ثلث

Root entry · 26 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'three' or 'a third'. It extends to numerical multiples, fractions, and quantities related to this number. It also encompasses derived meanings like being triangular, a third party, or a specific measure.

Derived headwords

الثلاثةnoun

1.
threeboth
The cardinal number three, referring to a quantity of three items.
2.
three vesselsclassical
Specifically refers to three vessels, as interpreted in one reading of a classical text.

مثنىadjective

1.
two by twoboth
Indicates an arrangement or grouping of two by two.
2.
pairedboth
Describing something that is in pairs or done in twos.

فانكحوا ما طاب لكم من النساء مثنى وثلاث ورباع — Marry of the women that please you two, or three, or four.

ثلاثadjective

1.
three by threeboth
Indicates an arrangement or grouping of three by three.
2.
tripledboth
Describing something done in threes or consisting of three parts.

فانكحوا ما طاب لكم من النساء مثنى وثلاث ورباع — Marry of the women that please you two, or three, or four.

رباعadjective

1.
four by fourboth
Indicates an arrangement or grouping of four by four.
2.
quadrupledboth
Describing something done in fours or consisting of four parts.

فانكحوا ما طاب لكم من النساء مثنى وثلاث ورباع — Marry of the women that please you two, or three, or four.

مُثَلَّثadjective

1.
triangularboth
Having three sides or angles; shaped like a triangle.
2.
third partyclassical
One who acts as an intermediary or instigator, often in a negative context.
3.
triplyboth
Done or arranged in three ways or three times.

والمثلث: الساعي بأخيه — And the 'muthallath' is one who incites his brother (against another).

أحيدadjective

1.
one by oneclassical
Indicates an arrangement or grouping of one by one, derived from the diminutive of 'one'.

ثنيadjective

1.
two by twoclassical
Indicates an arrangement or grouping of two by two, derived from the diminutive of 'two'.

ثليثadjective

1.
three by threeclassical
Indicates an arrangement or grouping of three by three, derived from the diminutive of 'three'.
2.
a third partclassical
A portion equal to one-third of a whole.

توفي الثليث، إذا ما كان في رجب — The 'thulith' died, when it was in Rajab.

ربيعadjective

1.
four by fourclassical
Indicates an arrangement or grouping of four by four, derived from the diminutive of 'four'.

ثلثnoun

1.
a thirdboth
One part of three equal parts; one-third.
2.
one-third shareboth
A portion or share amounting to one-third, especially of property or resources.

وهو يسقي نخله الثلث — And he waters his palm trees with one-third (of the water).

أثلاثnoun

1.
thirdsboth
Plural of 'a third', referring to multiple portions of one-third.

ثلثverb

1.
to take a thirdboth
To take or receive one-third of something, especially property or wealth.
2.
to give a thirdboth
To allocate or give one-third of something.

ثلثهم يثلثهم ثلثا — He took a third of their wealth.

مثلوثadjective

1.
having a third takenboth
Describing something from which one-third has been taken or consumed.
2.
diminished by a thirdboth
Reduced in quantity or value by one-third.

والمثلوث: ما أخذ ثلثه — And the 'mathluth' is that from which a third has been taken.

مثلاثadjective

1.
related to a thirdclassical
Pertaining to or derived from the concept of a third, analogous to 'rubaa' from 'rub' (a quarter).

أثلثverb

1.
to have a third remainingboth
To have one-third of something left over, especially fruit.
2.
to produce a thirdboth
To yield or produce a quantity equal to one-third.

أثلث الكرم: فضل ثلثه، وأكل ثلثاه — The vine 'athalathat': its third remained, and two-thirds were eaten.

مثلثverb

1.
to be triangularboth
To have a triangular shape.

ثلثnoun

1.
third offspringclassical
The third offspring of a female animal, particularly a camel.

ثلث الناقة: ولدها الثالث — The 'thulth' of a she-camel: her third offspring.

مثلثnoun

1.
triangular objectboth
An object that is triangular in shape.

