الضح: الشمس، وقيل: هو ضوؤها، وقيل: هو ضوؤها إذا استمكن من الأرض، وقيل: هو قرنها يصيبك، وقيل: كل ما أصابته الشمس ضح
Al-Dah: the sun, and it is said: it is its light, and it is said: it is its light when it reaches the earth, and it is said: it is its heat that strikes you, and it is said: everything that the sun strikes is 'dah'.
وفي الحديث: لا يقعدن أحدكم بين الضح والظل فإنه مقعد الشيطان
And in the Hadith: Let no one among you sit between the sunlight and the shade, for it is the seat of Satan.
قال ذو الرمة يصف الحرباء: غدا أكهب الأعلى وراح كأنه، ... من الضح واستقباله الشمس، أخضر
Dhu al-Rummah said, describing a chameleon: He went in the morning with his upper part reddish and returned as if, ... green from the sunlight and facing the sun.
الأزهري: قال أبو الهيثم: الضح نقيض الظل، وهو نور الشمس الذي في السماء على وجه الأرض، والشمس هو النور الذي في السماء يطلع ويغرب، وأما ضوؤه على الأرض فضح
Al-Azhari said: Abu Al-Haytham said: Al-Dah is the opposite of shade, and it is the light of the sun that is in the sky on the face of the earth, and the sun is the light that is in the sky, rising and setting, and its light on the earth is 'dah'.
وأصله الضحي فاستثقلوا الياء مع سكون الحاء فثقلوها، وقالوا الضح
And its origin is 'al-duha', but they found the 'ya' heavy with the quiescent 'ha', so they made it heavy and said 'al-dah'.
ومن أمثال العرب: جاء بالضح والريح.
And among the proverbs of the Arabs: He came with the sun and the wind.
وضحضح الأمر إذا تبين
And the matter became clear ('dahdah') when it became evident.
قال الأصمعي: هو مثل الضحضاح ينتشر على وجه الأرض.
Al-Asma'i said: It is like shallow water spreading on the face of the earth.
وروى الأزهري عن أبي الهيثم أنه قال: الضح كان في الأصل الوضح، وهو نور النهار وضوء الشمس، فحذفت الواو وزيدت حاء مع الحاء الأصلية فقيل: الضح
Al-Azhari narrated from Abu Al-Haytham that he said: 'Al-Dah' was originally 'al-wadh', which is the light of day and the sunlight, so the 'waw' was deleted and a 'ha' was added to the original 'ha', so it was said: 'al-dah'.
وجاء فلان بالضح والريح إذا جاء بالمال الكثير؛ يعنون إنما جاء بما طلعت عليه الشمس وجرت عليه الريح يعني من الكثرة
And so-and-so came with the sun and the wind if he came with much wealth; they mean he came with what the sun rose upon and the wind blew over, meaning abundance.
وفي حديث أبي خيثمة: يكون رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، في الضح والريح وأنا في الظل أي يكون بارزا لحر الشمس وهبوب الرياح
And in the Hadith of Abu Khaythama: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, would be in the sunlight and the wind, and I would be in the shade, meaning he would be exposed to the heat of the sun and the blowing of the winds.
قال: والضح ضوء الشمس إذا استمكن من الأرض، وهو كالقمراء للقمر
He said: And 'al-dah' is the sunlight when it reaches the earth, and it is like 'al-qamra'' for the moon.
ابن الأعرابي: الضح ما ضحا للشمس، والريح ما نالته الريح.
Ibn Al-A'rabi: 'Al-dah' is what is exposed to the sun, and 'al-rih' is what the wind reaches.
وقال الأصمعي: الضح الشمس بعينها؛ وأنشد: أبيض أبرزه للضح راقبه، ... مقلد قضب الريحان مفغوم
And Al-Asma'i said: 'Al-dah' is the sun itself; and he recited: A white one, exposed to the sun, watched by its guardian, ... adorned with sprigs of fragrant basil.
وفي حديث عياش بن أبي ربيعة: لما هاجر أقسمت أمه بالله لا يظلها ظل ولا تزال في الضح والريح حتى يرجع إليها
And in the Hadith of Iyas bin Abi Rabi'ah: When he migrated, his mother swore by Allah that no shade would cover her, and she would remain in the sunlight and the wind until he returned to her.
