Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

كَاثٍّ بِسَلْحِهِ ذ Alvum dejiciens. (TA.)

كَثْكَثٌ ذ and كِثْكِثٌ Crumbled particles of stone; and dust: (S, K:) like أَثْلَبٌ and اـِثْلِبٌ: (S:) or fine dust; and crumbled particles of stone: or dust in general. (TA.) One says بِفِيهِ الكثكثُ [ In his mouth are crumbled particles of stone, and dust: app. meaning he is dead and buried ]. (S.) [See also كثاث.].

كُثْكُثَى ذ and كَثْكَثَى A certain game played with dust. (K.)

أَكَثُّ ذ : see كَثٌّ.

1 كَثَأَ ذ , aor. كَثَاَ , (AZ, S, K,) inf. n. كَثْءٌ; (S;) (as also كَثَعَ; TA;) and ↓ كثّأ, inf. n. تَكْثِئَةٌ; (S, L, K;) It (the milk) rose above the water, and the latter became clear beneath it: (AZ, S, K;) it (the milk) became thick, or coagulated, and its oily matter floated upon its surface. (TA.) ― -b2- كَثَأَتِ القِدْرُ, (S, K,) inf. n. كَثْءٌ, (S,) The pot frothed, or raised a scum, in boiling. (AZ, S, K.) ― -b3- كَثَأَ القِدْرَ He skimmed the pot. (K.) -A2- كَثَأَ, (K,) inf. n. كَثْءٌ; (TA;) and ↓ كثّأ, inf. n. تَكْثِئَةٌ; (K;) It (a plant, S, K, and the soft kind of hair called وَبَر, S) grew forth, or became dense and thick and long: (K:) it (standing corn, &c.) became thick and tangled. (TA.) ― -b2- كَثَأَتِ اللِّحْيَةُ, and ↓ كثّأت, and ↓ كَنْثَأَت, (K,) or, accord. to some, كنتأت, (TA,) The beard became long and large (K.)

2 كثّأ ذ , inf. n. تَكْثِىْءٌ, He ate what is called كَثْأَة, (K,) i. e. what is on the top of milk. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And see 1 in three places.

Q. Q. 1 see 1, last sentence.

كَثْءٌ ذ A kind of أَقِط; what rises ( from the milk ) above the water, the latter becoming clear beneath it; or what becomes thick, or coagulated, its oily matter floating upon the surface, (يَكْثَأُ,) in the pot, and is poured out; the upper part whereof is gross, or thick. So says AHát; and he adds, What is termed مصرع [evidently, I think, a mistranscription for مُضَرِّعٌ,] is what becomes thick, or coagulated, and almost thoroughly cooked: عاقد is that of which the water has gone, and which is thoroughly cooked: كَرِيص is that which is cooked with نَهْق or حَمَصِيص: مَصْل is a kind of اقط cooked again: and ثَوْر is a great piece of it. (TA.)

كَثْأَةٌ ذ and كَثْأَةٌ (like كثعة, TA) Oily scum, or floating curd, of milk; or what floats above the water: (S, K, TA:) scum of a pot, after boiling. (TA.) ― -b2- خُذْ كَثأةَ قِدْرِكَ Take the scum of thy pot. (S.) [See 2.] -A2- كَثْأَةٌ and كَثَاةٌ (K) The leek, syn. كُرَّاث: or, as some say, the wild carrot, syn. حِنْزَاب: (TA:) or the rocket, syn. جِرْجِير: (K:) or, accord. to AM, the seed of that plant: (TA:) or wild rocket, syn. جِرْجِير بَرِّىّ; (K;) not that which is cultivated in gardens. (TA.) Aboo-Málik says, that it is also called نَهْق. (TA.) [See also كَتْأَة.]

لِحْيَةٌ كَنْثَأَةٌ ذ A long and large beard. (TA.) ― -b2- كَنْثَأُ اللِّحْيَةِ Having a long and large beard. (TA.)

كِنْثَأْوٌ ذ i. q. كِنْتَأْوٌ, [q. v. in art. كتأ]. (K.)

