صحب

Root entry · 28 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of companionship, association, and accompanying someone or something. It extends to notions of following, adhering to, and even protection or prevention in certain contexts. The derivations cover various aspects of being a companion, the act of accompanying, and states related to association.

Derived headwords

صَحِبَverb

1.
to accompanyboth
To be a companion to someone; to live with or associate with someone.
2.
to associate withboth
To keep company with someone, to be a friend or companion.

يَصْحَبُverb

1.
accompaniesboth
Present or future tense of accompanying someone or something.

صُحْبَةnoun

1.
companionshipboth
The state of being a companion; association or fellowship.
2.
companyclassical
A group of people who are together; a gathering.

صَحَابَةnoun

1.
companionshipboth
The state of being a companion; association or fellowship.
2.
companionsboth
A group of companions, especially referring to the companions of the Prophet Muhammad.

صَاحِبَverb

1.
to associate withboth
To keep company with someone; to be a friend or companion.
2.
to accompanyboth
To go along with someone.

الصُّحْبnoun

1.
companionsboth
A group of companions; plural of 'sahib'.

الصَّحَابnoun

1.
companionsboth
A group of companions; plural of 'sahib'.

الصَّاحِبnoun

1.
companionboth
One who keeps company with another; a friend or associate.

أَصْحَابnoun

1.
companionsboth
Plural of 'sahib'; a group of companions.

أَصَاحِيبnoun

1.
companionsclassical
Plural of 'sahib', an alternative form to 'ashab'.

صَحْبَانnoun

1.
companionsclassical
Plural of 'sahib', an alternative form.

صِحَابnoun

1.
companionsclassical
Plural of 'sahib', an alternative form.

صُحُبnoun

1.
companionsclassical
Plural of 'sahib', an alternative form.

صَحَابَةnoun

1.
companionsclassical
Plural of 'sahib', an alternative form.

صَوَاحِبnoun

1.
female companionsboth
Plural of 'sahiba', female companions.

صَوَاحِبَاتnoun

1.
female companionsclassical
Plural of 'sahiba', an alternative form.

مُصَاحِبnoun

1.
companionboth
One who accompanies or associates with another.
2.
obedientclassical
One who is obedient or compliant.

اصْطَحَبَverb

1.
to accompany each otherboth
Two or more people accompanying each other.
2.
to travel togetherboth
To journey or travel in company.

تَصَاحَبَverb

1.
to be companionsboth
To become companions to each other.

اسْتَصْحَبَverb

1.
to invite to companionshipclassical
To call someone to be a companion or associate.
2.
to keep withclassical
To keep something with oneself; to retain.
3.
to protectclassical
To guard or protect something.

أَصْحَبَverb

1.
to become like a companionclassical
To reach the age of one's son, becoming like him.
2.
to become associatedclassical
To become associated with someone or something.
3.
to become obedientclassical
To become obedient or submissive.
4.
to turn reddishclassical
Describing a donkey whose color turns reddish.

أَصْحَبَ (الماء)verb

1.
to be covered with algaeclassical
Water becoming covered with algae or moss.

أَصْحَبَ (البعير)verb

1.
to become obedientclassical
A camel or animal becoming obedient and yielding.

مُصْحَبadjective

1.
accompaniedboth
Having a companion or being accompanied.
2.
obedientclassical
Yielding and obedient.
3.
covered with algaeclassical
Water that has algae or moss on its surface.
4.
madclassical
A person who is considered mad or possessed.

تَصَحَّبَverb

1.
to feel shyclassical
To feel shy or embarrassed from sitting with someone.

صَاحnoun

1.
my companionclassical
A vocative form of 'sahibi', meaning 'O my companion'.

بَنُو صَحْبname

1.
Banu Sahbclassical
A tribal name, referring to two branches, one in Bahila and another in Kalb.

صَحْبَانname

1.
Sahbanclassical
A male given name.

Parallel reading

صحبه يصحبه صحبة، بالضم، وصحابة، بالفتح، وصاحبه: عاشره.

Sahaba, yas-habuhu, suhbah (with dammah), and sahaba (with fatha), and sahaba-hu: to associate with him.

