سبت

Root entry · 18 derived lemmas

This root primarily relates to the concept of cutting, stopping, or ceasing, often applied to leather processing, rest, sleep, and time periods. It also extends to specific days, types of footwear, and swift movement.

Derived headwords

السَّبْتnoun

1.
tanned leatherclassical
Any tanned hide, specifically one tanned with acacia bark (qirẓ). Some restrict it to cowhides, whether tanned or not.
2.
Saturdayboth
The seventh day of the week, named because creation ceased on this day or because the Israelites were commanded to cease work.
3.
time, durationclassical
A period of time, an age, or eternity.
4.
restboth
The state of being at rest or ceasing from activity.
5.
cuttingclassical
The act of cutting or severing.
6.
swift gaitclassical
A fast pace or gait, especially of a camel or horse.
7.
racing, speedclassical
The act of outrunning or being swift in a race.
8.
shaving, close cutclassical
The act of shaving or closely cutting hair or the head.
9.
open landclassical
An open, treeless area of land, like a desert.
10.
plantclassical
A plant resembling mallow.

سَبَتِيَّةadjective

1.
made of tanned leatherclassical
Referring to footwear made from tanned leather, especially cowhide tanned with qirẓ, and having no hair.

سَبَتَverb

1.
to rest, to be stillboth
To cease from activity, to be at rest or tranquil.
2.
to sleep soundlyclassical
To sleep deeply, as if in a trance or profound slumber.
3.
to cut offclassical
To sever or cut something, especially a neck.
4.
to shaveclassical
To shave the head or hair.
5.
to move swiftlyclassical
To move at a fast pace.
6.
to enter Saturdayclassical
To begin or enter into the observance of the Sabbath day.

سَبْتًاnoun

1.
rest, stillnessboth
The state of rest, tranquility, or cessation of activity.
2.
swift gaitclassical
A fast pace or gait.
3.
cuttingclassical
The act of cutting.
4.
shavingclassical
The act of shaving.

السَّبَاتnoun

1.
deep sleep, slumberboth
A profound sleep, often like a trance or a light coma, affecting the head and sometimes reaching the heart.
2.
rest, cessationboth
A state of rest or cessation from activity, often implying a complete stop.

سُبَاتًاnoun

1.
deep sleepboth
Profound sleep or slumber.
2.
cessation, cutting offclassical
A complete stopping or cutting off from activity.

مَسْبُوتadjective

1.
asleep, overcome by sleepclassical
Affected by deep sleep, lying as if dead or in a trance.
2.
motionlessclassical
Completely still and unmoving.
3.
deadclassical
Deceased.
4.
ill, weakclassical
Sick or weak, lying down and often closing the eyes.

أَسْبَتَverb

1.
to become motionlessclassical
To become still and unmoving, like a snake lying low.
2.
to enter the Sabbathclassical
To begin observing the Sabbath day.

السَّبْتَانnoun

1.
two Saturdaysclassical
A period of two weeks, or an unspecified long duration.

السَّبْتَيْنnoun

1.
pair of Sabbath shoesclassical
A pair of shoes made of tanned leather, specifically the 'sabtiyyah' type.

السَّبْتُوتadjective

1.
swift-movingclassical
Describing an animal, like a camel, that moves with a fast, flowing gait.

سَبَتَتverb

1.
to move swiftly (camel)classical
Describing a female camel's gait as being fast and flowing.

سَبْتِيَّةnoun

1.
a type of shoeclassical
A shoe made of tanned leather, specifically cowhide tanned with qirẓ, without hair.

السَّبْتَاءadjective

1.
open, treeless landclassical
Describing land that is flat, open, and devoid of trees, like a desert.

انْسَبَتَّتْverb

1.
to become soft and yieldingclassical
Describing something, like a date, that has become soft and pliable throughout.

مُنْسَبِتّadjective

1.
soft, yieldingclassical
Describing something that has become soft and pliable throughout.

