referring to Jews.
3.
Jizya taxclassical
A tax paid by non-Muslims, possibly referred to as 'al-isjad'.

سَاجِدَةadjective

1.
droopingclassical
Describing eyes that are languid or have drooping eyelids.
2.
inclinedclassical
Describing a date palm that is bent over due to its heavy load of fruit.

سَوَاجِدadjective

1.
inclinedclassical
Describing date palms that are bent over due to their heavy fruit load.
2.
firmly rootedclassical
According to Ibn al-Arabi, it can mean firmly established or rooted.

سَجَّدَverb

1.
to prostrate oneselfboth
To perform the act of prostration.

Parallel reading

ابن سيده: سجد يسجد سجودا وضع جبهته بالأرض

Ibn Sidah said: Sajada, yasjudu, sujoodan means to place one's forehead on the ground.

وقوم سجد وسجود

And a people who are prostrating and prostration.

وقوله عز وجل: وخروا له سجدا ؛ هذا سجود إعظام لا سجود عبادة

And His saying, the Almighty: 'And they fell down before him, prostrate' (23:102); this was prostration of reverence, not prostration of worship.

قال الزجاج: إنه كان من سنة التعظيم في ذلك الوقت أن يسجد للمعظم

Al-Zajjaj said: It was the custom of reverence at that time to prostrate to the one being honored.

فإن ظاهر التلاوة أنهم سجدوا ليوسف تعظيما له من غير أن أشركوا بالله شيئا

For the apparent reading is that they prostrated to Joseph as an act of reverence for him, without associating anything with God.

وكأنهم لم يكونوا نهوا عن السجود لغير الله عز وجل

And it is as if they had not been forbidden from prostrating to God, the Almighty.

وفيه وجه آخر لأهل العربية: وهو أن يجعل اللام في قوله: وخروا له سجدا ، وفي قوله: رأيتهم لي ساجدين ، لام من أجل

And there is another interpretation by the grammarians: which is to make the 'lam' in His saying, 'And they fell down before him, prostrate' (23:102), and in His saying, 'I saw them prostrating to me' (12:4), a 'lam' of purpose.

وإنما خلق ما يعقل لعبادته

He created only what is rational for His worship.

والمسجد والمسجد: الذي يسجد فيه

And al-masjid and al-masjid: that in which one prostrates.

كل موضع يتعبد فيه فهو مسجد

Every place where worship is performed is a masjid.

جعلت لي الأرض مسجدا وطهورا

The earth has been made for me a place of prostration and purification.

وأما المسجد فإنهم جعلوه اسما للبيت ولم يأت على فعل يفعل كما قال في المدق إنه اسم للجلمود

As for al-masjid, they made it a noun for the house, and it did not come from the pattern fa'ala yaf'alu, as he said about al-maddaq that it is a noun for the boulder.

مخرز ومكنس ومكسح

Awl, broom, and shovel.

مسجد، بفتح الجيم، محراب البيوت؛ ومصلى الجماعات مسجد، بكسر الجيم

Masjid, with a fatha on the jim, is the prayer niche of houses; and the place of congregational prayer is masjid, with a kasra on the jim.

والآراب السبعة مساجد

And the seven limbs are masajid.

سجد سجدة وما أحسن سجدته أي هيئة سجوده

He prostrated a sajda, and how good is his sajda, meaning his manner of prostration.

كل ما كان على فعل يفعل مثل دخل يدخل فالمفعل منه بالفتح، اسما كان أو مصدرا

Everything that follows the pattern fa'ala yaf'alu, like dakhala yadkhulu, then the derived noun/masdar from it is with a fatha, whether it is a noun or a masdar.

ألزموها كسر العين، من ذلك المسجد والمطلع والمغرب والمشرق والمسقط والمفرق والمجزر والمسكن والمرفق من رفق يرفق والمنبت والمنسك من نسك ينسك

They assigned to them a kasra on the 'ayn, among which are al-masjid, al-matla', al-maghrib, al-mashriq, al-masqat, al-mafriq, al-majzar, al-maskan, al-mirfaq from rafaqa yarfaqu, al-manbat, and al-mansak from nasaka yansuku.

فجعلوا الكسر علامة الاسم، وربما فتحه بعض العرب في الاسم

So they made the kasra a sign for the noun, and some Arabs might pronounce it with a fatha in the noun.

فقد روي مسكن ومسكن وسمع المسجد والمسجد والمطلع والمطلع

For it has been narrated maskan and maskan, and heard al-masjid and al-masjid, and al-matla' and al-matla'.

وما كان من باب فعل يفعل مثل جلس يجلس فالموضع بالكسر والمصدر بالفتح للفرق بينهما

And what follows the pattern fa'ala yaf'alu, like jalasa yajlisu, then the place noun is with a kasra and the masdar is with a fatha to differentiate between them.

تقول: نزل منزلا بفتح الزاي، تريد نزل نزولا، وهذا منزله، فتكسر، لأنك تعني الدار

You say: nazala manzilan with a fatha on the 'ayn, meaning he descended a descent, and this is his dwelling place (manziluhu), so you use a kasra, because you mean the house.