1 كَثَبَهُ ذ , aor. كَثُبَ and كَثِبَ , inf. n. كَثْبٌ, He collected it together, (S, K,) from a near place. (TA.) كُثِبَ بَيْنَنَا [ It (referring to a quantity of dates, sent by Mohammad,) was collected together among us; ] meaning, it was left collected together before us. (TA, from a trad.) كَثَبَ القَوْمَ He collected together the people. (Msb.) ― -b2- كَثَبَهُ, aor. كَثُبَ and كَثِبَ , inf. n. كَثْبٌ, He poured it out, or forth. (K.) He collected it together from a near place, and poured it out, or forth. (TA.) ― -b3- He scattered dust, or earth, part over part. (Lth.) ― -b4- كَثَبَ, aor. كَثُبَ , inf. n. كَثْبٌ, He scattered corn or other food. (AZ.) ― -b5- كَثَبَ كِنَانَتَهُ He turned his quiver upside down, and scattered its contents. (K.) In one copy of the K, explained by نكثها; but this is a mistake: the right reading is نَكَبَهَا. (TA.) ― -b6- كَثَبَ, aor. كَثُبَ and كَثِبَ , inf. n. كَثْبٌ, It (a people, TA,) collected itself together, or congregated. (K.) -A2- كَثَبٌ, aor. كَثُبَ and كَثَبَ , inf. n. كَثْبٌ, He entered. (K.) Ex. كَثَبُوا لَكُمْ They entered among you. From [كَثَبٌ as signifying] “ nearness. ” (TA.) ― -b2- كَثَبَ عَلَيْهِ He charged upon him, and returned against him after retiring from him: (K:) or he drew near to him, and charged upon him, &c. (TA.) See also 4. -A3- كَثَبَ لَبَنُهَا Her milk became little; (K;) either in a case of [usual] copiousness or paucity. (TA.)

2 كثّب ذ , inf. n. تَكْثِيبٌ, It [a number of things, or a quantity,] was, or became, few, or little. The inf. n. is explained in the K by the word قِلَّة; but this, says SM, I do not find in the [other] lexicons. (TA.)

3 كَاْثَبَ see 4.

4 اكثبهُ ذ , and اكثب لَهُ, and مِنْهُ, (K,) and اـِلَيْهِ, and ↓ كَثَبَهُ, (TA,) and ↓ كاثبهُ, (K,) He drew near to, or approached, him or it. (K.) اـِذَا كَثَبُوكُمْ فَا@رْمُوهُمْ بِالنَّبْلِ When they draw near to you, shoot at them with arrows. (TA, from a trad.) [You say] أَكْثَبَكَ الصَّيْدُ قَا@رْمِهِ, (S, * K,) and أَكْثَبَ لَكَ, (TA,) The game hath enabled thee [ to shoot it ]; (S;) or made thee to have its كَاثِبَة within thy power, or reach; (K;) or drawn near to thee and enabled thee [ to take advantage of it ]; (TA;) [ so shoot at it ]. In some copies of the K, for اكثبك, we read كَثَبَكَ; but the former is the right reading, though the two verbs are syn. The phrase is a proverb. (TA.) -A2- اكثبهُ He gave him to drink a كُثْبَة (K) of milk. (TA.)

7 انكثب ذ It (sand) collected. (S.) ― -b2- انكثب فِيهِ It (anything) poured out, or forth, or was, or became, poured out, or forth, into it, (S,) and collected. (TA.) ― -b3- انكثب It (dust, or earth,) was, or became, scattered, part over part. (Lth.)

كَثَبٌ ذ Nearness [ with respect to place ]. (S, K.) The ب in this word is sometimes changed into م. (Msb.) هُوَ كَشَبَكَ He is near thee. Sb says that it is not used otherwise than as an adverbial noun of place. But you say, هُوَ يَرْمِى مِنْ كَثَبٍ He shoots, or throws, from a near spot, and from a distance from which he can reach, or hit. (TA.)

كُثْبَةٌ ذ A portion, or quantity, of corn or other food, (or of dates, TA,) or dust, or earth, &c., (K), after it has been little. (TA.) ― -b2- Anything collected together, (K,) of corn or other food, &c., after it has been little. (S.) ― -b3- A little of milk, &c.: (A'Obeyd) or a little of water and of milk: or a gulp, or draught, remaining in a vessel: (K:) or the quantity of one milking: (S:) or the quantity that is contained in a bowl or cup of the kind called قَدَح, of milk, (AZ, S, K,) and of water: (K:) pl. كُثَبٌ. (S.) اـِحْتَلَبُوا كُثَبًا They milked a little from each ewe. (AHát.) One says of a man who comes to seek food as a guest under the pretence of demanding a woman in marriage, اـِنَّهُ لَيَخْطُبُ كُثْبَةً [ Verily he sues for a little milk, &c. ] (IAar.) -A2- A depressed tract of land between mountains. (K.)

كَثْبَاءُ ذ Dust, or earth, (تُرَابٌ): (K, as in the Calc. ed. and in a MS. copy:) or one of the names of شَرَاب [by which, app., is here meant wine ]. (So accord. to the TA, which does not mention the former reading in the K.)

