Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

1 كَهَدَ ذ , (S, K,) aor. كَهِدَ , inf. n. كَهْدٌ (K) and كَهَدَانٌ, (S, K,) He was quick; made haste; (L, K;) in his pace: (L:) he (an ass) ran; syn. عَدَا. (S, L.) ― -b2- كَهَدَ and ↓ اكهد He was quick in service. (TA.) ― -b3- كَهَدَ He was importunate, persevering, or urgent, in petitioning, or seeking, or desiring. (K.) ― -b4- كَهَدَ and ↓ اكهد He was, or became, fatigued, tired, or weary. (K.) ― -b5- كَهَدَ and ↓ اكهد He became jaded, harassed, or fatigued, by labour, or toil: as also كَدَهَ and أَكْدَهَ. (L.) ― -b6- كَهَدْتُهُ (so in the copies of the K; but differently in the S: [see 4:] TA I made him to be quick, or to hasten. (K.)

4 أَكْهَدْتُهُ ذ I made him (an ass) to run. (S, L.) See also 1. ― -b2- اكهد He fatigued, tired, or wearied, (L, K,) his companion. (L.)

Q. Q. 4 اـِكْوَهَدَّ ذ It (a young bird) trembled, or fluttered, before its mother, that she might feed it: (S, L:) and he (an old man) trembled: (L:) i. q. اـِقْمَهَدَّ. (K.)

كَهْدٌ ذ Distress; trouble; fatigue; weariness; i. q. جَهْدٌ. (TA.) You say أَصَابَهُ جَهْدٌ وَكَهْدٌ [ Distress, &c., befell him ]. (L, K.)

كَهْدَاآءُ ذ A female slave: (K:) so called because of her quickness in service. (TA.)

كَهُودُ اليَدَيْنِ ذ A she-ass quick in the fore legs. (L, K.)

كَاهِدٌ ذ and ↓ مُكْهَدٌ Fatigued; tired; weary. (L.)

كَوْهَدٌ ذ One who trembles by reason of old age. (K.)

مُكْهَدٌ ذ : see كَاهِدٌ.

كَهْدَبٌ ذ A heavy, or dull, man: syn. ثَقِيلٌ وَخْمٌ. (K.)

1 كَهَرَهُ ذ , aor. كَهَرَ , inf. n. كَهْرٌ, He chid him with rough speech, (S, Mgh, K,) to show him contempt. (TA.) ― -b2- He reviled him. (Az, TA.) ― -b3- He encountered him with a frowning face, (K,) to show him contempt: (TA:) or he frowned at him. (TA.) ― -b4- He oppressed him; i. q. قَهَرَهُ. (S, K.) So in the Kur, [xciii. 9,] فَأَمَّا ا@لْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تكْهَرْ [ Therefore, as to the orphan, thou shalt not oppress him]; accord. to the reading of Ibn-Mes'ood. (Ks, S.) Yaakoob says, that the ك in كَهَرَهُ is a substitute for the ق in قَهَرَهُ. (TA.)

كَهْرَبٌ ذ and كَهْرَبَا [or كَهْرُبَا] A well-known yellow substance; [ yellow amber ]: from the Persian كَاهُ رُبَا, i. e., “ carrying off straw, ” [on account of its electric attraction]. (TA.) See De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., iii. 468: and see حَوَرٌ.

See Supplement

كَهْكَبٌ ذ and كَهْكَمٌ i. q. بَاذِنْجَانٌ [The eggplant, or melongena ]. (IAar, T, K.) Mentioned in the T in art. كهكم; whence it seems that the ب is a substitute for م. (TA.)

See Supplement

1 كَابَ ذ , aor. يَكُوبُ; and ↓ اكتاب; He drank with a كُوب, the kind of mug or cup so called. (IAar, K.)

2 كوّب ذ , inf. n. يَكْوِيبٌ, He pounded, or brayed, a thing with a فِهْر [or كُوبَة, q. v.] (K.)

8 اـِكْتَوَبَ see 1.

