قعد

قَعِيدٌ ذ A companion in sitting: (S, AHeyth, L, K:) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفَاعِلٌ. (L.) ― -b2- A preserver; a keeper; a guardian; a watcher. (L, K.) [In some copies of the K, by the omission of وَ, this meaning is assigned to مُقَاعِدٌ.] It is used alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem. (L, K) and dual also. (L.) It is said in the Kur, [l. 16,] عَنِ اليَمِينِ وَعَنِ الشِمَالِ قَعِيدٌ [ On the right and on the left a sitter, or guardian, or watcher ]: respecting which it is observed, that فَعِيلٌ and فَعُولٌ are of the measures used alike as sing. and dual and pl.; as in اـِنَّا رَسُولُ رَبِّكَ, [Kur xi. 83, accord. to one reading,] and وَالمَلَائِكَةُ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ ظَهِيرٌ, [Kur lxvi. 4:] (S, L:) or, as the grammarians say, قَعِيدٌ is understood after اليمين. (L.) ― -b3- [Hence,] A father; (A'Obeyd, K;) and ↓ قَعِيدَةٌ A man's wife; (S, L, K; *) as also ↓ قِعَادٌ: (S, L:) and قَعِيدَةُ بَيْتِ رَجُلٍ a man's wife: pl. قَعَائِدُ. (L.) ― -b4- قَعِيدَكَ ا@للّٰهَ, and ا@للّٰهَ ↓ قَعْدَكَ, and ا@للّٰهَ ↓ قِعْدَكَ, (K,) but the last was unknown to AHeyth, (L,) [ By thy Watcher, or Keeper, God: قعيد and ↓ قعد being epithets, put in the acc. case because of the prep. بِ understood: or] I conjure thee by God; syn. نَشَدْتُكَ ا@للّٰهَ: some say, the meaning is, as though God were sitting with thee, watching over thee, or keeping thee: [in some copies of the K, for بِحِفْظِهِ عَلَيْكَ, the reading in the TA, we find يَحْفَظُهُ عَلَيْكَ:] or by thy Companion, who is the Companion of every secret, [namely God ] ! قَعِيدَكَ لَا اآتِيكَ, and لا اتيك ↓ قِعْدَكَ; and قَعِيدَكَ ا@للّٰهَ لا اتيك, and ا@للّٰهَ لا اتيك ↓ قِعْدَكَ; are forms of swearing used by the Arabs, in which قعيد and ↓ قعد are inf. us. put in the acc. case because of a verb understood; [or rather, as it appears to me, and as I have said above, they are epithets, put in the acc. case because of the prep. بِ understood;] and the meaning is, By thy Companion, who is the Companion of every secret, [ I will not come to thee; and by thy Companion, &c., or by thy Watcher, or Keeper, God, I will not come to thee; ] like as one says نَشَدْتُكَ ا@للّٰهَ: (S, L:) some say, that قعيد and ↓ قعد signify here a watcher, or an observer, and a preserver, a keeper, or a guardian, that God is meant by them, and that they are in the acc. case because أُقْسِمُ followed by the prep. بِ is understood; [the meaning being I swear by thy Watcher, or Keeper, &c., God, &c.; and this opinion is the more agreeable with the explanation given above, “ By thy Companion &c. ”:] others say, that they are inf. ns., and that the meaning is, I swear by thy regard, or fear, of God, بِمُرَاقَبَتِكَ ا@للّٰهَ: El-Mázinee and others, however, assert that قعيد has no verb. (MF.) ― -b5- Ks says that ا@للّٰهُ ↓ قِعْدَكَ [اللّٰه being in the nom. case] signifies God be with thee! (L.) [or God be thy Companion, or Watcher, or Keeper! ]; and so does قَعِيدَكَ اللّٰهُ. (AHeyth, L.) [Or] قَعِيدَكَ ا@للّٰهَ, (IB, L, K,) and قِعْدَكَ ا@للّٰهَ, (K,) and قَعْدَكَ ا@للّٰهَ, (IB, L, TA,) [are] expressions of conciliation, not oaths, as they have not the complement of an oath: the former word in each is an inf. n. occupying the place of a verb, and therefore is put in the acc. case, as in عَمْرَكَ ا@للّٰهَ, which means عَمَّرْتُكَ ا@للّٰهَ, i. e., I beg God to prolong thy life: in like manner, قَعَّدْتُكَ ا@للّٰهَ [in the K, قِعْدَكَ,] signifies, [and so the three first phrases above, of which it is the original form,] I beg God to preserve, keep, guard, or watch, thee; from the saying in the Kur, [l. 16,] عَنِ اليَمِينِ وَعَنِ الشِّمَالِ قَعِيدٌ, i. e. حَفِيظٌ. (Aboo-'Alee, IB, L, K. *) قَعِيدَ كُمَا ا@للّٰهَ is used in interrogative phrases and in phrases conveying an oath, [and so is قَعِيدَكَ ا@للّٰهَ]. You say, interrogatively, قَعِبدَكُمَا ا@للّٰهَ أَلَمْ يَكُنْ كَذَا وَكَذَا [ I beg God to preserve, keep, guard, or watch, thee. Was it not so and so? ]: and in the other case, قَعِيدَكَ ا@للّٰهَ لَأُكْرِمَنَّكَ [ By thy Watcher, or Keeper, God, I will assuredly pay thee honour! ] (Th, L.) ― -b6- [And from the signification of ' father ' is derived] the phrase قَعِيدَكَ لَتَفْعَلَنَّ, By thy father, thou shalt assuredly do such a thing. (K, TA.) -A2- What comes to thee from behind thee, (S, L, K,) of gazelles or birds (L, K) or wild animals: contr. of نَطيحٌ: (S, L:) of evil omen. (L.) -A3- The locust of which the wings are not yet perfectly formed. (S, K.)