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جرح

Root entry · 21 derived lemmas

The root جرح (jarḥa) primarily concerns causing physical harm, especially with a weapon, leading to wounds. It extends metaphorically to causing harm through speech or by finding fault, and also to earning or acquiring something, particularly wealth or offspring.

Derived headwords

جَرَحَverb
  1. 1.
    to woundboth

    To inflict a wound upon someone, typically with a weapon.

  2. 2.
    to wound severelyclassical

    To wound extensively or deeply, indicating a significant injury.

  3. 3.
    to insultboth

    To harm someone's reputation or feelings through speech.

  4. 4.
    to earn/acquireboth

    To gain or acquire something, often through effort or by earning.

جَرَحَهُ بالسلاح — He wounded him with a weapon.
جَرَحَهُ بلسانه — He insulted him with his tongue.
الجُرْحnoun
  1. 1.
    woundboth

    A physical injury caused by a weapon or other means.

الجرح، بالضم — The wound (pronounced with dammah on the jim).
أَجْرَاحnoun
  1. 1.
    woundsclassical

    Plural of 'wound', used poetically.

مُضَرَّجَاتٌ بِأَجْرَاحٍ — Stained with wounds.
جُرُوحnoun
  1. 1.
    woundsboth

    Plural of 'wound'.

جِرَاحnoun
  1. 1.
    woundsboth

    Plural of 'wound'.

الجَرَاحَةnoun
  1. 1.
    woundboth

    A single instance of a wound, such as a stab or a blow.

الجَرَاحَةُ الْوَاحِدَةُ مِنْ طَعْنَةٍ أَوْ ضَرْبَةٍ — The single wound from a stab or a blow.
جِرَاحَاتnoun
  1. 1.
    woundsboth

    Plural of 'wound' (singular: جراحة).

جَرِيحadjective
  1. 1.
    woundedboth

    Injured or wounded, especially by a weapon.

رَجُلٌ جَرِيحٌ مِنْ قَوْمٍ جَرْحَى — A wounded man from a group of wounded people.
جَرْحَىnoun
  1. 1.
    the woundedboth

    A collective noun for wounded people.

وَنِسْوَةٌ جَرْحَى كَرِجَالٍ جَرْحَى — And wounded women like wounded men.
جُرِحَverb
  1. 1.
    to be woundedboth

    Passive form, indicating someone has been wounded.

جَرَّحَverb
  1. 1.
    to wound severelyboth

    To wound intensely or repeatedly, indicating severity or multiplicity of wounds.

وَجَرَحَهُ: أَكْثَرَ ذَلِكَ فِيهِ — And he wounded him severely: that increased it (the wound) in him.
جَارَحَverb
  1. 1.
    to insultclassical

    To engage in mutual insult or verbal attack.

وَقَادِحٌ فِي سَاقِ مَنْ شَاتَمَنِي، وَجَارِحٌ — And one who disparages the honor of whoever insults me, and engages in mutual insult.
جَبَّارnoun
  1. 1.
    nullifierclassical

    Used in the context of an animal's action causing harm, which is considered divinely ordained or without legal consequence.

الْعَجْمَاءُ جُرْحُهَا جَبَّارٌ — The wound caused by an animal (that cannot speak) is nullified (i.e., no liability).
جُرِّحَverb
  1. 1.
    to be discreditedclassical

    Used for a witness whose testimony is invalidated due to dishonesty or other flaws.

جُرِّحَ الشَّاهِدُ — The witness was discredited.
اسْتَجْرَحَverb
  1. 1.
    to incur fault/damageclassical

    To acquire defects, faults, or damage; to become corrupted.

اسْتَجْرَحَتْ هَذِهِ الأَحَادِيثُ — These hadiths have become corrupted.
اسْتِجْرَاحnoun
  1. 1.
    fault/damageclassical

    The state of being flawed, defective, or corrupted; incurring harm or criticism.