والصحب: جمع الصاحب مثل راكب وركب.

And al-suhb: is the plural of al-sahib, like rakib and rukb.

والأصحاب: جماعة الصحب مثل فرخ وأفراخ.

And al-ashab: is the group of al-suhb, like farrukh and afrakh.

والصاحب: المعاشر؛ لا يتعدى تعدي الفعل، أعني أنك لا تقول: زيد صاحب عمرا، لأنهم إنما استعملوه استعمال الأسماء، نحو غلام زيد؛ ولو استعملوه استعمال الصفة لقالوا: زيد صاحب عمرا، أو زيد صاحب عمرو، على إرادة التنوين، كما تقول: زيد ضارب عمرا، وزيد ضارب عمرو؛ تريد بغير التنوين ما تريد بالتنوين؛

And al-sahib: is the associate; it does not transgress like a verb, meaning you do not say: Zayd is a companion of Amr, because they only used it in the sense of nouns, like ghulam Zayd; and if they used it in the sense of an adjective, they would say: Zayd is a companion of Amr, or Zayd is a companion of Amr, intending tanwin; as you say: Zayd is a striker of Amr, and Zayd is a striker of Amr; meaning by non-tanwin what you mean by tanwin;

والجمع أصحاب، وأصاحيب، وصحبان، مثل شاب وشبان، وصحاب مثل جائع وجياع، وصحب وصحابة وصحابة، حكاها جميعا الأخفش، وأكثر الناس على الكسر دون الهاء، وعلى الفتح معها، والكسر معها عن الفراء خاصة.

And the plural is ashab, asahib, suhban, like shabb and shubban, and sihab like ja'i' and jiya', and suhb, sahaba, and sahaba, all narrated by Al-Akhfash, and most people are on the kasrah without the ha', and on the fatha with it, and the kasrah with it is specifically from Al-Farra'.

وفي حديث قيلة: خرجت أبتغي الصحابة إلى رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم ؛ هو بالفتح جمع صاحب، ولم يجمع فاعل على فعالة إلا هذا؛

And in the hadith of Qaylah: I went out seeking companions to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him; it is with fatha, the plural of sahib, and fa'il is not pluralized as fa'alah except for this;

فكان تدانينا وعقد عذاره، ... وقال صحابي: قد شأونك، فاطلب

So our closeness and the tying of his reins... And my companion said: Your matter is important, so seek it.

والصحابة، بالفتح: الأصحاب، وهو في الأصل مصدر، وجمع الأصحاب أصاحيب.

And al-sahaba, with fatha: is al-ashab, and it is originally a masdar, and the plural of al-ashab is asahib.

وأما الصحبة والصحب فاسمان للجمع.

As for al-suhbah and al-suhb, they are two names for the plural.

ويقال: صاحب وأصحاب، كما يقال: شاهد وأشهاد، وناصر وأنصار.

And it is said: sahib and ashab, as it is said: shahid and ashhad, and nasir and ansar.

ومن قال: صاحب وصحبة، فهو كقولك فاره وفرهة، وغلام رائق، والجمع روقة؛ والصحبة مصدر قولك: صحب يصحب صحبة.

And whoever says: sahib and suhbah, it is like your saying farih and farhah, and ghulam ra'iq, and the plural is rawqah; and al-suhbah is the masdar of your saying: sahaba, yas-habu, suhbah.

وقالوا في النساء: هن صواحب يوسف.

And they said regarding women: They are the companions of Joseph.

وحكى الفارسي عن أبي الحسن: هن صواحبات يوسف، جمعوا صواحب جمع السلامة، كقوله: فهن يعلكن حدائداتها

And Al-Farisi narrated from Abu Al-Hasan: They are the companions of Joseph, they pluralized 'sawahib' as a sound feminine plural, like his saying: So they sharpen their iron tools.

والصحابة: مصدر قولك صاحبك الله وأحسن صحابتك.

And al-sahaba: is the masdar of your saying 'Allah accompanied you and made your companionship good'.

وتقول للرجل عند التوديع: معانا مصاحبا.

And you say to a man upon parting: Accompanying us.

ومن قال: معان مصاحب، فمعناه: أنت معان مصاحب.