وفي الحديث: لو مات كعب عن الضح والريح لورثه الزبير ؛ أراد: لو مات عما طلعت عليه الشمس وجرت عليه الريح، كنى بهما عن كثرة المال
And in the Hadith: If Ka'b died with 'al-dah' and 'al-rih', Al-Zubayr would inherit him; meaning: if he died with what the sun rose upon and the wind blew over, he meant by them abundance of wealth.
والضح: ما برز من الأرض للشمس.
And 'al-dah': what emerges from the earth to the sun.
والضح: البراز الظاهر من الأرض، ولا جمع لكل شيء من ذلك.
And 'al-dah': the apparent emergence from the earth, and there is no plural for any of this.
والضحضح والضحضاح: الماء القليل يكون في الغدير وغيره، والضحل مثله، وكذلك المتضحضح؛ وأنشد شمر لساعدة بن جؤية: واستدبروا كل ضحضاح مدفئة، ... والمحصنات وأوزاعا من الصرم
And 'al-dahdah' and 'al-dahdah': the little water in a pond or elsewhere, and 'al-dahhl' is similar, as is 'al-mutadahdah'; and Shamir recited for Sa'idah bin Ju'ayyah: And they turned their backs on every shallow pool, ... and on married women and various groups from the encampment.
وقيل: هو الماء اليسير؛ وقيل: هو ما لا غرق فيه ولا له غمر؛ وقيل: هو الماء إلى الكعبين إلى أنصاف السوق
And it is said: it is a little water; and it is said: it is what is not drowning and has no depth; and it is said: it is water up to the ankles to mid-calves.
وقول أبي ذؤيب: يحش رعدا كهدر الفحل، يتبعه ... أدم، تعطف حول الفحل، ضحضاح
And the saying of Abu Dhu'ayb: It gathers thunder like the roaring of a male camel, followed by ... skin, curving around the male camel, shallow.
قال خالد بن كلثوم: ضحضاح في لغة هذيل كثير لا يعرفها غيرهم؛ يقال: عنده إبل ضحضاح، قال الأصمعي: غنم ضحضاح وإبل ضحضاح كثيرة؛ وقال الأصمعي: هي المنتشرة على وجه الأرض
Khalid bin Kulthum said: 'Dahdah' in the language of Hudhayl means numerous and is not known by others; it is said: he has numerous camels ('dahdah'); Al-Asma'i said: numerous sheep and numerous camels ('dahdah'); and Al-Asma'i said: it is what is spread on the face of the earth.
ومن قوله: ترى بيوت، وترى رماح، ... وغنم مزنم ضحضاح
And from his saying: You see tents, and you see spears, ... and abundant, well-marked sheep ('dahdah').
قال: الأصمعي: هو القليل على كل حال، وأراد هنا جماعة إبل قليلة.
He said: Al-Asma'i: It is little in any case, and here he meant a small herd of camels.
وقد تضحضح الماء؛ قال ابن مقبل: وأظهر في علان رقد، وسيله ... علاجيم، لا ضحل ولا متضحضح
And the water became shallow ('tadahdah'); Ibn Muqbil said: And he revealed in the open expanse, its flow ... clear streams, neither shallow nor shimmering ('mutadahdah').
ومعنى ماء ضحضاح أي قريب القعر.
And the meaning of 'ma' dahdah' is that it is shallow (near the bottom).
وفي حديث أبي المنهال: في النار أودية في ضحضاح ؛ شبه قلة النار بالضحضاح من الماء فاستعاره فيه؛ ومنه الحديث الذي يروى في أبي طالب: وجدته في غمرات من النار فأخرجته إلى ضحضاح ؛ وفي رواية: إنه في ضحضاح من نار يغلي منه دماغه.
And in the Hadith of Abu Al-Minhal: In the Fire are valleys in shallow ground ('dahdah'); he likened the intensity of the Fire to the shallow water and borrowed it for the Fire; and from it is the Hadith narrated about Abu Talib: I found him in the depths of Fire and brought him out to shallow ground ('dahdah'); and in another narration: He is in a shallow part of the Fire, his brain boiling from it.
والضحضاح في الأصل: ما رق من الماء على وجه الأرض ما يبلغ الكعبين واستعاره للنار.
And 'al-dahdah' originally means: what is thin of water on the face of the earth, reaching the ankles, and it was borrowed for the Fire.
والضحضح والضحضحة والتضحضح: جري السراب.
And 'al-dahdah', 'al-dahdahah', and 'tadahdahah': the running of the heat haze.
وضحضح السراب وتضحضح إذا ترقرق.
And the heat haze shimmered ('dahdah') and shimmered ('tadahdah') when it rippled.