ثلثnoun

1.
watering schedule (one-third)classical
Referring to a watering schedule for date palms where they are watered every third day.

هو يسقي نخله الثلث — He waters his palm trees on the third-day schedule.

ثلثانnoun

1.
two-thirdsboth
The fraction representing two parts of three equal parts.
2.
black nightshadeboth
A type of plant, specifically black nightshade.

مثلوثnoun

1.
a third part consumedboth
That which has had one-third of it taken or consumed.

مثلوثnoun

1.
part of a verseclassical
A portion of a poetic meter, specifically referring to two parts out of six in certain meters.

والمثلوث من الشعر: الذي ذهب جزآن من ستة أجزائه — And the 'mathluth' of poetry is that from which two parts out of its six parts have gone.

مثلوثnoun

1.
worn outclassical
Describing something that is depleted or worn out, having had a significant portion taken.

وكل مثلوث منهوك — And everything from which a third has been taken is 'manhuk' (depleted).

مثلوثnoun

1.
woven fabricclassical
A type of fabric woven from wool, down, and hair.

كساء مثلوث — A garment that is 'mathluth' (woven from wool, down, and hair).

ذو ثلاثnoun

1.
camel's girthclassical
Referring to the girth or belly strap of a camel.
2.
two layers of skinclassical
The two outer layers of skin, one removed after flaying.

ويقال لوضين البعير: ذو ثلاث — And the girth of a camel is called 'dhu thalath'.

تثليثname

1.
name of a placeclassical
A proper noun referring to a specific location, possibly a valley.

من تثليث — From Tathlith.

Parallel reading

ولا قيلت إلا قريبا مقالها هكذا أنشده بضم الثاء: الثلاثة، وفسره بأنه ثلاثة آنية، وكذلك رواه قيلت، بضم القاف، ولم يفسره؛

And it was not said except close to its meaning, thus he recited it with a damma on the tha': 'al-thalathah', and interpreted it as three vessels, and similarly he narrated 'qilat' with a damma on the qaf, and did not interpret it;

وقال ثعلب: إنما هو قيلت، بفتحها، وفسره بأنها التي تقيل الناس أي تسقيهم لبن القيل، وهو شرب النهار فالمفعول، على هذا محذوف.

And Tha'lab said: it is only 'qilat' with a fatha on it, and he interpreted it as that which gives people a midday rest, meaning it gives them to drink the milk of the midday rest, which is drinking during the day, so the object is, according to this, omitted.

فانكحوا ما طاب لكم من النساء مثنى وثلاث ورباع ؛ معناه: اثنين اثنين، وثلاثا ثلاثا، إلا أنه لم ينصرف لجهتين: إحداهما أنه معدول عن اثنين اثنين، وثلاث ثلاث، والثانية أنه عدل عن تأنيث.

Marry of the women that please you two, or three, or four; meaning: two by two, and three by three, except that it is not declined for two reasons: one is that it is a diversion from 'ithnan ithnan' and 'thalath thalath', and the second is that it is a diversion from femininity.

وثلاث ومثلث غير مصروف للعدل والصفة، لأنه عدل من ثلاثة إلى ثلاث ومثلث، وهو صفة، لأنك تقول: مررت بقوم مثنى وثلاث.

And 'thalath' and 'muthallath' are undeclined due to diversion and being an adjective, because it is a diversion from 'thalathah' to 'thalath' and 'muthallath', and it is an adjective, because you say: I passed by people in pairs and in threes.

أولي أجنحة مثنى وثلاث ورباع ؛ فوصف به؛ وهذا قول سيبويه.

Possessors of wings, in pairs, in threes, and in fours; so it is used as an adjective; and this is the view of Sibawayh.