And whoever says: mu'an musahib, its meaning is: You are mu'an, a companion.

ويقال: إنه لمصحاب لنا بما يحب؛ وقال الأعشى: فقد أراك لنا بالود مصحابا

And it is said: He is a good companion to us in what he loves; and Al-A'sha said: I have indeed seen you as a companion to us with affection.

وفلان صاحب صدق.

And so-and-so is a truthful companion.

واصطحب الرجلان، وتصاحبا، واصطحب القوم: صحب بعضهم بعضا؛ وأصله اصتحب، لأن تاء الافتعال تتغير عند الصاد مثل اصطحب، وعند الضاد مثل اضطرب، وعند الطاء مثل اطلب، وعند الظاء مثل اظلم، وعند الدال مثل ادعى، وعند الذال مثل اذخر، وعند الزاي مثل ازدجر، لأن التاء لان مخرجها فلم توافق هذه الحروف لشدة مخارجها، فأبدل منها ما يوافقها، لتخف على اللسان، ويعذب اللفظ به.

And the two men accompanied each other, and they became companions, and the people accompanied each other: some of them accompanied others; and its origin is istahaba, because the 'ta' of ifti'al changes with sad like istahaba, and with dad like idtaraba, and with ta like utlub, and with dha like idhlam, and with dal like idda'a, and with dhal like iddhakhara, and with zay like izdajra, because the 'ta' is soft in its articulation and does not match these letters due to the harshness of their articulation, so it is replaced with what matches it, to be light on the tongue, and the pronunciation pleasant.

وحمار أصحب أي أصحر يضرب لونه إلى الحمرة.

And an ashab donkey, meaning it is desert-like, its color tending towards redness.

وأصحب: صار ذا صاحب وكان ذا أصحاب.

And ashaba: to become possessed of a companion and to have had companions.

وأصحب: بلغ ابنه مبلغ الرجال، فصار مثله، فكأنه صاحبه.

And ashaba: to reach the age of one's son, becoming like him, as if he were his companion.

واستصحب الرجل: دعاه إلى الصحبة؛ وكل ما لازم شيئا فقد استصحبه؛ قال: إن لك الفضل على صحبتي، ... والمسك قد يستصحب الرامكا

And istas-haba the man: to invite him to companionship; and whatever accompanies something, it has been istas-habah; he said: You have favor over my companionship, ... And musk may accompany the ramak.

وأصحبته الشيء: جعلته له صاحبا، واستصحبته الكتاب وغيره.

And ashabtuhu the thing: I made it a companion for him, and I kept the book and other things with me.

وأصحب الرجل واصطحبه: حفظه.

And ashaba the man and istas-habahu: to protect him.

وفي الحديث: اللهم اصحبنا بصحبة واقلبنا بذمة ؛ أي احفظنا بحفظك في سفرنا، وأرجعنا بأمانتك وعهدك إلى بلدنا.

And in the hadith: O Allah, accompany us with companionship and return us with protection; meaning, protect us with Your protection on our journey, and return us with Your trust and covenant to our land.

ولا هم منا يصحبون ؛ قال: يعني الآلهة لا تمنع أنفسنا، ولا هم منا يصحبون : يجارون أي الكفار؛ ألا ترى أن العرب تقول: أنا جار لك؛ ومعناه: أجيرك وأمنعك.

And they will not be protected by us; he said: meaning the idols do not protect themselves, and they will not be protected by us: they will be given refuge, meaning the disbelievers; do you not see that the Arabs say: I am your neighbor; and its meaning is: I will shelter you and protect you.

فقال: يصحبون بالإجارة.

So he said: They are given refuge through protection.

وقال قتادة: لا يصحبون من الله بخير؛

And Qatadah said: They will not be protected by Allah with good;

وقال أبو عثمان المازني: أصحبت الرجل أي منعته؛ وأنشد قول الهذلي: يرعى بروض الحزن، من أبه، ... قربانه، في عابه، يصحب يصحب: يمنع ويحفظ وهو من قوله تعالى: ولا هم منا يصحبون أي يمنعون.

