وعد

1 وَعَدَ ذ , aor. يَعِدُ, inf. n. وَعْدٌ and عِدَةٌ, (S, L, Msb, K,) [in which the ة is a substitute for the elided و,] or the latter is a quasi-inf. n., (L,) and مَوْعِدٌ and مَوْعِدَةٌ, (L, Msb, K,) or the last is a quasi-inf. n., (L,) and مَوْعُودٌ and مَوْعُودَةٌ, (L, K,) the last two being instances of inf. ns. of the measures مَفْعُولٌ and مَفْعوُلَةٌ, (L,) He promised. (TA.) It is trans. immediately, and by means of the prep. ب; (L, Msb, K;) but some say that the ب is redundant in this case; and most of the lexicologists disallow it with this form of the verb, allowing it only with أَوْعَدَ. (TA.) It is also used with reference to good and evil: (S, L, Msb, K:) you say وَعَدَهُ خَيْرًا [ He promised him good ]: and وَعَدَهُ شَرًّا (tropical:) [ He threatened him with evil ]: (Fr, Fs, S, L, Msb, K, &c.:) and, [accord. to some,] وعده بِخَيْرٍ, and بِشَرّ. (IKoot, Msb.) When neither good nor evil is mentioned, if you mean the former, you say وَعَدَ [ He promised good ]: and if you mean the latter, ↓ أَوْعَدَ, (Fr, T, S, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. اـِيعَادٌ, with which وَعِيدٌ is syn., (S, L, Msb, K,) being one irregular inf. n., [or quasiinf. n.,] (Msb,) [ He threatened, ] or threatened with, evil ]; and ↓ أَوْعَدَهُ [ He threatened him, menaced him, or threatened him with evil ]; (Msb;) as also ↓ توعّدهُ, (L, Msb,) inf. n. تَوَعُّدٌ; (S, L, K;) and ↓ اتّعدهُ. (L.) You also say خَيْرًا ↓ اوعد [ He promised good ]; (IAar, T, ISd, Msb, K;) but this is extr.: (L:) and بِشَرٍّ ↓ اوعد [ He threatened, or threatened with, evil ]: (S, L, Msb, K:) when ب is introduced after this form of the verb, it relates only to evil: (Fs, Msb:) but you also say شَرًّا ↓ اوعده. (Msb.) ― -b2- Failure of performance, with respect to a promise, the Arabs regard as a lie; but with regard to a threat, as generosity. A poet says, وَاـِنِّى وَاـِنْ أَوْعَدْتُهُ أَوْ وَعَدْتُهُ لَمُخْلِفُ اـِيعَادِى وَمُنْجِزُ مَوْعِدِى [ And verily I, if I threaten him or promise him, fail to perform my threat, but fulfil my promise ]. (Msb.) Nay, they do not apply the term خُلْفٌ to the failure of performing a threat. (TA.) ― -b3- يَوْمُنَا يَعِدُ بَرْدًا (tropical:) Our day promises cold. (L.) ― -b4- وَعَدَتِ الأَرض (tropical:) The land promised good produce. (A.) ― -b5- وَاعَدَهُ فَوَعَدَهُ: see 3.