عمر

Root entry · 6 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns hardship, difficulty, and destruction. It extends to concepts of sin, injustice, and severe affliction, including physical injury like breaking or severe bruising. It can also refer to a specific type of difficult terrain or a notch in a bow.

Derived headwords

عَنَتَverb

1.
to fall into hardshipboth
To fall into a difficult or arduous matter, experiencing severe hardship.
2.
to incur sinboth
To acquire or incur sin or wrongdoing.
3.
to break (bone)classical
For a bone to break or become fractured.
4.
to become lameclassical
For an animal to become lame or crippled.

عُنْتٌnoun

1.
hardshipboth
Severe difficulty, hardship, or affliction.
2.
destructionboth
Perdition, ruin, or utter destruction.
3.
sinboth
Wrongdoing, sin, or transgression.
4.
sexual immoralityboth
Fornication or adultery, often understood as a consequence of intense desire.
5.
injusticeclassical
Injustice, unfairness, or wrongdoing.
6.
injuryclassical
Harm, damage, or a painful affliction.
7.
broken boneclassical
A fractured or broken bone.

أَعَانَتَهُverb

1.
to cause hardshipboth
To cause someone to fall into hardship, difficulty, or destruction.
2.
to impose hardshipboth
To burden someone with a task or obligation that is difficult to perform.
3.
to worsen an injuryclassical
To aggravate a fracture or injury, making it worse.
4.
to overwork an animalclassical
To push an animal beyond its capacity, causing it to become lame.

تَعَنَّتَverb

1.
to be severeclassical
To be severe or strict, especially in demanding something.
2.
to seek out faultclassical
To seek out someone's errors or faults, often with the intention of causing trouble.
3.
to cause hardshipclassical
To impose hardship or difficulty upon someone.

تَعَنُّتٌnoun

1.
severityclassical
Severity, strictness, or harshness in dealing with someone.
2.
seeking faultclassical
The act of seeking out someone's mistakes or faults.
3.
causing hardshipclassical
The act of imposing hardship or difficulty.

عَنَتُوتٌnoun

1.
small hillclassical
A small, pointed hill or a low hillock.
2.
notch in a bowclassical
The groove or notch in a bow where the string is attached.

Parallel reading

أردت أن تعنتني أي تطلب عنتي، وتسقطني.

You wanted to cause me hardship, meaning you sought my hardship and my downfall.

والعنت الهلاك.

And 'al-'unut' is destruction.

وأعنته أوقعه في الهلكة؛

And 'a'anatahu' means to cause him to fall into destruction.

لو يطيعكم في كثير من الأمر لعنتم ؛

If he were to obey you in many matters, you would fall into hardship.

لوقعتم في عنت أي في فساد وهلاك.

You would have fallen into hardship, meaning into corruption and destruction.

ولو شاء الله لأعنتكم ؛

And if Allah had willed, He would have imposed hardship upon you.

معناه: لو شاء لشدد عليكم، وتعبدكم بما يصعب عليكم أداؤه، كما فعل بمن كان قبلكم.

Its meaning is: if He had willed, He would have made things severe for you, and burdened you with what is difficult for you to perform, as He did with those before you.

وقد يوضع العنت موضع الهلاك، فيجوز أن يكون معناه: لو شاء الله لأعنتكم أي لأهلككم بحكم يكون فيه غير ظالم.

And 'al-'unut' may be used in place of destruction, so it is permissible for its meaning to be: if Allah had willed, He would have destroyed you by a judgment in which He would not be unjust.

أصل التعنت التشديد، فإذا قالت العرب: فلان يتعنت فلانا ويعنته، فمرادهم يشدد عليه، ويلزمه بما يصعب عليه أداؤه؛

The origin of 'ta'annut' is severity. So when the Arabs say: 'So-and-so is being severe with so-and-so and causing him hardship,' their intention is that he is being severe with him and burdening him with what is difficult for him to perform.

ثم نقلت إلى معنى الهلاك، والأصل ما وصفنا.

Then it was transferred to the meaning of destruction, and the origin is as we have described.

قال ابن الأعرابي: الإعنات تكليف غير الطاقة.

Ibn al-A'rabi said: 'Al-i'anat' is imposing a burden beyond one's capacity.

والعنت: الزنا.

And 'al-'unut' is fornication.

ذلك لمن خشي العنت منكم ؛ يعني الفجور والزنا؛

That is for him who fears hardship among you; meaning fornication and adultery.

ذلك لمن خشي العنت منكم ، وهذا يوجب أن من لم يخش العنت، ولم يجد طولا لحرة، أنه لا يحل له أن ينكح أمة؛

That is for him who fears hardship among you, and this necessitates that he who does not fear hardship, and does not find the means to marry a free woman, it is not permissible for him to marry a slave woman.

فقال بعضهم: معناه ذلك لمن خاف أن يحمله شدة الشبق والغلمة على الزنا، فيلقى العذاب العظيم في الآخرة، والحد في الدنيا،

So some of them said: Its meaning is for him who fears that intense desire and lust will lead him to fornication, so he will face great punishment in the Hereafter and the prescribed punishment in this world.

وقال أبو العباس محمد بن يزيد الثمالي: العنت، هاهنا، الهلاك؛

And Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Tha'labi said: 'Al-'unut,' here, means destruction.