إنما لم ينصرف لتكرر العدل فيه في اللفظ والمعنى، لأنه عدل عن لفظ اثنين إلى لفظ مثنى وثناء، عن معنى اثنين إلى معنى اثنين اثنين، إذا قلت جاءت الخيل مثنى؛ فالمعنى اثنين اثنين أي جاؤوا مزدوجين؛

It is not declined because the diversion is repeated in it in both wording and meaning, because it is a diversion from the word 'ithnan' to the word 'muthanna' and 'thana', from the meaning of two to the meaning of two by two, when you say the horses came 'muthanna'; the meaning is two by two, meaning they came in pairs;

فإن صغرته صرفته فقلت: أحيد وثني وثليث وربيع، لأنه مثل حمير، فخرج إلى مثال ما ينصرف، وليس كذلك أحمد وأحسن، لأنه لا يخرج بالتصغير عن وزن الفعل،

If you make it diminutive, you decline it, so you say: 'uhayd', 'thunayy', 'thulayth', and 'rubay'', because it is like 'himar', so it comes to a pattern that is declined, and it is not so with 'ahmad' and 'ahsan', because the diminutive does not take it out of the verb pattern,

لكن اشربوا مثنى وثلاث، وسموا الله تعالى.

But drink in pairs and threes, and invoke the name of God Almighty.

يقال: فعلت الشيء مثنى وثلاث ورباع، غير مصروفات، إذا فعلته مرتين مرتين، وثلاثا ثلاثا، وأربعا أربعا.

It is said: I did the thing 'muthanna', 'thalath', and 'rubaa', undeclined, if you did it twice by two, and three by three, and four by four.

والمثلث: الساعي بأخيه.

And the 'muthallath': the one who incites his brother.

فقال: شر الناس المثلث يعني الساعي بأخيه إلى السلطان يهلك ثلاثة: نفسه، وأخاه، وإمامه بالسعي فيه إليه.

So he said: The worst of people is the 'muthallath', meaning the one who incites his brother to the ruler, destroying three: himself, his brother, and his leader by his striving towards him.

فقال: إني أخاف ثلاثا واثنتين.

So he said: I fear three and two.

أخاف أن أقول بغير حكم، وأقضي بغير علم، وأخاف أن يضرب ظهري، وأن يشتم عرضي، وأن يؤخذ مالي، الثلاث والاثنتان ؛ هذه الخلال التي ذكرها، وإنما لم يقل خمسا، لأن الخلتين الأولتين من الحق عليه، فخاف أن يضيعه، والخلال الثلاث من الحق له، فخاف أن يظلم، فلذلك فرقها.

I fear that I may speak without judgment, and rule without knowledge, and I fear that my back may be beaten, my honor insulted, and my property taken; the three and the two; these are the characteristics he mentioned. He did not say five because the first two characteristics are obligations upon him, so he feared neglecting them, and the three characteristics are rights for him, so he feared being wronged, therefore he separated them.

ثلث الناقة: ولدها الثالث، وأطرده ثعلب في ولد كل أنثى.

The 'thulth' of a she-camel: her third offspring, and Tha'lab extended this to the offspring of every female.

وقد أثلثت، فهي مثلث، ولا يقال: ناقة ثلث.

And she has produced her third offspring, so she is 'muthallath', and it is not said: a 'thulth' she-camel.

والثلث والثليث من الأجزاء: معروف، يطرد ذلك، عند بعضهم، في هذه الكسور، وجمعها أثلاث.

And 'al-thulth' and 'al-thulayth' from the parts: are known, this applies, according to some, to these fractions, and their plural is 'athlaath'.

توفي الثليث، إذا ما كان في رجب، ... والحي في خاثر منها، وإيقاع

The 'thulith' died, when it was in Rajab, ... and the living are in its curdled state, and its falling.

ومثلث مثلث، وموحد موحد، ومثنى مثنى، مثل ثلاث ثلاث.

And 'muthallath' 'muthallath', and 'muwahhad' 'muwahhad', and 'muthanna' 'muthanna', like 'thalath' 'thalath'.

والثلث سهم من ثلاثة، فإذا فتحت الثاء زادت ياء، فقلت: ثليث مثل ثمين وسبيع وسديس وخميس ونصيف؛ وأنكر أبو زيد منها خميسا وثليثا.