كُوبٌ ذ A mug, or drinking-cup, (كُوزٌ,) without a handle: (Fr, S, K:) or one ( with a round top, TA,) that has no spout: (K:) or a vessel, (Bd in lvi. 18,) or drinking-cup, (Jel. ibid.) having neither handle nor spout: (Bd, Jel. ibid.:) pl. أَكْوَابٌ. (S, K.)

كَوَبٌ ذ Slenderness of the neck with bigness of the head. (L, K.)

كَوْبَةٌ ذ A sighing, or grief, or regret, for something that has past, or escaped one. (K.) Probably formed from the mahmooz word [كَأْبَةٌ]. (TA.) [Perhaps an inf. n.]

كُوبَةٌ ذ , occurring in a trad., in which it is forbidden, (TA,) The game called نَرْد; (K;) an appellation given to that game by the people of El-Yemen: (A 'Obeyd, on the authority of Mohammad Ibn-Ketheer; and IAth) or that called شِطْرَنْج: (K:) or a small drum, slender in the middle: (S, K:) accord. to some, (TA,) the musical instrument called بَرْبَط; (K;) as occurring in a trad. of 'Alee, in which a command is given to break the thing thus called. (TA.) ― -b2- Also, i. q. فِهْرٌ; (K;) i. e., A small stone, such as fills the hand. (TA.)

كُوتِىٌّ ذ Short: (K:) or a short and deformed or ill-shapen man. (So in a marginal note in two copies of the S.)

2 كوّث ذ , inf. n. تَكْوِيثٌ, It (growing corn or the like) became composed of four leaves, and of five. (En-Nadr, K.) -A2- كوّث بِغَائِطِهِ, inf. n. تَكْوِيثٌ, He voided his excrement [ in form ] resembling the heads of hares, or rabbits. (K.)

كَاثٌ ذ i. q. كَاثٌّ, [q. v. in art. كث]. (K.)

كَوْثٌ ذ A قَفْش, or kind of short boot: (AM, K:) app. an arabicized word. (AM, L.)

كَوْثَةٌ ذ What is composed of four leaves, and of five: referring to growing corn and the like: n. un. of كَوْثٌ. (TA.) -A2- كَوْثَةٌ, or ↓ كُوثَةٌ, [as in different copies of the K, the latter being the reading in the TA, which mentions كويثة as another reading,] Abundance of herbage, or of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; plenty; fruitfulness. (K.)

كُوْثَةٌ ذ : see كَوْثَةٌ.

كُوِثِىٌّ ذ Short: like كُوتِىٌّ [q. v.]. (T.)

1 كَاحَهُ ذ , [aor. يَكُوحُ,] inf. n. كَوْحٌ; and ↓ كوّحهُ, and ↓ اكاحهُ, and ↓ كاوحهُ; He fought with him and overcame him: (K:) so Az, explains كاوحهُ, inf. n. مُكَاوَحَةٌ: or, accord. to the M, ↓ كاوحهُ signifies he fought with him; and كاحه, he overcame him; (TA;) and ↓ كوّحهُ, inf. n. تَكْوِيحٌ, also has this last signification; (IAar, S, TA;) and so ↓ اكاحهُ, inf. n. اـِكَاحَةٌ. (IAar, TA.)

2 كَوَّحَ See 1. ― -b2- Also كوّحهُ, (inf. n. تَكْوِيحٌ, TA,) He abased him; rendered him abject; syn. أَذَلَّهُ. (K.) ― -b3- It (the nose-rein) rendered him (a camel) submissive, or tractable. (TA.)

3 كَاْوَحَ See 1. ― -b2- Also كاوحهُ He reviled him, or vilified him, mutually; and treated him in an open manner (S, K) with opposition or altercation. (TA.)

4 اكاحهُ ذ He destroyed him. (T, in this art; and K in art. كيح.) See 1.

6 تَكَاوَحَا ذ They two laboured, or strove, each with the other, to do evil, or mischief. (S, K.)