السَّبَنْتَىٰadjective

1.
bold, daringclassical
Describing a creature or person that is forward, brave, or aggressive.

السَّبَنْتَاةnoun

1.
bold female animalclassical
A daring female lion (lioness) or a bold female camel.
2.
sharp-tongued womanclassical
A woman who is verbally aggressive or sharp-tongued.

Parallel reading

السبت، بالكسر: كل جلد مدبوغ، وقيل: هو المدبوغ بالقرظ خاصة؛ وخص بعضهم به جلود البقر، مدبوغة كانت أم غير مدبوغة.

As-sabt, with kasra: every tanned hide, and it was said: it is that tanned with qirẓ specifically; and some restricted it to cowhides, whether tanned or untanned.

ونعال سبتية: لا شعر عليها.

And sabtiyyah sandals: have no hair on them.

الجوهري: السبت، بالكسر، جلود البقر المدبوغة بالقرظ، تحذى منه النعال السبتية.

Al-Jawhari: As-sabt, with kasra, are cowhides tanned with qirẓ, from which sabtiyyah sandals are made.

وفي الحديث: أن النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، رأى رجلا يمشي بين القبور في نعليه، فقال: يا صاحب السبتين، اخلع سبتيك.

And in the Hadith: The Prophet, peace be upon him, saw a man walking among the graves in his sandals, and said: O owner of the two sabtiyyah sandals, take off your sabtiyyah sandals.

قال الأصمعي: السبت الجلد المدبوغ، قال: فإن كان عليه شعر، أو صوف، أو وبر، فهو مصحب.

Al-Asma'i said: As-sabt is tanned leather, he said: if it has hair, wool, or fur on it, it is musaḥḥab.

قال الأزهري: كأنها سميت سبتية، لأن شعرها قد سبت عنها أي حلق وأزيل بعلاج من الدباغ، معلوم عند دباغيها.

Al-Azhari said: It is as if they were named sabtiyyah because their hair has been sabt from them, meaning shaved and removed by a tanning treatment, known to its tanners.

ابن الأعرابي: سميت النعال المدبوغة سبتية، لأنها انسبتت بالدباغ أي لانت.

Ibn Al-A'rabi: Tanned sandals are named sabtiyyah because they became insabatt by tanning, meaning they softened.

والسبت والسبات: الدهر.

And as-sabt and as-sabāt: are time, eternity.

وابنا سبات: الليل والنهار؛ قال ابن أحمر:

And the two sons of Sabāt: are night and day; Ibn Ahmar said:

فكنا وهم كابني سبات تفرقا ... سوى، ثم كانا منجدا وتهاميا

So we were, and they were like the two sons of Sabāt who separated... alone, then they were in Najd and Tihamah.

والسبت: برهة من الدهر؛ قال لبيد:

And as-sabt: is a period of time; Labīd said:

وأنشد الأصمعي: يصبح مخمورا، ويمسي سبتا أي مسبوتا.

And Al-Asma'i recited: He wakes up drunk, and goes to sleep sabt, meaning masbūt.

أصم أعمى، لا يجيب الرقى، ... من طول إطراق وإسبات

Deaf and blind, not responding to incantations, ... from prolonged stillness and isbāt.

وفي حديث عمرو بن مسعود، قال لمعاوية: ما تسأل عن شيخ نومه سبات، وليله هبات؟

And in the Hadith of Amr ibn Mas'ud, he said to Mu'awiyah: Why do you ask about an old man whose sleep is sabāt, and whose night is habāt?

ابن الأعرابي في قوله عز وجل: وجعلنا نومكم سباتا أي قطعا؛ والسبت: القطع، فكأنه إذا نام، فقد انقطع عن الناس.

Ibn Al-A'rabi regarding the Almighty's saying: 'And We made your sleep a sabātan,' meaning a cutting off; and as-sabt: is cutting off, so it is as if when he sleeps, he is cut off from people.

قال الزجاج: السبات أن ينقطع عن الحركة، والروح في بدنه، أي جعلنا نومكم راحة لكم.