أحاول إعناتي بما قال أو رجا أراد: أحاول إهلاكي.

I seek my destruction by what he said or hoped for. He meant: I seek my destruction.

العنت في كلام العرب الجور والإثم والأذى؛

'Al-'unut' in the speech of the Arabs is injustice, sin, and harm.

يقال: تعنت فلان فلانا إذا أدخل عليه الأذى؛

It is said: 'So-and-so 'ta'annata' so-and-so' if he causes him harm.

العنت في اللغة المشقة الشديدة، والعنت الوقوع في أمر شاق، وقد عنت، وأعنته غيره؛

'Al-'unut' in language is severe hardship, and 'al-'unut' is falling into an arduous matter. A person may experience 'unut,' and another may cause him 'i'anat.'

فإذا شق على الرجل العزبة، وغلبته الغلمة، ولم يجد ما يتزوج به حرة، فله أن ينكح أمة، لأن غلبة الشهوة، واجتماع الماء في الصلب، ربما أدى إلى العلة الصعبة، والله أعلم؛

So if a man finds celibacy difficult, and lust overcomes him, and he does not find the means to marry a free woman, then he may marry a slave woman, because the dominance of desire, and the accumulation of semen in the loins, may lead to a severe illness, and Allah knows best.

قال الجوهري: العنت الإثم؛ وقد عنت الرجل.

Al-Jauhari said: 'Al-'unut' is sin; and a man may commit 'unut.'

عزيز عليه ما عنتم ؛

It grieves him what causes you hardship.

معناه عزيز عليه عنتكم، وهو لقاء الشدة والمشقة؛

Its meaning is: it grieves him your hardship, which is encountering severity and difficulty.

وقال بعضهم: معناه عزيز أي شديد ما أعنتكم أي أوردكم العنت والمشقة.

And some of them said: its meaning is 'aziz' (severe) in what He 'a'annatakum' (caused you to encounter) hardship and difficulty.

أكمة عنوت طويلة شاقة المصعد، وهي العنتوت أيضا؛

A tall, difficult-to-ascend hill, called 'a'nut' and also 'anutut'.

والعنت الكسر، وقد عنتت يده أو رجله أي انكسرت، وكذلك كل عظم؛

And 'al-'unut' is breaking. And his hand or leg may 'anat,' meaning it broke, and so did every bone.

فداو بها أضلاع جنبيك بعد ما ... عنتن، وأعيتك الجبائر من عل

So treat with it the ribs of your sides after they have... broken, and splints have failed you from above.

عنت العظم عنتا، فهو عنت: وهى وانكسر؛

The bone 'anat' (broke) with 'antan' (a breaking); it is 'anit' (broken) and fractured.

فأرغم الله الأنوف الرغما: ... مجدوعها، والعنت المخشما

May Allah abase the noses, abased... their noses cut off, and the broken, the humiliated.

لا يكون العنت إلا الكسر؛

'Al-'unut' is nothing but a fracture.

والوثء الضرب حتى يرهص الجلد واللحم، ويصل الضرب إلى العظم، من غير أن ينكسر.

And 'al-wath' is striking until the skin and flesh are bruised, and the blow reaches the bone, without it breaking.

أعنت الجابر الكسير إذا لم يرفق به، فزاد الكسر فسادا، وكذلك راكب الدابة إذا حمله على ما لا يحتمله من العنف حتى يظلع، فقد أعنته، وقد عنتت الدابة.

The one setting a fracture 'a'anata' the broken limb if he is not gentle with it, thus increasing the fracture's damage. Likewise, the rider of a mount if he burdens it with what it cannot bear of exertion until it limps, he has 'a'anatahu' (caused it hardship), and the mount may 'anat' (become lame).

وجملة العنت: الضرر الشاق المؤذي.

And the essence of 'al-'unut' is harmful, arduous, and painful damage.

في رجل أنعل دابة فعنتت ؛ هكذا جاء في رواية، أي عرجت؛

Regarding a man who shod a mount and it 'anat' (became lame); this is how it came in one narration, meaning it limped.

وسماه عنتا لأنه ضرر وفساد.

And he called it 'unut' because it is harm and damage.

أي عرجت؛ وسماه عنتا لأنه ضرر وفساد.

Meaning it limped; and he called it 'unut' because it is harm and damage.

يهيضه، وهو كسر بعد انجبار، وذلك أشد من الكسر الأول.

It re-breaks it, which is a fracture after healing, and that is more severe than the first fracture.

عنت عنتا: اكتسب مأثما.

'Anata' with 'antan': to acquire a sin.

وجاءني فلان متعنتا إذا جاء يطلب زلتك.

So-and-so came to me 'muta'annitan' if he came seeking your slip-up.

العنتوت: جبيل مستدق في السماء، وقيل: دوين الحرة؛

'Al-'unutut': a small, pointed hill in the sky, and it is said: a small hill near the lava field.

أدركتها تأفر دون العنتوت، ... تلك الهلوك والخريع السلحوت

I overtook her running swiftly before the small hill, ... that lustful and slow-moving one.

العنتوت: الحز في القوس؛

'Al-'unutut': the notch in the bow.

عنتوت القوس هو الحز الذي تدخل فيه الغانة، والغانة: حلقة رأس الوتر.

The 'unutut' of the bow is the notch into which the 'aghanah' is inserted, and the 'aghanah' is the loop at the end of the string.