And Abu Uthman Al-Mazini said: As-habtu the man, meaning I prevented him; and he recited the saying of Al-Hudhali: He grazes in the meadows of sorrow, from his pasture, ... his offering, in his defect, yas-habu yas-habu: he prevents and protects, and it is from His saying, the Almighty: And they will not be protected by us, meaning they are prevented.

وقال غيره: هو من قوله صحبك الله أي حفظك وكان لك جارا؛ وقال: جاري ومولاي لا يزني حريمهما، ... وصاحبي من دواعي السوء مصطحب

And others said: It is from His saying 'Allah accompanied you', meaning He protected you and was your neighbor; and he said: My neighbor and my master, their women do not commit adultery, ... And my companion is from the prompts of evil, accompanied.

وأصحب البعير والدابة: انقادا. ومنهم من عم فقال: وأصحب ذل وانقاد من بعد صعوبة؛ قال امرؤ القيس: ولست بذي رثية إمر، ... إذا قيد مستكرها أصحبا

And ashaba the camel and the animal: they became obedient. And some of them generalized and said: And ashaba means to be humbled and obedient after difficulty; Imru' al-Qays said: And you are not one who is commanded by anyone, ... if he is restrained unwillingly, he becomes obedient.

وفي الحديث: فأصحبت الناقة أي انقادت، واسترسلت، وتبعت صاحبها.

And in the hadith: So the she-camel became obedient, meaning she yielded, became tractable, and followed her owner.

قال أبو عبيد: صحبت الرجل من الصحبة، وأصحبت أي انقدت له؛ وأنشد: توالى بربعي السقاب، فأصحبا

Abu Ubaid said: Suhba the man is from companionship, and ashabtu means I yielded to him; and he recited: The saggab followed in my quarter, so he became obedient.

والمصحب المستقيم الذاهب لا يتلبث؛ وقوله أنشده ابن الأعرابي: يا ابن شهاب، لست لي بصاحب، ... مع المماري ومع المصاحب فسره فقال: المماري المخالف، والمصاحب المنقاد، من الإصحاب.

And al-musahib is the straight-going one who does not linger; and his saying that Ibn Al-A'rabi recited: O Ibn Shihab, you are not a companion to me, ... with the مخالف and with the obedient, he explained it as: Al-mumari is the مخالف, and al-musahib is the obedient, from ishab.

وأصحب الماء: علاه الطحلب والعرمض، فهو ماء مصحب.

And ashaba the water: algae and moss covered it, so it is musahhab water.

وأديم مصحب عليه صوفه أو شعره أو وبره، وقد أصحبته: تركت ذلك عليه.

And a tanned hide that is musahhab, with its wool, hair, or fur on it, and you have musahhabtuhu: you left that on it.

وقربة مصحبة: بقي فيها من صوفها شيء ولم تعطنه.

And a musahhab waterskin: some of its wool remained in it and it was not soaked.

والحميت: ما ليس عليه شعر. ورجل مصحب: مجنون.

And al-hamit: is what has no hair on it. And a musahhab man: is mad.

وصحب المذبوح: سلخه في بعض اللغات.

And sahaba the slaughtered animal: to skin it in some dialects.

وتصحب من مجالستنا: استحيا. وقال ابن برزح «2» إنه يتصحب من مجالستنا أي يستحيي منها.

And tasahhaba from our sitting: he felt shy. And Ibn Barzah said: he tasahhaba from our sitting, meaning he felt shy from it.

وإذا قيل: فلان يتسحب علينا، بالسين، فمعناه: أنه يتمادح ويتدلل.

And if it is said: So-and-so is tasahhab upon us, with a sin, its meaning is: he praises himself and acts spoiled.

وقولهم في النداء: يا صاح، معناه يا صاحبي؛ ولا يجوز ترخيم المضاف إلا في هذا وحده، سمع من العرب مرخما.

And their saying in calling: Ya sah, means Ya Sahibi; and it is not permissible to shorten a possessive except in this case alone, it is heard from the Arabs shortened.

وبنو صحب: بطنان، واحد في باهلة، وآخر في كلب.

And Banu Sahb: two branches, one in Bahila, and another in Kalb.

وصحبان: اسم رجل.

And Sahban: is the name of a man.