سوى

سَوَاآءٌ ذ [in some copies of the K erroneously written without ء] in its primary acceptation is an inf. n., [but without a proper verb, used as a simple subst.,] meaning Equality, equability, uniformity, or evenness; syn. اِسْتِوَاآءٌ; (Mughnee;) as also ↓ سَوِيَّةٌ: (M, K:) or [rather] it is a subst., (S, and Ksh and Bd in ii. 5,) meaning اِسْتِوَاآءٌ, (Ksh and Bd ibid.,) from اِسْتَوَى in the sense of اِعْتَدَلَ; (S;) and signifies [as above: and] equity, justice, or rectitude; syn. عَدْلٌ; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ سَوِيَّةً; (M;) and ↓ سِوًى and ↓ سُوًى, as well as سَوَاآءٌ, accord. to Fr, are syn. with نَصَفٌ; and accord. to him, (TA,) and to Akh, (S, TA,) syn. with عَدْلٌ; (S, K, TA;) [but app., only syn. with عَدْلٌ and نَصَفٌ not as a subst. but as an epithet, like وَسَطٌ thus used, as will be shown by what follows, although] each said by Er-Rághib to be originally an inf. n. (TA.) One says, هُمَا مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ ↓ عَلَى سَوِيَّةً, meaning سَوَاآءٍ [i. e. They two are on an equality, or on a par, in respect of this affair, or case ]: (S, TA:) and ↓ هُمْ عَلَى سَوِيَّةٍ, meaning [likewise] اِسْتِوَاآءٌ [i. e. They are on an equality, or on a par ], (M, K,) فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ [ in this affair, or case ]. (M.) And ↓ قَسَمْتُ الشَّىْءَ بَيْنَهُمَا بِالسَّوِيَّةِ, (S,) meaning بِالعَدْلِ [i. e. I divided the thing between them two with equity, justice, or rectitude ]. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [viii. 60], فَا@نْبِذْ اـِلَيْهِمْ عَلَى سَوَاآءٍ, meaning عَدْلٍ [as expl. in art. نبذ, q. v.]. (S, * TA.) [Hence,] لَيْلَةُ السَّوَاآءِ The night of the thirteenth [ of the lunar month; the first being that on which the new moon is first seen]; (As, S, K, TA;) in which the moon becomes equable or uniform (يَسْتَوِى) [ in illumination ]: (TA:) or the night of the fourteenth. (M, K.) ― -b2- And i. q. وَسَطٌ [as meaning The middle, or midst, of a thing]; (S, M, Mughnee, K;) as also ↓ سُوًى and ↓ سِوًى. (Lh, M, K.) Hence, سَوَاآءُ الشَّىْءِ The middle, or midst, of the thing; (S, M;) as also ↓ سُوَاهُ and ↓ سِوَاهُ. (Lh, M.) It is said in the Kur [xxxvii. 53,] فَرَاآهُ فِى سَوَاآءِ ا@لْجَحِيمِ [ And he shall see him ] in the middle or midst [ of the fire of Hell ]. (S, * Mughnee, TA.) In like manner also one says سَوَاآءُ السَّبِيلِ [ The middle of the road ]: or, accord. to Fr, it means the right direction of the road or way. (TA.) And one says, اِنْقَطَعَ سَوَائِى, meaning My waist [ broke ], or my middle. (TA.) And سَوَاآءُ النَّهَارِ means The middle of the day. (M, K. [In some copies of the K, مُتَّسَعُهُ is erroneously put for مُنْتَصَفُهُ.]) ― -b3- [Hence, perhaps, as being generally the middle or nearly so,] The summit of a mountain. (M, K.) And An [ eminence, or a hill, or the like, such as is termed ] أَكَمَة: or a [ stony tract such as is termed ] حَرَّة: or the head of a حَرَّة. (M.) -A2- It is also used as an epithet; (Mughnee;) and signifies Equal, equable, uniform, or even; syn. ↓ مُسْتَوٍ; (M, Mughnee, K;) applied in this sense to a