And 'al-thulth' is a share of three, so if you open the tha', you add a ya', so you say: 'thulayth' like 'thamin', 'sabee'', 'sudays', 'khamees', and 'niseef'; and Abu Zayd rejected 'khamees' and 'thulayth' from them.

ثلثهم يثلثهم ثلثا: أخذ ثلث أموالهم، وكذلك جميع الكسور إلى العشر.

He took a third of their wealth: he took a third of their money, and similarly all fractions up to a tenth.

والمثلوث: ما أخذ ثلثه؛ وكل مثلوث منهوك؛

And the 'mathluth': is that from which a third has been taken; and every 'mathluth' is 'manhuk' (depleted);

وقيل: المثلوث ما أخذ ثلثه، والمنهوك ما أخذ ثلثاه، وهو رأي العروضيين في الرجز والمنسرح.

And it is said: 'Mathluth' is that from which a third has been taken, and 'manhuk' is that from which two-thirds have been taken, and this is the opinion of the prosodists regarding Rajaz and Munsharh.

والمثلوث من الشعر: الذي ذهب جزآن من ستة أجزائه.

And the 'mathluth' of poetry: is that from which two parts out of its six parts have gone.

والمثلاث من الثلث: كالمرباع من الربع.

And 'al-mathlaath' from 'al-thulth': is like 'al-mirbaa'' from 'al-rub'.

وأثلث الكرم: فضل ثلثه، وأكل ثلثاه.

And the vine 'athalathat': its third remained, and two-thirds were eaten.

وثلث البسر: أرطب ثلثه.

And the unripe dates 'thulthath': its third became ripe.

وإناء ثلثان: بلغ الكيل ثلثه، وكذلك هو في الشراب وغيره.

And a vessel 'thulthān': its measure reached one-third, and it is the same for drink and other things.

والثلثان: شجرة عنب الثعلب.

And 'al-thulthān': the black nightshade plant.

كساء مثلوث

A garment that is 'mathluth' (woven from wool, down, and hair).

ويقال لوضين البعير: ذو ثلاث؛

And the girth of a camel is called: 'dhu thalath';

وقد ضمرت، حتى انطوى ذو ثلاثها، ... إلى أبهري درماء شعب السناسن

And she became lean, until her girth ('dhu thalath') folded... towards her strong, wide-chested, well-formed hindquarters.

ويقال ذو ثلاثها: بطنها والجلدتان العليا والجلدة التي تقشر بعد السلخ.

And 'dhu thalathaha' is said to mean: her belly and the two upper skins and the skin that peels off after flaying.

والثلث، بالكسر، من قولهم: هو يسقي نخله الثلث؛ ولا يستعمل الثلث إلا في هذا الموضع؛

And 'al-thulth', with a kasra, is from their saying: He waters his palm trees on the third-day schedule; and 'al-thulth' is only used in this context;

لأن أقصر الورد الرفه، وهو أن تشرب الإبل كل يوم؛ ثم الغب، وهو أن ترد يوما وتدع يوما؛ فإذا ارتفع من الغب فالظمء الربع ثم الخمس، وكذلك إلى العشر؛ قاله الأصمعي.

Because the shortest watering interval is 'al-rafah', which is when the camels drink every day; then 'al-ghub', which is when they drink one day and skip one day; when it rises from 'al-ghub', it is 'al-dham'' (thirst) the fourth, then the fifth, and so on up to the tenth; this was said by Al-Asma'i.

وتثليث: اسم موضع؛ وقيل: تثليث واد عظيم مشهور؛

And 'Tathlith': is the name of a place; and it is said: 'Tathlith' is a large, famous valley;

كخذول ترعى النواصف، من تثليث، ... قفرا خلا لها الأسلاق

Like a shy gazelle grazing on the high grounds, from Tathlith, ... in a desolate open space where the paths are clear for her.