إِلَّا اسْتِجْرَاحًا أَيْ فَسَادًا — Except for corruption (i.e., becoming worse).
جَرَحَverb
  1. 1.
    to earn/acquireboth

    To gain or acquire something, often through effort or by earning.

وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَتَوَفَّاكُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا جَرَحْتُمْ بِالنَّهَارِ — And He is the one who takes your souls by night and knows what you have earned by day.
اجْتَرَحَverb
  1. 1.
    to earn/acquireboth

    To gain or acquire something, often through effort or by earning.

أَمْ حَسِبَ الَّذِينَ اجْتَرَحُوا السَّيِّئَاتِ — Or do those who commit evil deeds think...
جَوَارِحnoun
  1. 1.
    predatory animalsboth

    Animals of prey (birds, beasts, dogs) that hunt and catch game.

  2. 2.
    female horses/camelsclassical

    Young female horses or camels, expected to bear offspring.

  3. 3.
    limbs/organsboth

    The human body's limbs and organs (hands, feet) that perform actions.

وَمَا عَلَّمْتُمْ مِنَ الْجَوَارِحِ مُكَلِّبِينَ — And [those that you have taught] of the predatory animals, [teaching them] to hunt...
وَفُلَانٌ يَجْرَحُ لِعِيَالِهِ وَيَجْتَرِحُ — And so-and-so earns for his family and acquires.
جَارِحَةnoun
  1. 1.
    predatory animalboth

    A single animal of prey that hunts and catches game.

  2. 2.
    female animalclassical

    A female animal capable of bearing young.

  3. 3.
    limb/organboth

    A single limb or organ of the body that performs actions.

وَالْوَاحِدَةُ جَارِحَةٌ — And the singular is 'jāriḥah'.
جَارِحnoun
  1. 1.
    earnerboth

    One who earns or acquires sustenance for his family.

فُلَانٌ جَارِحٌ أَهْلَهُ وَجَارِحَتُهُمْ أَيْ كَاسِبُهُمْ — So-and-so is an earner for his family and their earner, meaning their provider.