كَاحٌ ذ and ↓ كِيحٌ The foot, or base, (عُرْض,) of a mountain: (S, K:) [or] its face, or part facing the spectator, above its foot, or base; syn. سَنَدُ جَبَلٍ: (S:) or its foot, or base, (عرض) and most rugged part: or its سَفْح [i. q. عُرْض]; and the foot, or base, of its face; syn. سَفْحُ سَنَدِهِ: or كِيحٌ signifies the side (نَاحِيَة) of a mountain: and any rugged face of a mountain, above its foot, or base: and in some cases, the side of a valley, when it is rugged, but not unless consisting of the hardest and roughest of stones: (As, TA:) pl. of كَاحٌ, أَكْوَاحٌ; (M;) and (of ↓ كِيحٌ, TA,) أَكْيَاحٌ and كْيُوحٌ (K) and كِيَحَةٌ. (As, T.) ― -b2- أَكْيَحُ ↓ كِيحٌ A rough or rugged [ foot, or base, or face above the foot or base, &c., of a mountain ]; an expression similar to يَوْمٌ أَيْوَمُ; (K, art. كيح;) the latter word being a corroborative; for the سَنَد of a mountain is called كيح only because of its ruggedness and roughness. (TA.)

كيحٌ ذ : see كَاحٌ.

كَاخٌ ذ : see كُوخٌ.

كُوخٌ ذ , (S, L, K,) a Persian word, (L,) and ↓ كَاخٌ, (K,) A house [or hut ] with a gibbous roof: (L, TA:) a house [or hut ] of reeds or canes, ( with a gibbous roof, K,) without an aperture for the admission of light: (S, L, K:) any place which a husbandman or a gardener prepares in which to guard his growing corn or his garden: and the people of Marw give the name of ↓ كاخ to a pavilion (قَصْر) made in a garden or other place: (L:) pl. أَكْوَاخٌ (S, K) and كُوخَانٌ and كِيخَانٌ and كِوَخَةٌ: (K, TA:) [the last, in the CK, written كُوَخَةٌ].