place; (Mughnee;) as also, thus applied, ↓ سَوِىٌّ, and ↓ سِىٌّ; (M, K;) or these two signify, thus applied, [like سَوَاآءٌ as expl. hereafter,] equidistant in respect of its two extremities. (TA.) And as syn. with ↓ مُسْتَوٍ, it is applied [to a fem. noun as well as to a sing., and] to one and more than one, because it is originally an inf. n.; whence the phrase لَيْسُوا سَوَاآءً [ They are not equal; in the Kur iii. 109]. (Mughnee.) Using it in this sense, one says أَرْضٌ سَوَاآءٌ [ An even land ]: and دَارٌ سَوَاآءٌ A house uniform (↓ مُسْتَوِيَةٌ) in respect of the [ appertenances termed ] مَرَافِق: and ثَوْبٌ سَوَاآءٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, equal, or uniform, (↓ مُسْتَوٍ,) in its breadth and its length and its two lateral edges: but one does not say جَمَلٌ سَوَاآءٌ, nor حَمَارٌ سَوَاآءٌ, nor رَجُلٌ سَوَاآءٌ: (M, TA:) though one says رَجُلٌ سَوَاآءُ البَطْنِ A man whose belly is even with the breast: and سَوَاآءُ القَدَمِ having no hollow to the sole of his foot. (TA.) One says also الخَلْقِ ↓ رَجُلٌ سَوِىٌّ, (S, M,) meaning ↓ مُسْتَوٍ [i. e. A man uniform in make, or symmetrical; or full-grown, of full vigour, or mature in body, or in body and intellect: see 8]: (S:) and رَجُلٌ ↓ سَوِىٌّ A man equally free from excess and deficiency in his dispositions and his make: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or sound in limbs: (TA voce مِرَّةٌ, q. v.:) and ↓ غُلَامٌ سَوِىٌّ A boy, or young man, uniform in make, or symmetrical, (الخَلْقِ ↓ مُسْتَوِى,) without disease, and without fault, or defect: (Mgh:) and the fem. is سَوِيَّةٌ. (M.) Accord. to Er-Rághib, ↓ السَّوِىُّ signifies That which is preserved from excess and deficiency: and hence ↓ الصِّرَاطِ السَّوِىِّ [in Kur xx. last verse, as though meaning The road, or way that neither exceeds, nor falls short of, that which is right ]; (Er-Rághib, TA;) the right, or direct, road: (Bd, Jel:) and some read السَّوَاآءِ, meaning the middle, good, road: and السَّوْءِ (Ksh, Bd) i. e. the evil, or bad, road: (Bd:) and السُّوْءَى [i. e. most evil, or worst; fem. of أَسْوَأُ; for الصِّرَاطُ is fem. as well as masc.]: (Ksh, Bd:) [and] ↓ السُّوَىَ, of the measure فُعْلَى from السَّوَاآءُ, [with which it is syn.,] or originally السُّوْءَى [mentioned above]: (K:) and ↓ السُّوَىِّ, (Ksh, Bd,) which is dim. of السَّوَاآء, (Lth, TA,) [or] as dim. of السَّوْء [in which case it is for السُّوَىْءِ]. (Ksh, Bd.) ― -b2- [Hence,] it signifies also Complete: (Mughnee:) you say, هٰذَا دِرْهَمٌ سَوَاآءٌ (M, Mughnee) This is a complete dirhem; (Mughnee;) using the last word as an epithet: and سَوَاآءً also, using it as an inf. n., as though you said اِسْتِوَاآءً: and in like manner in the Kur xli. 9, some road سَوَاآءً; and others, سَوَاآءٍ. (M.) ― -b3- And Equitable, just, or right; syn. عَدْلٌ: used in this sense in the saying in the Kur [iii. 57], تَعَالَوْا اـِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاآءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ [ Come ye to an equitable, or a just, or right, sentence, or proposition, between us and you ]. (Az, TA.) ― -b4- And Equidistant, [...]