برد

Root entry · 24 derived lemmas

This root primarily relates to coldness, coolness, and the sensation of being cold. It extends to concepts of slowness, delay, and a lack of urgency. Additionally, it encompasses terms for clothing, messengers, distances, and the act of filing or smoothing.

Derived headwords

بَرَدَverb

1.
to be coldboth
To experience a low temperature, or for something to be at a low temperature.
2.
to be slowclassical
To act or proceed with slowness or delay.
3.
to be distantclassical
To be far away or remote.

أَبْرَدَverb

1.
to cool downboth
To make something cold or cooler.
2.
to send by messengerclassical
To dispatch someone or something via a messenger service.
3.
to delayclassical
To cause a delay or to be slow in action.

تَبَرَّدَverb

1.
to cool oneselfboth
To seek or achieve coolness for oneself.
2.
to be slowclassical
To act in a slow or unhurried manner.

بَرَّدَverb

1.
to coolboth
To make something cold.
2.
to alleviateclassical
To lessen or reduce something, such as pain or a burden.

بُرْدَةnoun

1.
cloakboth
A garment worn for warmth or protection, often a cloak or mantle.
2.
embroidered clothclassical
A piece of cloth, especially one with patterns or embroidery.
3.
a specific type of garmentclassical
A square black cloth worn by Bedouins.

بُرْدnoun

1.
coldnessboth
The state or quality of being cold.
2.
garmentboth
A piece of clothing, often a cloak or mantle.
3.
frostclassical
Ice formed when moisture in the air freezes on cold surfaces.

أَبْرَادnoun

1.
cloaksboth
Plural of burdah, referring to cloaks or mantles.
2.
striped garmentsclassical
Plural of burd, referring to garments, often with stripes.

بُرُودnoun

1.
garmentsboth
Plural of burd, referring to various types of clothing.
2.
coldnessclassical
Plural of burd, referring to instances or degrees of coldness.

بَرِيدnoun

1.
messengerboth
A person who carries messages or delivers goods, especially on horseback or by a relay system.
2.
distanceboth
A specific distance, often referring to the distance between two stages or stations.
3.
postal serviceclassical
A system for carrying mail or messages.

بُرُدnoun

1.
messengersclassical
Plural of barid, referring to multiple messengers.
2.
garmentsclassical
Plural of burd, referring to clothing.

مُبَرِّدnoun

1.
coolerboth
A device or substance used to cool something.
2.
messengerclassical
One who is sent or dispatched.

مُبَرَّدadjective

1.
cooledboth
Made cold or cooler.
2.
slowedclassical
Caused to be slow or delayed.

مِبْرَدnoun

1.
fileboth
A tool with a rough surface used for smoothing or shaping materials like metal or wood.
2.
raspboth
A coarse file or tool for scraping or smoothing.

بَرَادَةnoun

1.
filingsboth
Small particles or shavings removed by a file or rasp.
2.
shavingsboth
Thin strips or pieces shaved off a material.

بُرْدِيّnoun

1.
a type of dateclassical
A variety of high-quality dates, similar to Barni dates.
2.
reed plantboth
A type of reed or rush plant.

أَبْرَدnoun

1.
leopardsclassical
Plural of abrad, referring to leopards.

بَرْدَىname

1.
Barada Riverboth
A river in Damascus.

بَوَارِدnoun

1.
cold weaponsclassical
Refers to sharp, deadly swords.

بَرُودadjective

1.
not fluffyclassical
Describing a fabric that lacks fluffiness or down.
2.
not warm or softclassical
Describing clothing that is neither warm nor soft.

أَبْرَدadjective

1.
mottledclassical
Having spots or patches of different colors, specifically black and white.

بَرْدِيَّةnoun

1.
reed stalkclassical
The stalk of a reed plant.

بُرْدَةnoun

1.
a specific person's nameclassical
A name of a person mentioned in poetry.

بُرْدَانname

1.
a place nameclassical
A location mentioned in poetry.

أَبْيَرِدname

1.
a poet's nicknameclassical
A nickname for a poet from the Banu Yarbu' tribe.

Parallel reading

من عجز اليوم فلا تلومه أي حره ثابت

He who is unable today, do not blame him; meaning his freedom is established.