1 كَادَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا ذ , (S, K, * &c,) [originally كَوِدَ,] first pers. كِدْتُ, accord. to the usage of most of the Arabs, (IKtt,) aor. يَكَادُ, (S, K, &c.,) the form used by all the Arabs, (IKtt.) or يَكُودُ [is also used, by some of those who make the pret. to be originally كَوُدَ], (Lth,) inf. n. كَوْدٌ (Lth, S, M, K, &c) and كَادٌ (M, IKtt) and مَكَادَةٌ (Lth, S, M, K, &c.) and مَكَادٌ; (Lth, M, K;) and كَادَ, originally كَوُدَ, deviating from constant rule, (MF,) first pers. كُدْتُ, (S, IKtt, MF,) in the dial. of the Benoo-'Adee, (MF,) mentioned by Sb as heard from some of the Arabs, (S,) aor. يَكَادُ, (IKtt,) deviating from constant rule, (MF,) [and يَكُودُ, mentioned above, agreeably with rule;] as also كَادَ, (Msb, K, art. كيد,) originally كَيِدَ, first pers. كِدْتُ, aor. يَكَادُ, (Msb, art. كيد,) inf. n. كَيْدٌ; (L, art. كيد;) and كِيدَ, (S, K, &c.,) a form mentioned by Abu-l-Khattáb to Sb, as used by some of the Arabs, who in like manner said مَا زِيلَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا, for كَادَ and زَالَ; (S;) He was near to doing so; he nearly, well nigh, or almost, did so; he wanted but little of doing so; (Akh, S, M, K, &c.;) he purposed, or intended, doing so; (Lth, M, IKtt;) but did it not, [or did it not immediately ]. (Akh, S, K, &c.) كَادَ is applied to signify the being near to doing a thing whether it be [afterwards] done or not done. (S.) Without a negative, it enunciates the negation of the action; and coupled with a negative, it enunciates the happening of the action. (S, K.) [This will be explained in the course of the following observations.] It is (as Es-Suyootee says in the Itkán) an incomplete [i. e. a non-attributive] verb, of which only the pret. and aor. are used. It has a noun as the subject, in the nom. case; and an aor., [generally] without أَنْ, as the predicate. (TA.) Sometimes they introduce أَنْ after it, likening it to عَسَى; as, for ex., in the saying of Ru-beh, قَدْ كَادَ مِنْ طُولِ البِلَى أَنْ يَمْصَحَا [ It had nearly come to nought from length of wear ]. (S.) Used affirmatively, it is affirmative of the being near [to doing a thing, &c.]; and used negatively, it is negative thereof. It is a well-known opinion of many, that, used affirmatively, it is negative; and used negatively, it is affirmative: so that كَادَ زَيْدٌ يَفْعَلُ means [ Zeyd was near to doing; but ] he did not [or did not immediately ]; as is shown by the expression [in the Kur xvii. 75, where اـِنْ is a contraction of اـِنَّ,] وَاـِنْ كَادُوا لَيَفْتِنُونَكَ [ And verily they were near to seducing thee ]: and مَا كَادَ يَفْعَلُ means [ He was not near to doing; but ] he did; as is shown by the expression [in the Kur ii. 66,] وَمَا كَادُوا يَفْعَلُونَ [ And they were not near to doing ( it ); but they afterwards did ( it )]. I'Ab is related to have said, that wherever كَادَ and أَكَادُ and يَكَادُ occur in the Kur-án, they denote a thing's never happening. Some say, that كَادَ [with a negative] denotes an action's happening with difficulty. Some, again, say, that the pret. preceded by a negative is affirmative [of the action &c.]; as is shown by the expression وَمَا كَادُوا يَفْعَلُونَ [quoted above]: and that the aor. preceded by a negative is negative; as is shown by the expression [in the Kur xxiv, 40,] لَمْ يَكَدْ يَرَاهَا [ He is not near to seeing it ]; meaning that he sees not anything: [though this phrase is said to bear a different meaning, which see below]. But the correct opinion is the one first mentioned; that, used affirmatively, it is affirmative [of the being near to do a thing &c.]; and used negatively, it is negative [thereof]: so that كَادَ يَفْعَلُ signifies He was near to doing; but did not [or did not immediately ]: and مَا كَادَ يَفْعَلُ He was not near to doing; much less did he do [or do immediately ]; the denial of the action [or of the immediate performance of the action] being necessarily understood from the denial of the being near to do it. As to the expression in the Kur, وَمَا كَادُوا يَفْعَلُونَ [quoted above], it enunciates the state of the people to whom it relates in the beginning of their case; for they were far from sacrificing the cow; and the affirmation of the action is understood only from the [preceding] expression فَذَبَحُوهَا. And as to the expression [in the Kur xvii. 76,] لَقَدْ كِدتَّ تَرْكَنُ اـِلَيْهِمْ [ Thou hadst certainly been near to inclining to them ], the Prophet's not inclining to them little or much is understood from لَوْلَا [preceding], which requires this inference. (TA.) [Often, however, or (as some say) generally, with a negative preceding or following it, it is affirmative of the action's happening, but only after difficulty, or delay.] Aboo-Bekr says, that مَا كَادَ فُلَانٌ يَقُومُ means [ Such a one hardly, or scarcely, or tardily, rose; like لَمْ يَكَدْ يَقُومُ, and كَادَ لَا يَقُومُ; وَقَدْ قَامَ being understood; or] he rose after being slow, or tardy: (L:) and accord. to Az and others, مَا كِدْتُ أَفْعَلُ means [ I hardly, or scarcely, or tardily, did; or] I did after being slow, or tardy: but sometimes it means I was not near to doing. (Msb, art. كيد.) It is said, that كَادَ is sometimes a [mere redundant] connective (صِلَة) of the members of a sentence; (Kutr, Akh, AHát, K;) as in لَمْ يَكَدْ يَرَاهَا [quoted above], meaning, He does not see it: (K:) or this means he is not near to seeing it: or, as some say, he sees it after his having been not near to seeing it by reason of the intenseness of the darkness: [or he hardly, or scarcely, or tardily, sees it: ] and Fr says, with reference to the verse in which this phrase occurs, that it is allowable to say لَمْ يَكَدْ يَقُومُ [meaning, He hardly, or scarcely, or tardily, rose ] when one has risen after difficulty. (TA.) [Thus it appears, that, مَا كَادَ يَفْعَلُ and لَمْ يَكَدْ يَفْعَلُ sometimes signify He hardly, or scarcely, or tardily, did: and sometimes, he was not near to doing; he never did; he did not at all: so that it may be rendered he hardly or scarcely, or [...]