Al-Zajjaj said: As-sabāt is to cease from movement, while the soul is in his body, meaning We made your sleep a rest for you.

وإنما سمي السابع من أيام الأسبوع سبتا، لأن الله تعالى ابتدأ الخلق فيه، وقطع فيه بعض خلق الأرض؛ ويقال: أمر فيه بنو إسرائيل بقطع الأعمال وتركها؛

The seventh day of the week is named as-sabt because God Almighty began creation on it, and ceased some of the earth's creation on it; and it is said: the Children of Israel were commanded on it to cease work and abandon it;

وقيل: سمي بذلك لأن اليهود كانوا ينقطعون فيه عن العمل والتصرف، والجمع أسبت وسبوت.

And it is said: it was named thus because the Jews used to cease work and transactions on it, and the plural is asbut and subūt.

وقد سبتوا يسبتون ويسبتون، وأسبتوا: دخلوا في السبت.

And they have sabtū, yasbitūn and yasbitūn, and asbatū: they entered into the Sabbath.

قال تعالى: وجعلنا الليل لباسا، والنوم سباتا ؛ قال: قطعا لأعمالكم.

God Almighty said: 'And We made the night a covering, and sleep a sabātan'; he said: a cutting off of your deeds.

قال: واتفق أهل العلم على أن الله تعالى ابتدأ الخلق يوم السبت، ولم يخلق يوم الجمعة سماء ولا أرضا.

He said: And the scholars agreed that God Almighty began creation on Saturday, and did not create heaven or earth on Friday.

وخلق آدم يوم الجمعة فيما بين العصر وغروب الشمس.

And He created Adam on Friday between the afternoon and sunset.

فما رأينا الشمس سبتا ؛ قيل: أراد أسبوعا من السبت إلى السبت، فأطلق عليه اسم اليوم، كما يقال: عشرون خريفا، ويراد عشرون سنة؛

So we did not see the sun for a sabt; it was said: he meant a week from Saturday to Saturday, so he used the name of the day for it, just as it is said: twenty autumns, meaning twenty years;

ولا تك سبتيا أي ممن يصوم السبت وحده.

And do not be a sabtiyy, meaning one who fasts Saturday alone.

وسبت علاوته: ضرب عنقه.

And sabt 'alāwatahu: means striking his neck.

والسبت: السير السريع؛ وأنشد لحميد بن ثور:

And as-sabt: is swift travel; and he recited for Humayd ibn Thawr:

ومطوية الأقراب، أما نهارها ... فسبت، وأما ليلها فزميل

And of folded flanks, as for its day... it is sabt, and as for its night, it is zamīl.

وسبتت الناقة تسبت سبتا، وهي سبوت.

And the she-camel moved swiftly, tasbut sabtan, and she is sabūt.

والسبت: سير فوق العنق؛ وقيل: هو ضرب من السير، وفي نسخة: سير الإبل؛ قال رؤبة:

And as-sabt: is a gait above the neck; and it was said: it is a type of gait, and in another version: the gait of camels; Ru'bah said:

يمشي بها ذو المرة السبوت، ... وهو من الأين حف نحيت

He walks with her, the one with the sabūt gait, ... and he is from the fatigue, worn out.

والسبت أيضا: السبق في العدو. وفرس سبت إذا كان جوادا، كثير العدو.

And as-sabt also: is winning in a race. And a sabt horse if it is generous, fast in running.

والسبت: الحلق، وفي الصحاح: حلق الرأس.

And as-sabt: is shaving, and in Al-Ṣiḥāḥ: shaving the head.

وسبت رأسه وشعره يسبته سبتا، وسلته، وسبده: حلقه؛ قال:

And he sabt his head and hair, yasbutuhu sabtan, and yasultuhu, and yasbuduhu: he shaved it; he said:

وسبده إذا أعفاه، وهو من الأضداد.

And yasbuduhu if he let it grow, and it is from the homonyms.