كُثَابٌ ذ Many, or much: (K:) a syn. of كُبَابٌ, q. v.: you say نَعَمٌ كُثَابٌ, meaning Many camels, or camels and sheep or goats. (TA.)

كِثَابٌ ذ : see كُثَّابٌ.

كَثِيبٌ ذ A thing collected together. (Msb.) ― -b2- A hill, or heap, of sand: (S, K:) or an oblong and gibbous hill of sand: or an extended gibbous hill [or an elevated expanse ] of sand: or what has collected, of sand, and assumed a gibbous shape: (TA:) or what has poured down, of sand, into a place, and collected there: (S:) [less than what is called عَقَنْقَلٌ, q. v.:] pl. كُثْبَانٌ (S, K) and كُثُبٌ and أَكْثِبَةٌ: (K:) [the last a pl. of pauc.]. ― -b3- وكَانَتِ الجِبَالُ كَثِيبًا مُهِيلًا [Kur, lxxiii. 14,] signifies And the mountains shall be sand, whereof the lower part being shaken, it shall pour down upon thee from above. (Fr.) ― -b4- ثَلَاثَةٌ عَلَى كُثُبِ المِسْكِ, or كُثْبَانِ المسك, [ Three (descriptions of men shall be, on the day of resurrection,) on hills, or heaps, of musk ]. (TA, from a trad.)

كَثَّابٌ ذ : see كُثَّابٌ.

كُثَّابٌ ذ (S, art. كتب, and K) and ↓ كَتَّابٌ, (K,) as also كُتَّابٌ, q. v., An arrow having neither head nor feathers, (As, K,) with which boys play: (As, TA:) or a common arrow. (TA.) [You say,] مَا رَمَاهُ بِكُثَّابٍ He did not shoot at him with an arrow: or, as some say, a small arrow is here meant. (L.) A proverb, which is related as above: but accord. to the K., ↓ مَا رَمَى بِكِثَابٍ He did not shoot, or throw anything; an arrow or other thing. (TA.)

كَثْنَبٌ ذ and كَنْثَبٌ: see arts. كثنت and كنثب.

كَاثِبَةٌ ذ The مِنْسَج (or part below the حَارِك, which latter is the withers, or the upper part thereof, &c., ) of a horse: (K:) or the fore part of the منسج of a horse, where the hand of the horseman falls [ when he mounts ]: (S:) or the elevated part of the منسج: or the part from the root of the neck to the part between the shoulders: or the place where the shoulders unite, before the saddle; [i. e. the withers ]: pl. كَوَاثِبُ (TA) and أَكْثَابٌ: (K:) but of the latter pl. ISd remarks, I know not how this is. (TA.) يَضَعُونَ رِمَاحَهُمْ عَلَى كَوَاثِبِ خَيْلِهِمْ [ They put their spears upon the withers of their horses ]. The last of the above explanations is here assigned to كواثب. (TA, from a trad.)

1 كَثُرَ ذ , aor. كَثُرَ , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. كَثْرَةٌ (Msb, TA) and كِثْرَةٌ, or this is erroneous, (Msb,) [and perhaps كُثْرَةٌ, and كُثْرٌ, or these are simple substs., (see كَثْرَةٌ, below,)] and كَثَارَةٌ, (TA,) It was, or became, much, copious, abundant, many, numerous, great in number or quantity; it multiplied; it accumulated. (S, K, TA.) كَثُرُوا عَلَيْهِ فَغَلَبُوهُ [ They multiplied against him and overcame him. ] (TA in art. غرق). [كَثُرَ مِنْهُ كَذَا Such a thing proceeded from him, or was done by him, much, or often. ] See also 4. -A2- كَاثَرُوهُمْ فَكَثَرُوهُمْ: see 3.

2 كَثَّرَ see 4.

3 كَاثَرُوهُمْ فَكَثَرُوهُمْ ذ , (S, K,) inf. n. of the former, مُكَاثَرَةٌ, (S,) [and aor. of the latter, accord. to analogy, كَثُرَ ,] They contended with them for superiority in number, and overcame them therein, (S, K, TA,) or surpassed, or exceeded, them in number. (TA.) -A2- See also 10.