Parallel reading

أَثَّرَ فِيهِ بِالسِّلَاحِ
He affected him with a weapon (i.e., wounded him).
وَجَرَحَهُ: أَكْثَرَ ذَلِكَ فِيهِ
And he wounded him severely: that increased it (the wound) in him.
مَلُّوا قِرَاهُ، وَهَرَّتْهُ كِلَابُهُمْ، ... وَجَرَحُوهُ بِأَنْيَابٍ وَأَضْرَاسٍ
They grew tired of his hospitality, and their dogs tore him apart, ... and they wounded him with teeth and molars.
وَالِاسْمُ الْجُرْحُ، بِالضَّمِّ
And the noun is 'al-jurḥ', with dammah.
وَقِيلَ: لَمْ يَقُولُوا أَجْرَاحَ إِلَّا مَا جَاءَ فِي شِعْرٍ
And it was said: they did not say 'ajrāḥ' except what came in poetry.
وَالْجَرَاحَةُ: اسْمُ الضَّرْبَةِ أَوِ الطَّعْنَةِ
And 'al-jirāḥah': the name for a blow or a stab.
وَقَوْلُ اللَّيْثِ الْجَرَاحَةُ الْوَاحِدَةُ خَطَأٌ
And Al-Layth's saying 'al-jirāḥah' is the singular is incorrect.
وَرَجُلٌ جَرِيحٌ مِنْ قَوْمٍ جَرْحَى
And a wounded man from a group of wounded people.
وَلَا يَجْمَعُ جَمْعَ السَّلَامَةِ لِأَنَّ مُؤَنَّثَهُ لَا تَدْخُلُهُ الْهَاءُ
And it is not collected with the sound feminine plural because its feminine form does not take the 'taa' marbuta'.
وَجَرَحَهُ: شُدِّدَ لِلْكَثْرَةِ
And he wounded him severely: it was doubled for multiplicity.
وَجَرَحَهُ بِلِسَانِهِ: شَتَمَهُ
And he wounded him with his tongue: he insulted him.
الْعَجْمَاءُ جُرْحُهَا جَبَّارٌ
The wound caused by an animal (that cannot speak) is nullified (i.e., no liability).
وَقَدْ قِيلَ ذَلِكَ فِي غَيْرِ الْحَاكِمِ، فَقِيلَ: جُرِّحَ الرَّجُلُ غَضَّ شَهَادَتَهُ
And that has been said about others than a judge, so it was said: the man was discredited, his testimony was rejected.
وَقَدِ اسْتَجْرَحَ الشَّاهِدُ
And the witness has been discredited.
وَعَظْتُكُمْ فَلَمْ تَزْدَادُوا عَلَى الْمَوْعِظَةِ إِلَّا اسْتِجْرَاحًا أَيْ فَسَادًا
I admonished you, but you only increased in corruption (i.e., became worse) from the admonition.
وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَتَوَفَّاكُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا جَرَحْتُمْ بِالنَّهَارِ
And He is the one who takes your souls by night and knows what you have earned by day.
وَيُقَالُ: مَا لَهُ جَارِحَةٌ أَيْ مَا لَهُ كَاسِبٌ
And it is said: he has no 'jāriḥah', meaning he has no provider.
وَهَذِهِ الْجَارِيَةُ وَهَذِهِ الْفَرَسُ وَالنَّاقَةُ وَالأَتَانُ مِنْ جَوَارِحِ الْمَالِ أَيْ أَنَّهَا شَابَّةٌ مُقْبِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ وَالشَّبَابُ يُرْجَى وَلَدُهَا
And this young female slave, and this mare, and she-camel, and she-donkey are from the 'jawāriḥ' of wealth, meaning they are young, fertile, and their offspring are hoped for.
وَفُلَانٌ يَجْرَحُ لِعِيَالِهِ وَيَجْتَرِحُ وَيُقَرِّشُ وَيُقْتَرِشُ، بِمَعْنًى
And so-and-so earns for his family, and acquires, and gathers, and collects, meaning the same.
أَمْ حَسِبَ الَّذِينَ اجْتَرَحُوا السَّيِّئَاتِ
Or do those who commit evil deeds think...
وَالْجَوَارِحُ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ وَالسِّبَاعِ وَالْكِلَابِ: ذَوَاتُ الصَّيْدِ لِأَنَّهَا تَجْرَحُ لِأَهْلِهَا أَيْ تَكْسِبُ لَهُمْ
And 'al-jawāriḥ' from birds, beasts, and dogs: those that hunt, because they 'tajraḥ' for their people, meaning they earn for them.
وَأُحِلَّ لَكُمْ صَيْدُ مَا عَلَّمْتُمْ مِنَ الْجَوَارِحِ
And the game of what you have taught of the predatory animals is made lawful for you.
وَجَوَارِحُ الْإِنْسَانِ: أَعْضَاؤُهُ وَعَوَامِلُ جَسَدِهِ كَيَدَيْهِ وَرِجْلَيْهِ، وَاحِدَتُهَا جَارِحَةٌ
And the 'jawāriḥ' of a human: his limbs and organs of his body, like his hands and feet, the singular of which is 'jāriḥah'.
لِأَنَّهُنَّ يَجْرَحْنَ الْخَيْرَ وَالشَّرَّ أَيْ يَكْسِبْنَهُ
Because they 'yajraḥna' good and evil, meaning they earn it.
وَجُرِحَ لَهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ: قَطَعَ لَهُ مِنْهُ قِطْعَةً
And he cut off for him from his wealth: he allocated a portion for him from it.
وَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ ثَعْلَبٌ فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا هُوَ جَزَحٌ، بِالزَّايِ
And Tha'lab refuted him, saying: it is actually 'jazḥ', with a 'zay'.