2 كوّذ ذ , inf. n. تَكْوِيذٌ, It (an اـِزَار [or a wrapper for the lower part of the body and the thighs]) reached to the part called the كَاذَة (L, K) only. (L.) ― -b2- He (a man in the act of concubitus) thrust against the sides of the pubes. (K.) ― -b3- He beat or struck, with a staff, or stick, upon the posteriors, (K,) between the thigh and the hip. (TA.)

كَاذَةٌ ذ What surrounds the vulva, of the exterior of the two thighs: (L, K:) or the portion of flesh of the inner side of the thigh; the two together are called the كَاذَتَانِ: (As, L:) or the flesh of the hinder part of the thigh: (L, K:) or the part of the thigh which is the place that is cauterized in the hinder part of the thigh of the ass; so in a man &c.: (L:) or the كَاذَتَانِ are two compact portions of flesh in the upper part of each thigh of an ass, the place that is cauterized, between the thigh and the haunch: (T, L:) or the flesh of the outer sides of the two thighs, below the جَاعِرَتَانِ; (AHeyth, T, L;) and this is the correct signification: (T, L:) or the prominent flesh in the upper parts of the thigh: (S, L:) pl. كَاذَاتٌ and [quasi-pl., or coll. gen. n.,] كَاذٌ. (L.)

مُكَوِّذٌ ذ An اـزَار [or a wrapper for the lower part of the body and the thighs] reaching to the part called the كَاذَة (L, K) only; or, to the كَاذَتَانِ, when it is put on. (L.)

1 كَارَ العِمَامَةَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ذ , (S, A, Msb, *) aor. يَكُورُ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. كَوْرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) He wound round the turban upon his head; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ كوّرها, inf. n. تَكْوِيرٌ: (S, A, K:) or the latter has an intensive signification [app. meaning he wound it round many times upon his head; or in many folds ]: and hence you say, الشَّىْءَ ↓ كوّر he wound the thing in a round form. (Msb.) -A2- Hence the saying, حَارَ بَعْدَ مَا كَارَ, (Zj, in TA, art. حور,) (assumed tropical:) He became in a bad state of affairs after he had been in a good state: or he became in a state of defectiveness after he had been in a state of redundance. (TA, art. حور.) See also كَوْرٌ, below. -A3- كَارَ, (TA,) inf. n. كَوْرٌ, (K,) He carried a كَارَة, q. v., (K, TA,) upon his back; (TA;) as also ↓ استكار. (K, TA.)

2 كَوَّرَ see 1, in two places. -A2- اـِذَا الشَّمْسُ كُوِّرَتْ, in the Kur [lxxxi. 1,] When the sun shall be wound round [ with darkness ] like a turban: (AO, S:) or shall be wrapped up and effaced: (AO accord. to the S, or Akh accord. to the TA:) or shall be wrapped up and have its light taken away: (Jel:) or shall have its light collected together and wrapped up like as a turban is wrapped: (TA:) or shall be folded up like as a سِجِلّ [or scroll ] is folded up: (Msb:) or shall lose its light: (Fr, Katádeh, S:) or shall be divested of its light: ('Ikrimeh:) or shall be blinded; syn. عَوِّرَتْ: (I'Ab, S:) or shall pass away and come to nought: or shall be collected together and cast down into the depth below; syn. دُهْوِرَتْ: (both of which are explanations given by Mujáhid:) or shall be cast away. (Er-Rabeea Ibn-Kheythem.) -A3- يُكَوِّرُ ا@للَّيْلَ عَلَى ا@لنَّهَارِ (Kur xxxix. 7) He maketh the night to be a covering upon the day: or He addeth of the night to the day: (S:) or He maketh the night to overtake the day: (TA:) or He bringeth in the night upon the day: (K:) from كَوَّرَ العِمَامَةَ: all of which meanings are nearly alike. (TA.) -A4- كوّر المَتَاعَ, (A, K:) inf. n. تَكْوِيرٌ, (S,) He collected together the goods and bound or tied them: (S, K:) or he put the goods one upon another. (A.) -A5- طَعَنَهُ فَكَوَّرَهُ, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He smote and pierced him [with his spear], and threw him down gathered together, or in a heap. (S, Msb, K. *) ― -b2- ضَرَبَهَ فَكَوَّرَهُ He smote him, and threw him down prostrate: (K, * TA:) [like جَوَّرَهُ:] or كوّرهُ signifies he prostrated him, whether he smote him or not. (TA.)