4 اكثرهُ ذ He made it much, abundant, many, or numerous, he multiplied it; as also ↓ كثّرهُ, (Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. تَكْثِيرٌ. (K.) ― -b2- أَكْثَرْتُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ and مِنْهُ ↓ استكثرتُ signify the same; (S, Msb;) i. e., أَكْثَرْتُ فِعْلَهُ [ I did the thing much; lit., I made the doing of it much ]: or أَكْثَرْتُ مِنَ الأَكْلِ وَنَحْوِهِ [ I ate, and the like, much ] presents an instance of pleonasm, [being for أَكْثَرْتُ الأَكْلَ وَنَحْوَهُ,] accord. to the opinion of the Koofees: or it is an instance of explication [of the vague signification of the verb], accord. to the opinion of the Basrees; the objective complement being suppressed, and the complete phrase being أَكْثَرْتُ الفِعْلَ مِنَ الأَكْلِ: and so in the like cases. (Msb.) [You say also أَكْثَرَ فِى الكَلَامِ He spoke, or talked, much; was profuse, or immoderate, in speech, or talk. And in like manner, فِى الأَمْرِ ↓ كَثُرَ He did, acted, or occupied himself, much in the affair. ] ― -b3- اكثر [as an intrans. v.] signifies أَتَى بِكَثِيرٍ [ He brought, or he did, or he said, much ]. (K.) ― -b4- Also, [ He became rich; he abounded in property; ] his property became much, or abundant. (S, Msb, K.) -A2- اكثر It (a palm-tree) produced, or put forth, its طَلْع [or spadix ], (S, K,) i. e., its كَثَر, whence the verb. (TA.) -A3- [مَا أَكْثَرَ مَالَهُ How abundant is his wealth! or how numerous are his cattle! ]

5 تكثّر ذ [ He endeavoured to acquire much, or abundance, of a thing]. You say تكثّر مِنَ العِلْمِ لِيَحْفَظَ [ He endeavoured to acquire much knowledge, in order that he might preserve it in his memory ]. And تَكثّر مِنْهُ لِيَفْهَمَ [ He endeavoured to acquire much thereof in order that he might understand ]. (A.) See also 10. ― -b2- He made a vain, or false, boast of abundance, or riches; or a boast of more than he possessed; and invested himself with that which did not belong to him. (TA, voce تَشَبَّعَ, which signifies the same.) You say تكثّر بِمَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ He made a boast of abundance, or riches, which he did not possess; syn. تَشَبَّعَ. (Msb, art. شبع.) And فُلَانٌ يَتَكَثَّرُ بِمَالِ غَيْرِهِ [ Such a one makes a vain or false show of abundance or riches with the wealth or property of another ]. (S.)

6 تَكَاْثَرَ i. q. 3 [but relating to more than two]. (S.) [You say تَكَاتَرُوا They contended, one with another, for superiority in number. ] التَّكَاثُرُ in the Kur, ci. 1, signifies The contending together for superiority in [ the amount or number of ] property and children and men. (Jel.) -A2- تَكَاثَرَتْ أَمْوَالُهُ [ His riches multiplied by degrees ]. (A.) ― -b2- تكاثر عَلَيْهِ النَّاسُ فَقَهَرُوهُ [ The people multiplied by degrees against him, and overcame him, or subdued him ]. (TA.)

10 استكثر مِنَ الشَّىْءِ ذ He desired, or wished for, much of the thing. (K.) You say استكثر مِنَ المَالِ [ He desired, or wished for, much of the property ]. (A.) ― -b2- استكثرهُ المَاآءِ, and المَاآءَ ↓ كاثرهُ, He desired of him for himself much of the water that he might drink of it: (K:) and so if the water were little. (TA.) ― -b3- استكثر مِنَ الشّىُءِ also signifies i. q. أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُ, q. v. (S, Msb.) ― -b4- Also استكثرهُ He reckoned it much, abundant, or many. (Msb.) You say هُوَ يَسْتَكْثِرُ الفَلِيلَ [ He reckons little, or few, much, abundant, or many ]. (A.)

Q. Q. 2 تَكَوْثَرَ ذ It (dust) was, or became, much, or abundant. (S.) See كُوْثَرٌ.

كَثْرٌ ذ : see كَثِيرٌ. -A2- See also كَثَرٌ.

كُثْرٌ ذ : see كَثْرَةٌ. -A2- The greater, or greatest, or main, part, of a thing; the most thereof. (K.)

كِثْرٌ ذ : see كَثْرَةٌ.

كَثَرٌ ذ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ كَثْرٌ (Msb, K) The heart, or pith, (syn. جُمَّارٌ, S, Msb, K, and شَحْمٌ, and جَذَبٌ, TA,) of a palm-tree: (S, Msb, K:) of the dial. of the Ansár: (TA:) or its spadix; syn. طَلْعٌ. (S, Msb, K.)

