كدح

Root entry · 21 derived lemmas

The root كدح (k-d-ḥ) primarily denotes strenuous effort, toil, and hard work, often involving physical exertion or hardship. It extends to meanings of scratching, marking, or damaging, particularly the skin, and can also refer to earning or acquiring something through such effort. The concept can apply to worldly pursuits or spiritual striving.

Derived headwords

الكَدْحnoun

1.
Toil and effortboth
The act of working hard, striving, and exerting oneself, often with difficulty, for sustenance or to achieve a goal.
2.
Scratching or abrasionboth
A scratch or abrasion on the skin, typically caused by a sharp object, stone, or hoof.
3.
Earning or acquisitionboth
Acquiring or earning one's livelihood or provisions, especially through hard labor.
4.
Spiritual strivingclassical
Laborious effort or striving towards God.

كدحverb

1.
To toil and striveboth
To work hard, exert oneself, and strive, especially in pursuit of one's livelihood or a goal.
2.
To scratch or abradeboth
To scratch or cause an abrasion on something, particularly the skin.
3.
To earn through hardshipboth
To earn or acquire something, especially for one's family, through difficult labor.

كدحاnoun

1.
Toil and effortboth
A masdar (verbal noun) indicating strenuous effort, hard work, and striving.
2.
Scratchingboth
A masdar (verbal noun) referring to the act of scratching or abrading.

يكدحverb

1.
He toils and strivesboth
Present tense of the verb 'to toil and strive', indicating ongoing hard work and effort.
2.
He scratchesboth
Present tense of the verb 'to scratch', indicating the act of causing a scratch or abrasion.

اكتسبverb

1.
To acquire through effortboth
To gain or earn something, particularly through strenuous effort or labor.

ناصبverb

1.
To labor or striveclassical
To exert oneself, to labor hard, or to strive diligently.

السعيnoun

1.
Striving and effortboth
The act of striving, endeavoring, or making an effort, often in pursuit of a goal.

الحرصnoun

1.
Eagerness and diligenceboth
Intense desire, eagerness, and diligence in pursuing something.

الدؤوبadjective

1.
Diligent and persistentboth
Characterized by continuous and persistent effort; diligent and unceasing.

أكدحverb

1.
To acquire or earnboth
To acquire or earn, especially for one's family, through hard work.

المكادحnoun

1.
Hardships or difficult tasksclassical
The difficult tasks or hardships that one undertakes to earn a living.

الكدمnoun

1.
Bruising or contusionclassical
A bruise or contusion, typically caused by a blunt impact, distinguished from scratching.

فتكدحverb

1.
It became scratchedboth
Passive form indicating that something, like skin, became scratched or abraded.

تخدشverb

1.
It became scratchedboth
To become scratched or abraded; to sustain a scratch.

تكدحverb

1.
It became scratchedboth
To become scratched or abraded; to sustain a scratch.

الخموشnoun

1.
Scratches or grazesclassical
Light scratches or grazes, often on the face.

الكدوحnoun

1.
Scratches or abrasionsboth
Scratches or abrasions, particularly on the face, resulting from scratching or biting.

مكدحadjective

1.
Bittenclassical
Describing an animal, particularly a wild ass, that has been bitten.

مكدمadjective

1.
Bittenclassical
Describing an animal that has been bitten.

التكديحnoun

1.
Scratchingboth
The act of scratching or causing scratches.

وكودحname

1.
Kuduhclassical
A proper name mentioned in the text.

Parallel reading

الكدح: العمل والسعي والكسب والخدش.

Al-kadḥ: work, striving, earning, and scratching.

والكدح: عمل الإنسان لنفسه من خير أو شر.

And al-kadḥ: a person's action for themselves, whether good or evil.

كدح يكدح كدحا وكدح لأهله كدحا: وهو اكتسابه بمشقة.

Kadḥa yakdaḥu kadḥan and kadḥa li-ahlīhi kadḥan: which is acquiring (sustenance) with hardship.

إنك كادح إلى ربك كدحا أي ناصب إلى ربك نصبا

Indeed, you are striving laboriously towards your Lord, a striving, meaning you are toiling laboriously towards your Lord.

الكدح في اللغة السعي والحرص والدؤوب في العمل في باب الدنيا وباب الآخرة

Al-kadḥ in the language means striving, eagerness, and diligence in work, concerning worldly matters and the hereafter.

وما الدهر إلا تارتان: فمنهما ... أموت، وأخرى أبتغي العيش أكدح

And time is but two turns: one in which I die, and another in which I seek to live and strive.

أي تارة أسعى في طلب العيش وأدأب.

Meaning, one turn I strive in seeking a livelihood and persevere.

ويقال: هو يكدح في كذا أي يكد.

And it is said: He is toiling in such-and-such, meaning he is working hard.

ويكتدح أي يكتسب لهم؛

And he strives to earn, meaning he acquires for them;

أبو عيال يكدح المكادحا

A father of a family toiling through hardships.

والكدح بالسن: دون الكدم بالأسنان، والفعل كالفعل؛

And al-kadḥ with teeth (or a sharp object) is less than al-kadam with teeth (a blunt impact), and the verb is like the verb (for al-kadam).

وقيل: الكدح قشر الجلد يكون بالحجر والحافر.

And it is said: Al-kadḥ is the peeling of the skin, which can be caused by a stone or a hoof.

وكدح جلده وكدحه فتكدح، كلاهما: خدشه فتخدش.

And he scratched his skin, and it was scratched, and it became scratched; both mean: he scratched it, and it became scratched.

وتكدح الجلد: تخدش.

And the skin became scratched: it was scratched.

من سأل وهو غني جاءت مسألته يوم القيامة خدوشا أو خموشا أو كدوحا في وجهه.

Whoever asks while he is rich, his request will come on the Day of Resurrection as scratches, grazes, or abrasions on his face.

ابن الأثير: الكدوح الخدوش.

Ibn al-Athir: Al-kudūḥ are scratches.

وكل أثر من خدش أو عض فهو كدح؛

And every mark from a scratch or a bite is a kadḥ;

وأصابه شيء فكدح وجهه.

And something struck him and scratched his face.

وحمار مكدح: معضض.

And a mكدḥ donkey: bitten.

والكدوح: آثار العض، واحدها كدح، وعم بعضهم به الأثر.

And al-kudūḥ: are the marks of bites, the singular of which is kadḥ, and some have generalized it to mean any mark.

والحمر يعضضنه؛ وأنشد:

And the asses bite it; and he recited:

يمشون حول مكدم، قد كدحت ... متنيه حمل حناتم وقلال

They walk around a bitten one, whose flanks have been scratched by carrying loads of dates and small pitchers.

وكدح فلان وجه فلان إذا عمل به ما يشينه.

And so-and-so scratched so-and-so's face if something was done to it that disfigured it.

وكدح وجه أمره إذا أفسده.

And he marred the face of his affair if he corrupted it.

وبه كدح وكدوح أي خدوش؛

And on him is kadḥ and kudūḥ, meaning scratches;

والتكديح: التخديش.

And al-takdīḥ: is scratching.

المسائل كدوح يكدح بها الرجل وجهه.

Requests are scratches with which a man scratches his own face.

ووقع من السطح فتكدح أي تكسر، وتبدل الهاء من كل ذلك.

And he fell from the roof and became broken, and the 'ha' is substituted for all of that.

وكدح رأسه بالمشط: فرج شعره به.

And he combed his head with a comb: he parted his hair with it.