وذلك أن المواضع والمصادر في غير هذا الباب ترد كلها إلى فتح العين ولا يقع فيها الفرق

This is because place nouns and masdars in patterns other than this one all revert to a fatha on the 'ayn, and no distinction is made.

والمسجدان: مسجد مكة ومسجد المدينة، شرفهما الله عز وجل

And the two masjids: Masjid of Mecca and Masjid of Medina, may God honor them.

لكم مسجدا الله المزوران، والحصى ... لكم قبصه من بين أثرى وأقترا

You have the two visited Masjids of God, and the pebbles... You have their multitude from among the rich and the poor.

المسجدة والسجادة: الخمرة المسجود عليها

Al-masjadah and al-sajjadah: the small mat upon which one prostrates.

والسجادة: أثر السجود في الوجه أيضا

And al-sajjadah: the mark of prostration on the face as well.

والمسجد، بالفتح: جبهة الرجل حيث يصيبه ندب السجود

And al-masjad, with a fatha: the forehead of a man where the mark of prostration strikes him.

وأن المساجد لله ؛ قيل: هي مواضع السجود من الإنسان: الجبهة والأنف واليدان والركبتان والرجلان

And 'that the masjids are for God' (24:36); it is said: they are the parts of the human body for prostration: the forehead, the nose, the hands, the knees, and the feet.

قال الليث في قوله: وأن المساجد لله ، قال: السجود مواضعه من الجسد والأرض مساجد، واحدها مسجد

Al-Layth said regarding His saying: 'And the masjids are for God' (24:36), he said: The places of prostration from the body, and the earth are masajid, the singular of which is masjid.

والله، عز وجل، إنما خلق ما يعقل لعبادته

And God, the Almighty, created only what is rational for His worship.

والإسجاد: فتور الطرف

And al-isjad: the languor of the glance.

وعين ساجدة إذا كانت فاترة

And a 'sajidah' eye if it is languid.

الإسجاد: إدامة النظر مع سكون؛ وفي الصحاح: إدامة النظر وإمراض الأجفان

Al-isjad: prolonging the gaze with stillness; and in Al-Sihah: prolonging the gaze and fluttering the eyelids.

أغرك مني أن دلك، عندنا، ... وإسجاد عينيك الصيودين، رابح

Did it deceive you about me that your caressing, in our presence, ... and the languid gaze of your two hunting eyes, is profitable?

الإسجاد، بكسر الهمزة، اليهود

Al-isjad, with a kasra on the hamza, means Jews.

وافى بها كدراهم الإسجاد

He brought it to her like dirhams of al-isjad.

دراهم الأسجاد هي دراهم ضربها الأكاسرة وكان عليها صور

Dirhams of al-asjad are dirhams struck by the Sasanian kings, and they had images on them.

ونخلة ساجدة إذا أمالها حملها

And a date palm is 'sajidah' if its load bends it over.

وسجدت النخلة إذا مالت

And the date palm 'sajada' if it bent over.

بين الصفا وخليج العين ساكنة ... غلب سواجد، لم يدخل بها الخصر

Between Al-Safa and Khaleej Al-Ain, settled... strong, rooted ones, not entered by the waist.

ترى الأكم فيها سجدا للحوافر

You see the small hills in it prostrating to the hooves.

والاسم السجدة، بالكسر، وسورة السجدة، بالفتح

And the noun is al-sajdah, with a kasra, and the chapter of Al-Sajdah, with a fatha.

يتفيؤا ظلاله عن اليمين والشمائل سجدا لله وهم داخرون

Their shadows stretching to the right and the left, prostrating to God, while they are humbled (16:48).

والنجم والشجر يسجدان ؛ معناه يستقبلان الشمس ويميلان معها حتى ينكسر الفيء

'And the star and the trees prostrate' (55:6); its meaning is that they face the sun and incline with it until the shadow shifts.

ألم تر أن الله يسجد له من في السماوات

Have you not seen that whoever is in the heavens and whoever is on earth prostrates to God?

ملك تدين له الملوك وتسجد

A king to whom kings submit and prostrate.

وخروا له سجدا، سجود تحية لا عبادة

'And they fell down before him, prostrate' (12:100), prostration of greeting, not worship.

وادخلوا الباب سجدا ؛ باب ضيق، وقال: سجدا ركعا

'And enter the gate, prostrating' (2:58); a narrow gate, and he said: 'sajada' meaning bowing.

وسجود الموات محمله في القرآن طاعته لما سخر له

And the prostration of inanimate objects in the Quran carries the meaning of their obedience to what they are made subservient to.

ألم تر أن الله يسجد له من في السماوات ومن في الأرض

Have you not seen that whoever is in the heavens and whoever is on earth prostrates to God?

وإن من شيء إلا يسبح بحمده ولكن لا تفقهون تسبيحهم

And there is not a thing except that it exalts [ Allah ] by His praise, but you do not understand their [way of] exalting (17:44).