5 تكوّر ذ He fell upon his side, and drew himself together; syn. تَقَطَّرَ وَتَشَمَّرَ: (S, K:) or he wrapped himself up, and tucked up his garment, or skirt, or the like; syn. تَلَفَّفَ وَتَشَمَّرَ. (TA.) ― -b2- He fell; fell down. (S, K.) ― -b3- He became prostrated; as also ↓ اـِكْتَارَ: (K:) or اكتار signifies he prostrated a thing, one part upon another. (TA.)

8 اكتار ذ He turbaned himself; attired himself with a turban. (Sgh, K.) -A2- See also 5.

10 اـِسْتَكْوَرَ see 1, last signification.

كَوْرٌ ذ , (S, Msb,) an inf. n. used as a subst., (Msb,) or ↓ كُورٌ, (ISh, T, A,) A turn, or twist, of a turban: (ISh, T, A, Msb:) pl. أَكْوَارٌ. (A, Msb.) You say, العِمَامَةُ عِشْرُونَ كُورًا [ The turban is composed of twenty turns ], and عَشَرَةُ أَكْوَارٍ [ ten turns ]. (A.) -A2- Increase; or redundance. (S, A, Msb.) Hence the saying, نَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الحَوْرِ بَعْدَ الكَوْرِ (S, A, Msb) We have recourse to God for preservation from decrease, or defectiveness, after increase, or redundance: (S, Msb:) or, as it is also related, بَعْدَ الكَوْنِ, which means the same: or the meaning is, from return to disobedience after obedience: (Msb:) or from return after pursuing a right course. (TA.) See also حَوْرٌ.

كُورٌ ذ : see كَوْرٌ. -A2- A camel's [ saddle of the kind called ] رَحْل: (K, TA:) as also ↓ مَكْوَرٌ (K) and ↓ مُكْوَرٌّ, the latter with damm to the م and teshdeed to the ر: (TS, L:] or a رَحْل with its apparatus: (S, Msb, K:) pronounced by many كَوْرٌ; but this is a mistake: (IAth:) pl. [of pauc.] أَكْوَارٌ (S, Msb, K) and أَكْوُرٌ, (K,) and (of mult., TA) كِيرَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and كُورَانٌ and كُؤُورٌ, which last, says ISd, is extr. as a pl. form of a sing. such as كور with an infirm letter. (TA.) -A3- A blacksmith's fire-place; (S, * A, Msb;) his مَجْمَرَة; (K;) constructed of clay: (S, Msb, K: *) and also said to signify the skin [ with which he blows his fire ]: (Msb, TA:) or this latter is called [only] كِيرٌ: (A, in the present art.; and S, Msb, K, art. كير:) an arabicized word. (Msb.) -A4- [ A hornets', or bees', nest; ] the place, (S, K,) or structure, (TA,) of hornets: (الزَّنَابِير, S, K [in the CK, الدَّنَانِير, which is a mistake:]) or of bees: (accord. to a trad. cited in the TA:) pl. أَكْوَارٌ. (TA.) See also كُوَارَةٌ.

كَارَةٌ ذ A bundle (حَالٌ) which a man carries on his back: or a bundle (عِكْمٌ) of clothes, put in one piece of cloth [ and tied up ]: such is that of the قَصَّار [or beater and washer and whitener of clothes]: (TA:) or the كارة is what is carried on the back, [ being a bundle ] of clothes: (S:) or what are put together and tied up [ in a wrapper ] of clothes: (Msb:) or a certain quantity of wheat; (K, TA;) which a man carries on his back: (TA:) pl. كَارَاتٌ. (A, Msb.) [See also عَجَلَةٌ.]