قلب

1 قَلَبَهُ ذ , (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. قَلِبَ , (Msb, K.) inf. n. قَلْبٌ, (Msb,) He altered, or changed, its, or his, mode, or manner, of being; (A, Mgh, Msb, * K;) and ↓ قلّبهُ signifies the same, (K,) or is like قَلَبَهُ in the sense expl. above and in other senses but denotes intensiveness and muchness; (Msb;) and ↓ اقلبهُ also signifies the same as قَلَبَهُ in the sense expl. above, (K,) on the authority of Lh, but is of weak authority. (TA.) Hence, (Mgh,) He inverted it; turned it upside-down; turned it so as to make its upper most part its undermost; (S, * A, * Mgh, Msb;) namely, a thing; (S;) for instance, a [garment of the kind called] رِدَاآء: (A, * Mgh:) and ↓ قلّبهُ has a similar meaning, but [properly] denotes intensiveness and muchness. (Msb. See two exs. of the latter verb voce قَلَبَةٌ.) And, (A, K,) like ↓ قلّبهُ, [except that the latter properly denotes intensiveness and muchness,] (K,) it signifies حَوَّلَهُ ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ (A, K) [ He turned it over, or upsidedown as meaning so that the upper side became the under side; lit. back for belly; accord. to the TA, meaning back upon belly (ظَهْرًا عَلَى بَطْنٍ); but this is hardly conceivable; whereas the former explanation is obviously right in another case: (see 5:) and another meaning of قَلَبَهُ and ↓ قُلبهُ, i. e. he turned it inside-out, is indicated in the TA by its being added, so that he knew what was in it ]. ― -b2- See an ex. voce قَلَابِ. One says, قَلَبَ كَلَامًا [meaning He altered, or changed, the order of the words of a sentence or the like, by inversion, or by any transposition ]. (TA.) [And in like manner, قَلَبَ كَلِمَةً He altered, or changed, the order of the letters of a word, by inversion, or by any transposition. ] Es-Sakháwee says, in the Expos. of the Mufassal, that when they transpose [the letters of a word], they do not assign to the [transformed] derivative an inf. n., lest it should be confounded with the original, using only the inf. n. of the original that it may be an evidence of the originality [of the application of the latter to denote the signification common to both]: thus they say يَئِسَ, inf. n. يَأْسٌ; and أَيِسَ is مِنْهُ ↓ مَقْلُوبٌ [i. e. formed by transposition, or metathesis, from it ], and has no inf. n.: when the two inf. ns. exist, the grammarians decide that each of the two verbs is [to be regarded as] an original, and that neither is مقلوب from the other, as in the case of جَذَبَ and جَبَذَ: but the lexicologists [in general] assert that all such are [of the class termed] مقلوب. (Mz, close of the 33rd نوع.) [And قَلَبَ likewise signifies He changed, or converted, a letter into another letter; the verb in this sense being doubly trans.: for ex., one says, قَلَبَ الوَاوَ يَاآءً He changed, or converted, the و into ى.] ― -b3- And [hence] one says, قَلَبَهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ (assumed tropical:) He turned him [ from his manner, way, or course, of acting, or proceeding, &c.]: and Lh has mentioned ↓ اقلبهُ [in the same sense], but as being disapproved. (TA.) And قَلَبَ الصِّبْيَانَ (tropical:) He (the teacher) turned away [or dismissed ] the boys to their dwellings: (Th, A, TA:) or sent them [ away ], and returned them, to their abodes: and Lh has mentioned ↓ اقلبهم as a dial. var. of weak authority, saying that the former verb is that which is used by the Arabs in this and other [similar] cases. (TA.) And قَلَبْتُ القَوْمَ (assumed tropical:) I turned away [or dismissed ] the people, or party; (Th, S, O;) like as you say صَرَفْتُ الصِّبْيَانَ. (Th, S.) And قَلَبَ ا@للّٰهُ فُلَانًا اـِلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) [ God translated such a one unto Himself, by death: meaning God took his soul ]; as also ↓ اقلبه; (K, TA;) whence the saying of Anooshirwán, ا@للّٰهُ مُقْلَبَ أَوْلِيَائِهِ ↓ أَقْلَبَكُمُ (assumed tropical:) [ May God translate you with the translating of his favourites (مقلب being here an inf. n.), meaning, as He translates his favourites]. (TA.) ― -b4- And قَلَبَ عَيْنَهُ, and حِمْلَاقَهُ, (TA,) or حِمْلَاقَ عَيْنِهِ, (A,) [ He turned about, or rolled, his eye, and therefore the parts of his eye that are occasionally covered by the eyelids, ] on the occasion of anger, (A, TA,) and of threatening. (TA.) ― -b5- قَلَبَ, aor. قَلِبَ , inf. n. قَلْبٌ; and ↓ اقلب likewise, but this is of weak authority, mentioned by Lh; signify also He turned over bread, and the like, when the upper part thereof was thoroughly baked, in order that the under side might become so. (TA.) And you say, قَلَبْتُ الاـِنَاآءَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ [ I turned over the vessel upon its head ]. (Msb, in explanation of كَبَبْتُ الاـِنَاآءَ.) And قَلَبْتُ الأَرْضَ لِلزِّرَاعَةِ [ I turned over the earth for sowing ]: and ↓ قَلَّبْتُهَا, also, I did so much. ] (Msb.) And يُقْلَبُ التُّرَابُ بِالحَفْرِ [ The earth is turned over in digging ]: whence قَلَبْتُ قَلِيبًا means I dug a well. (A.) ― -b6- And [hence also] one says, قَلَبْتُ الشَّىْءَ لِلْاِبْتِيَاعِ I turned over the thing, or (assumed tropical:) I examined the several parts, or portions, of the thing, (تَصَفَّحْتُهُ,) [or I turned over the thing for the purpose of examining it, ] with a view to purchasing, and saw its outer part or side, and its inner part or side: and ↓ قَلَّبْتُهُ, also, I did so much. (Msb.) And قَلَبَ السِّلْعَةَ (tropical:) He (a trafficker) examined the commodity, and scrutinized its condition: and ↓ قَلَّبَهَا, also, he did so [ much ]. (A.) And قَلَبَ الدَّابَّةَ and الغُلَامَ (tropical:) [ He examined, &c., the beast, or horse, or the like, and the youth, or young man, or male slave ]: (A:) and قَلَبَ المَمْلُوكَ, aor. قَلِبَ , inf. n. قَلْبٌ, (tropical:) he uncovered and examined the male slave, to look at [or to see ] his defects, on the occasion of purchasing. (O, TA.) And قَلَبْتُ الأَمْرَ ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ (assumed tropical:) I considered [or turned over in my mind ] what might be the issues, or results, of the affair, or case: and ↓ قَلَّبْتُهُ, also, I did so much. (Msb.) -A2- قَلَبٌ signifies اِنْقِلابٌ, (S, A, O, K, TA,) [...]