أتاني ابن عبد الله قرط أخصه، ... وكان ابن عم، نصحه لي بارد

Ibn Abd Allah Qurt came to me, singling me out... and he was a cousin whose advice to me was cold/unenthusiastic.

وبرد في أيديهم سلما لا يفدى ولا يطلق ولا يطلب

And 'burd' (a type of captive) in their hands was a peace offering that could not be ransomed, freed, or demanded.

وإن أصحابك لا يبالون ما بردوا عليك أي أثبتوا عليك

And your companions do not care what they 'baradu' upon you, meaning they persist against you.

لا تبردي عنه أي لا تخففي

Do not 'tubarridi' from him, meaning do not lessen (your efforts or demands).

لا تبردوا عن الظالم أي لا تشتموه وتدعوا عليه فتخففوا عنه من عقوبة ذنبه

Do not 'tubarridu' from the oppressor, meaning do not curse him and pray against him, thereby lessening his punishment for his sin.

والبريد: فرسخان، وقيل: ما بين كل منزلين بريد

And the 'barid' is two farsakhs, and it is said: the distance between any two stages is a 'barid'.

والبريد: الرسل على دواب البريد، والجمع برد

And the 'barid' are the messengers on the mounts of the 'barid' service, and its plural is 'burd'.

إذا أبردتم إلي بريدا فاجعلوه حسن الوجه حسن الاسم

If you send a 'barid' (messenger) to me, make him handsome in appearance and handsome in name.

رأيت للموت بريدا مبردا

I saw a 'mubarradan' (sent) messenger for death.

الحمى بريد الموت؛ أراد أنها رسول الموت تنذر به

Fever is a 'barid' (messenger) of death; meaning it is a messenger of death, warning of it.

لا تقصر الصلاة في أقل من أربعة برد

The prayer is not shortened for less than four 'burd' (stages/distances).

وهي ستة عشر فرسخا، والفرسخ ثلاثة أميال، والميل أربعة آلاف ذراع

And it is sixteen farsakhs, and a farsakh is three miles, and a mile is four thousand cubits.

لا أخيس بالعهد ولا أحبس البرد أي لا أحبس الرسل الواردين علي

I will not break a promise, nor will I detain the 'burd', meaning I will not detain the messengers coming to me.

والبريد كلمة فارسية يراد بها في الأصل البرد، وأصلها [بريده دم] أي محذوف الذنب

And 'barid' is a Persian word originally meaning 'burd', and its origin is [burideh dam] meaning 'tail-cut'.

والسكة موضع كان يسكنه الفيوج المرتبون من بيت أو قبة أو رباط، وكان يرتب في كل سكة بغال

And the 'sikkah' was a place where stationed couriers resided in a house, tent, or ribat, and mules were stationed in each 'sikkah'.

على كل مقصوص الذنابى معاود ... بريد السرى بالليل، من خيل بربرا

On every one with a docked tail, a frequent traveler... a 'barid' of the night journey, from the horses of Barbar.

أي سيرها في البريد

Meaning its journey on the 'barid' (relay system).

وصاحب البريد قد أبرد إلى الأمير، فهو مبرد

And the master of the 'barid' has sent to the prince, so he is 'mubarrad' (sent).

والبرد من الثياب، قال ابن سيده: البرد ثوب فيه خطوط وخص بعضهم به الوشي

And 'al-burd' is from clothing. Ibn Sidah said: 'Al-burd' is a garment with lines, and some specified it as brocade.

والبردة: كساء يلتحف به، وقيل: إذا جعل الصوف شقة وله هدب، فهي بردة

And 'al-burdah' is a cloak to wrap oneself in, and it is said: if wool is made into a piece with a fringe, it is a 'burdah'.

وكان عليه يوم الفتح بردة فلوت قصيرة

And he wore on the day of the conquest a short 'burdah' of 'falwat'.

رأيت أعرابيا بخزيمية وعليه شبه منديل من صوف قد اتزر به فقلت: ما تسميه؟ قال: بردة

I saw a Bedouin in Khuzaymiyyah wearing something like a wool scarf wrapped around his waist, and I asked: What do you call it? He said: 'burdah'.

والبرد، ساكنا، يعني جمع بريد وهو الرسول فيخفف عن برد كرسل ورسل، وإنما خففه هاهنا ليزاوج العهد

And 'al-burd', with a sukun, means the plural of 'barid', which is the messenger, so it is lightened to 'burd' like 'rusul' and 'rusul', and it was lightened here to match 'al-'ahd'.

