حسب

Root entry · 24 derived lemmas

The root حسب (ḥ-s-b) primarily relates to estimation, calculation, and consideration. It extends to concepts of sufficiency, provision, reward, and even divine punishment or affliction. The root encompasses both the act of counting and the state of being counted or considered, as well as the idea of expecting or seeking reward.

Derived headwords

حَسِبَ يَحْسَبُverb

1.
to think, to supposeboth
To hold an opinion or belief about something, often without certainty.
2.
to calculate, to countboth
To determine a number or amount, or to consider something as part of a total.

حسبت أحسب، أي ظننت — I thought, I supposed, meaning I reckoned.

لا تحسبن* ولا تحسبن — Do not think (imperative, dual feminine)

أم حسبت أن أصحاب الكهف — Or did you think that the companions of the cave

حِسَابnoun

1.
calculation, accountingboth
The process or result of counting, reckoning, or computing.
2.
sufficient amountclassical
That which is enough or adequate for a purpose; sufficiency.
3.
reckoning, judgmentclassical
The act of being held accountable or judged.

وإنما سمي الحساب في المعاملات حسابا، لأنه يعلم به ما فيه كفاية — And accounting in transactions is called 'hisab' because it ascertains what is sufficient.

الشمس والقمر بحسبان — The sun and the moon run on a calculated course.

حَسَبnoun

1.
lineage, nobilityclassical
Nobility, high social standing, or ancestry.
2.
sufficiency, enoughclassical
That which is sufficient or adequate.

ولم يعظم حسبك — and your lineage did not make you great.

مَحْسُوبadjective

1.
counted, calculatedboth
Considered or included in a count or calculation.
2.
sufficientclassical
Adequate or enough.

والمعدود محسوب وحسب أيضا — And the counted is 'maḥsūb' and also 'ḥasab'.

بِحَسَبprepositional phrase

1.
according to, based onboth
In accordance with, or in proportion to something.

ليكن عملك بحسب ذلك — Let your work be according to that.

حَاسَبَ يُحَاسِبُverb

1.
to hold accountable, to reckon withboth
To call someone to account for their actions or deeds.
2.
to settle accountsboth
To balance financial records or debts.

حاسبه: من المحاسبة — To hold accountable: from the act of accounting.

مُحَاسَبَةnoun

1.
accountability, reckoningboth
The act of being held accountable or the process of settling accounts.

حاسبه: من المحاسبة — To hold accountable: from the act of accounting.

حَاسِبadjective

1.
accountantclassical
One who calculates or keeps accounts.

ورجل حاسب من قوم حسب وحساب — And a man 'ḥāsb' from a people of 'ḥasab' and 'ḥisāb'.

حِسْبَةnoun

1.
seeking reward from Godboth
The act of performing a deed with the intention of earning divine reward.
2.
reward (from God)classical
The recompense or reward obtained from God for good deeds or patience.

فعلته حسبة — I did it seeking reward from God.

والاسم: الحسبة بالكسر، وهو الأجر — And the noun is 'al-ḥisbah' (with kasra), which is the reward.

احْتِسَابnoun

1.
seeking rewardboth
The act of seeking divine reward for one's actions or for enduring hardship.
2.
consideration, countingclassical
The act of counting or considering something, especially as a basis for reward.

احتسب فيه احتسابا — He sought reward for it.

والاحتساب: طلب الأجر — And 'al-iḥtisāb' is seeking the reward.

احْتَسَبَverb

1.
to seek rewardboth
To perform an action with the intention of receiving divine reward.
2.
to endure patientlyboth
To bear hardship or loss with patience, expecting divine recompense.
3.
to consider, to countclassical
To count or reckon something, often in the context of seeking reward.
4.
to test, to examineclassical
To test or examine someone or something.

احتسب فلان ابنا له أو ابنة له إذا مات وهو كبير — So-and-so 'iḥtasaba' a son or daughter if they died while grown.

من مات له ولد فاحتسبه — Whoever has a child die and 'iḥtasaba' it (seeks reward for it).

احتسبت فلانا: اختبرت ما عنده — I 'iḥtasabtu' so-and-so: I tested what he had.

حُسْبَانnoun

1.
punishment, afflictionclassical
A divine punishment, affliction, or calamity sent from the sky.
2.
small arrowsclassical
Small arrows shot from Persian bows, or similar projectiles.
3.
calculating, reckoningclassical
The act of calculating or reckoning.

لا تجعلها حسبانا أي عذابا — Do not make it 'ḥusbān' (punishment).

ويرسل عليها حسبانا من السماء — And sends upon it 'ḥusbān' (punishment/projectiles) from the sky.

الشمس والقمر بحسبان — The sun and the moon run on a calculated course.

مَحْسَبَةnoun

1.
cushion, pillowclassical
A small cushion or pillow, especially one made of leather.
2.
source, originclassical
A source or origin, used metaphorically.

ومحسبة: مصدر نادر — And 'maḥsabah': a rare masdar.

ولثويت غير محسب — Or you would have remained, unhonored, not having a pillow.

حَسَبَانَةnoun

1.
small arrowclassical
A single small arrow shot from a bow.
2.
thunderbolt, lightningclassical
A bolt of lightning or a thunderbolt.
3.
cloudclassical
A cloud, especially one that brings rain or hail.
4.
small pillowclassical
A small pillow or cushion.

واحدتها حسبانة — Its singular is 'ḥusbānah'.

أَحْسَبَverb

1.
to become white and redclassical
Describing skin or hair that has become mottled with white and red patches, often due to disease.
2.
to make a camel mottledclassical
To cause a camel to have mottled coloration.