وسبت الشيء سبتا وسبته: قطعه، وخص به اللحياني الأعناق.

And he sabt the thing sabtan and yasbatuhu: he cut it, and Al-Laḥyānī specified it for necks.

وسبتت اللقمة حلقي وسبتته: قطعته، والتخفيف أكثر.

And the morsel sabtat my throat and sabtatuhu: it cut it, and the lightened form is more common.

والسبتداء من الأرض: كالصحراء، وقيل: أرض سبتاء، لا شجر فيها.

And as-sabtā' from the land: is like the desert, and it was said: sabtā' land, with no trees in it.

أبو زيد: السبتاء الصحراء، والجمع سباتي وسباتى.

Abu Zayd: As-sabtā' is the desert, and the plural is sabāti and sabātā.

وانسبتت الرطبة: جرى فيها كلها الإرطاب.

And the date insabattat: the softening ran through all of it.

وانسبت الرطب: عمه كله الإرطاب.

And the dates insabatt: the softening encompassed all of them.

ورطب منسبت عمه الإرطاب.

And a date that is munsaabit, the softening encompassed it.

وانسبتت الرطبة أي لانت.

And the date insabattat, meaning it softened.

ورطبة منسبتة أي لينة؛ وقال عنترة:

And a date that is munsaabittah, meaning soft; and 'Antarah said:

بطل كأن ثبابه في سرحة، ... يحذى نعال السبت، ليس بتوأم

A hero, as if his stature were in a tree, ... wearing sabt sandals, not a twin.

والسبت: إرسال الشعر عن العقص.

And as-sabt: letting the hair down from being braided.

والسبت والسبت: نبات شبه الخطمي، الأخيرة عن كراع؛ أنشد قطرب:

And as-sabt and as-sabt: a plant resembling mallow, the latter from Kura', Qutrub recited:

وأرض يحار بها المدلجون، ... ترى السبت فيها كركن الكثيب

And a land where travelers are bewildered, ... you see as-sabt in it like the corner of a dune.

والسبنتى والسبندى: الجريء المقدم من كل شيء، والياء للإلحاق لا للتأنيث، ألا ترى أن الهاء تلحقه والتنوين، ويقال: سبنتاة وسبنداة؟

And as-sabantā and as-sabandā: the bold, foremost of everything, and the 'ya' is for attachment, not for feminine, do you not see that the 'ha' and tanwin attach to it, and it is said: sabantāh and sabandāh?

قال ابن أحمر يصف رجلا: كأن الليل لا يغسو عليه، ... إذا زجر السبنتاة الأمونا

Ibn Ahmar said, describing a man: As if the night does not rest upon him, ... when he urges on the bold, trustworthy she-camel.

والسبنتى: النمر، ويشبه أن يكون سمي به لجرأته؛ وقيل: السبنتى الأسد، والأنثى بالهاء؛ قال الشماخ يرثي عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه:

And as-sabantā: the leopard, and it is likely named so for its boldness; and it was said: as-sabantā is the lion, and the feminine is with 'ha'; Al-Shammakh said, mourning Umar ibn Al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him:

وما كنت أخشى أن تكون وفاته ... بكفي سبنتى، أزرق العين، مطرق

And I did not expect that his death would be ... by the hand of a sabantā, blue-eyed, downcast.

وقيل: السبنتاة اللبؤة الجريئة؛ وقيل: الناقة الجريئة الصدر، وليس هذا الأخير بقوي، وجمعها سبانت، ومن العرب من يجمعها سباتى؛

And it was said: as-sabantāh is the bold lioness; and it was said: the camel with a bold chest, and this latter is not strong, and its plural is sabānt, and some Arabs pluralize it as sabātā;

ويقال للمرأة السليطة: سبنتاة؛ ويقال: هي سبنتاة في جلد حبنداة.

And a sharp-tongued woman is called: sabantāh; and it is said: she is sabantāh in the skin of a hubandāh.