وشريت بردا ليتني، ... من قبل برد، كنت هامه فهو اسم عبد

And I bought a 'burd', I wish that before 'Burda', I was its 'hammah' (meaning), for it is the name of a slave.

هما في بردة أخماس فسره ابن الأعرابي فقال: معناه أنهما يفعلان فعلا واحدا فيشتبهان كأنهما في بردة

They are in a 'burdah' of fifths. Ibn Al-A'rabi explained it, saying: It means they do one action and resemble each other as if they were in a 'burdah'.

فسمعت نبأة منه فآسدها، ... كأنهن، لدى إنسائه، البرد

So I heard a sound from it and I calmed it, as if they were, in its presence, the 'burd' (garments/cloaks).

نشتمل البرادا

We wrap ourselves in 'al-barada' (plural of burdah or burd).

وثوب برود: ليس فيه زئبر

And a 'burud' garment: it has no fluff.

وثوب برود إذا لم يكن دفيئا ولا لينا من الثياب

And a 'burud' garment if it is not warm nor soft among clothes.

وثوب أبرد: فيه لمع سواد وبياض، يمانية

And an 'abrad' garment: it has a sheen of black and white, from Yemen.

وبردا الجراد والجندب: جناحاه

And the 'burda' of locusts and grasshoppers: their wings.

تنفض بردي أم عوف، ولم يطر ... لنا بارق، بخ للوعيد وللرهب

Am 'Auf's' 'burday' (wings) are fluttering, and no lightning has appeared to us; woe to the threat and the fear.

وهي لك بردة نفسها أي خالصة

And it is for you 'burdatu nafsihi', meaning exclusively yours.

وهي إبردة يميني؛ وقال أبو عبيد: هو لي بردة يميني إذا كان لك معلوما

And it is my 'ibradat yaminī', and Abu Ubayd said: It is my 'burdat yaminī' if it is known to you.

وبرد الحديد بالمبرد ونحوه من الجواهر يبرده: سحله

And he 'yabrudu' (files) iron with a file and similar tools: he grinds it.

والبرادة: السحالة؛ وفي الصحاح: والبرادة ما سقط منه

And 'al-baradah' is the filings; and in Al-Sihah: 'Al-baradah' is what falls from it.

والمبرد: ما برد به، وهو السوهان بالفارسية

And 'al-mibrad' is what is used for filing, which is 'sawahan' in Persian.

والبرد: النحت؛ يقال: بردت الخشبة بالمبرد أبردها بردا إذا نحتها

And 'al-bard' is carving; it is said: I 'abradtu' (carved) the wood with a file, 'abraduha burdan' if I carved it.

والبردي، بالضم: من جيد التمر يشبه البرني؛ عن أبي حنيفة

And 'al-burdi', with dammah, is from the good dates, resembling Barni; according to Abu Hanifa.

وأنه أمر أن يؤخذ البردي في الصدقة، وهو بالضم، نوع من جيد التمر

And that he ordered that 'al-burdi', with dammah, a type of good date, be taken as charity.

والبردي، بالفتح: نبت معروف واحدته بردية؛ قال الأعشى: كبردية الغيل وسط الغريف

And 'al-bardī', with fatha, is a known plant, its singular is 'bardiyyah'; Al-A'sha said: Like the 'bardiyyah' of the Ghayl in the middle of the Ghareef.

والسرور جمع سر، وهو باطن البردية

And 'al-surur' is the plural of 'sirr', which is the inner part of the 'bardiyyah'.

والأبارد: النمور، واحدها أبرد؛ يقال للنمر الأنثى أبرد والخيثمة

And 'al-abārid' are leopards, its singular is 'abrad'; the female leopard is called 'abrad' and 'al-khaythama'.

يسقون من ورد البريص عليهم ... بردى، تصفق بالرحيق السلسل

They drink from the 'Bariṣ' that comes to them... Barada, splashing with sweet nectar.

ظلت بنهي البردان تغتسل، ... تشرب منه نهلات وتعل

She bathed in the prohibition of Al-Burdan, drinking from it in gulps and quenching her thirst.

بالمرهفات البوارد

With the sharp, cold (swords).