كَثْرَةٌ ذ , (S, A, K,) and ↓ كِثْرَةٌ, (K,) or the latter should not be used, for it is a bad dial. form, (S,) or it is correct when coupled with قِلَّةٌ, for the sake of assimilation, (TA,) and ↓ كُثْرَةٌ, though the first is the best known, (Ibn- 'Allán, in his Sharh el-Iktiráh,) or the last is not allowable, (TA,) and ↓ كُثْرٌ, (S, A, K,) and ↓ كِثْرٌ, (S,) Muchness; much, as a subst.; copiousness; abundance; a large quantity; numerousness; multiplicity; multitudinousness; a multitude; a plurality; a large number; numbers; and frequency: contr. of قِلَّةٌ. (S, A, K.) [See also كَثُرَ.] You say ↓ مَا لَهُ قُلٌّ وَلَا كُثْرٌ He has not little nor much of property. (S.) And ↓ الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ عَلَى القُلٌّ وَالكُثْرِ, (S, A,) and ↓ عَلَى القِلِّ وَالكِثْرِ, (S,) Praise be to God for little and much. (S, * A.) [↓ كُثْرٌ is explained in the S by كَثِيرٌ, and so in one place in the TA; but it is a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates.] ― -b2- كَثْرَةٌ is also used to signify Richness, or wealthiness; syn. سَعَةٌ. (Mgh.)

كُثْرَةٌ ذ : see كَثْرَةُ.

كِثْرَةٌ ذ : see كَثْرَةُ.

كُثَارٌ ذ : see كَثِيرٌ. -A2- Also, and ↓ كِثَارٌ, Companies, or troops, or the like, (K, TA,) of men or animals only. (TA.) You say فِى الدَّارِ كُثَارٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ, and كِثَارٌ, In the house are companies of men. (TA.)

كِثَارٌ ذ : see كُثَارٌ.

كَثِيرٌ ذ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ كُثَارٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَاثِرٌ and ↓ كَثْرٌ and ↓ كَيْثَرٌ and ↓ كُوْثَرٌ (K) Much; copious; abundant; many; numerous; multitudinous. (S, A, Msb, K.) You say خَيْرٌ كَثِيرٌ, and ↓ كَيْثَرٌ, Much, or abundant, good. (A.) And قَوْمٌ كَثِيرٌ A numerous party, or people: and هُمْ كَثِيرُونَ They are many. (S.) And رِجَالٌ كَثِيرٌ, and كَثِيرَةٌ, Many men: and نِسَاآءٌ كَثِيرٌ, and كَثِيرَةٌ, Many women. (Yoo, ISh, Msb.) And ↓ عَدَدٌ كَاثِرٌ, (S, Msb,) and, as some say, ↓ كَوْثَرٌ, (Msb,) and كَثِيرٌ, (K in art. بول, &c.) A large number. (S, Msb.) And ↓ غُبَارٌ كُوْثَرٌ Much dust: (S:) or much confused dust (K, TA) rising and diffusing itself: of the dial. of Hudheyl. (TA.) ― -b2- [ A large quantity, or number, مِنْ مَالٍ وَغَيْرِهِ of property, or cattle, &c. ] ― -b3- كَثِيرًا, as an adv., Much; often. (The lexicons passim.) ― -b4- رَجُلٌ كثيرٌ [in the TA كثر: probably the right reading is ↓ كَيْثَرٌ, q. v.:] A man whose ancestors are many, and whose high deeds are various. (L.) ― -b5- See also مُطَّرِدٌ.

كَثِيرَةٌ ذ , with ة, [as a subst., signifying Much, ] is used only in negative phrases; like [its contr.] قَلِيلَةٌ, q. v. (AZ, in TA, art. قل.)

كَاثِرٌ ذ : see كَثِيرٌ, in two places.

كُوْثَرٌ ذ : see كَثِيرٌ, in three places. -A2- A lord, or master, (S, K,) abounding in good: (S:) a man possessing good, or much good, and who gives much or often; as also ↓ كَيْثَرٌ. (K, TA.) -A3- A river. (Kr, K.) ― -b2- And الكَوْثَرُ A certain river in paradise, (S, Msb, K,) from which flow all the [ other ] rivers thereof, (K,) pertaining specially to the Prophet, described as being whiter than milk and sweeter than honey and as having its margin composed of pavilions of hollowed pearls. (TA.)

كَيْثَرٌ ذ : see كَثِيرٌ, in two places: and كُوْثَرٌ.

أَكْثَرُ ذ More, and most, in quantity, and in number. (The lexicons passim.)

[ أَكْثَزِىٌّ ذ Having relation to the greater number of things or cases. ]