أحسبه بالكسر، وهو شاذ — 'Aḥsbahu' (with kasra), and it is irregular.

أَحْسَبadjective

1.
mottled (skin/hair)classical
Having skin or hair with patches of white and red, or white and dark colors.
2.
leprousclassical
Suffering from leprosy or a similar skin condition.

والأحسب: الأبرص — And 'al-aḥsab': the leprous.

إِحْسَابnoun

1.
burying the deadclassical
The act of burying a deceased person.
2.
shrouding the deadclassical
The act of wrapping a deceased person in a shroud.

والحسب والتحسيب: دفن الميت — And 'al-ḥasb' and 'al-taḥsīb': burying the dead.

تَحَسَّبَverb

1.
to inquire, to investigateclassical
To seek information about something, to investigate or scout.
2.
to await, to anticipateclassical
To wait for or anticipate the time of something.

تحسب الخبر: استخبر عنه — To 'taḥassaba' the news: to inquire about it.

أنهم كانوا يجتمعون فيتحسبون الصلاة — That they used to gather and 'yataḥassabūna' the prayer (await its time).

مُحْتَسِبnoun

1.
one who seeks rewardclassical
A person who performs good deeds or endures hardship seeking divine reward.
2.
market inspectorclassical
An official responsible for overseeing markets and ensuring fair practices (a later development of the meaning).

وفلان محتسب البلد — And so-and-so is the 'muḥtasib' of the town.

حَسِيبadjective

1.
sufficientclassical
Enough or adequate.
2.
esteemed, nobleclassical
Having high status or nobility.

حسيبك الله — May God suffice you (as an avenger).

حَسَبِيadjective

1.
sufficient for meboth
That which is enough or sufficient for me.

حسبي الله ونعم الوكيل — God is sufficient for me, and He is the best disposer of affairs.

حُسْبَانِيّadjective

1.
related to calculationclassical
Pertaining to calculation, reckoning, or astronomical tables.

حَسَبَverb

1.
to make someone sitclassical
To cause someone to sit, especially on a cushion.

حسبته إذا وسدته — 'Ḥasabtuhu' if you pillow him.

حَسَبَةnoun

1.
small pillowclassical
A small pillow or cushion.

Parallel reading

ويرزقه من حيث لا يحتسب

And He provides for him from where he does not expect.

من حسبت أحسب، أي ظننت

From 'ḥasibtu aḥsab', meaning I supposed.

وإنما سمي الحساب في المعاملات حسابا، لأنه يعلم به ما فيه كفاية

And accounting in transactions is called 'hisab' because it ascertains what is sufficient.

إذا نديت أقرابه لا يحاسب

If you call out to his relatives, he does not hold back (or, he does not count/reckon).

والمعدود محسوب وحسب أيضا

And the counted is 'maḥsūb' and also 'ḥasab'.

ليكن عملك بحسب ذلك

Let your work be according to that.

ما أدري ما حسب حديثك

I do not know the measure of your talk.

ورجل حاسب من قوم حسب وحساب

And a man 'ḥāsb' from a people of 'ḥasab' and 'ḥisāb'.

فعلته حسبة

I did it seeking reward from God.

والاحتساب: طلب الأجر

And 'al-iḥtisāb' is seeking the reward.

من مات له ولد فاحتسبه

Whoever has a child die and seeks reward for it (endures patiently).

من صام رمضان إيمانا واحتسابا

Whoever fasts Ramadan out of faith and seeking reward.

احتسبوا أعمالكم، فإن من احتسب عمله، كتب له أجر عمله وأجر حسبته

Count your deeds, for whoever counts his deed, his deed's reward and his 'ḥisbah's' reward are written for him.

حسب الشيء كائنا يحسبه ويحسبه

He considers a thing to be so, he supposes it and reckons it.

لا تحسبن* ولا تحسبن

Do not think (imperative, dual feminine).

أم حسبت أن أصحاب الكهف

Or did you think that the companions of the cave

يحسب أن ماله أخلده

He thinks that his wealth will make him immortal.

حسيبك الله

May God suffice you (as an avenger).

لا تجعلها حسبانا أي عذابا

Do not make it 'ḥusbān' (punishment).

ويرسل عليها حسبانا من السماء

And sends upon it 'ḥusbān' (punishment/projectiles) from the sky.

الشمس والقمر بحسبان

The sun and the moon run on a calculated course.

ولثويت غير محسب

Or you would have remained, unhonored, not having a pillow.

هذا ما اشترى طلحة من فلان فتاه بخمسمائة درهم بالحسب والطيب

This is what Talhah bought from so-and-so his slave for five hundred dirhams with honor and good will.

ما حسبوا ضيفهم شيئا

They did not honor their guest at all.

والأحسب: الأبرص

And 'al-aḥsab': the leprous.

غداة ثوى في الرمل، غير محسب

The day he lay in the sand, unburied.

وإنه لحسن الحسبة في الأمر

And indeed, he is good at managing affairs.

تحسب هواس، وأيقن أنني بها مفتد من واحد لا أغامره

He investigated the lion, and was certain that I would ransom her from one whom I would not risk.

احتسبت فلانا: اختبرت ما عنده

I tested so-and-so: I examined what he had.

ذهب فلان يتحسب الأخبار

So-and-so went to seek out news.

أنهم كانوا يجتمعون فيتحسبون الصلاة

That they used to gather and await the prayer time.

أنهم كانوا يتحسبون الأخبار

That they used to seek out news.

احتسب فلان على فلان: أنكر عليه قبيح عمله

So-and-so 'iḥtasaba' against so-and-so: he disapproved of his bad deed.