نفض

1 نَفَضَ ذ , (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. نَفُضَ , (S, Msb,) inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He shook (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) a thing, (Mgh, Msb,) or a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, A, K,) in order that what was upon it, of dust &c., might fall off (S, * A, * Mgh, K, *) or to remove from it dust and the like; (Msb:) he took a thing with his hand, and shook it, or shook it violently, to remove the dust from it: (TA:) and in like manner a tree, in order that what was upon it [ of face or of leaves ] might fall of; (S, A;) as, for instance,] a tree of the kind called عِضاه, to shake off its leaves. (TA) You say also, نَفَضَ عَنَهُ الغُبَارَ and التُّرَابَ [ He shook off from it the dust (A.) And نَفَضَتُ الوَرَقَ مِنْ الشَّجَرَة. inf. n. as above, [ He shook off the leaves from the tree; ] be made the leaves to fall from the tree. (Msb,) And نَفْضٌ also signifies The sprinkling or scattering in drops, (syn. رَشٌّ,) water and blood. (A, K, in art. رش,) and tears, (K, ibid.) &c. (A,ibid.) ― -b2- [Hence,] نَفَضَتْهُ الحُمَّى (S, A, K) (tropical:) The fever made him to shiver, or tremble (As, TA ― -b3- And نَفَضَتِ المَرْأَةُ, (K,) or نَفضَتٌ كَرشَهَا (S,) or نَفَضَتْ وَلَدَهَا مِنْ بَطْنها, (A,)‡ The woman bore many children; was prolific (S, K. TA) And نَفَضَت الاـِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) The she-camels brought forth, (S, L, K,) all of them: (L;) and ↓ انعضت signifies the same. (IDrd, S, K.) And بَيْضَها نَغَضَتِ الدَّحَاجَPُ (tropical:) [ The hen laid her eggs. or all her eggs A. TA.) ― -b4- Hence also,] فَامَ يَنَفُضُ الكرَى, He arose, shaking off drowsiness ]. (A. TA.) And نَفَضَ الأَسْفَامَ عَنْهُ وَا@سْتَصَحّ; [ He shook off maladies from him, and recovered from his sickness] ; i. e. his health became in a sound state (A. TA.) And نَفَضَ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ (A,) inf. n. نُفُوضٌ, (TA, K,) (tropical:) He recovered, or became free, from his disease (A, K, * TA.) ― -b5- And نَفَضْتُ لَهُ مَا فِى جِرَابِى † I showed him what was in my heart. (Er-Rághib, TA, in art. شكو and شكى ― -b6- And نَفَضَ الطَّرِيقَ (tropical:) He cleared the road of robbers, and intercepters of travellers: (tropical:) he guarded the road. (A, TA. [The latter signification is shown by an explanation or the act. part. n.] It is said in the trad. of Aboo-Bekr and the cave [ in which Mohammad was hiding himself], أَنَا أَنَفُضُ مَا حَوْلَكَ (tropical:) I will guard what is around thee, and go round about to try if I can see a pursuer. (TA.) You say also, نَفَضَ المَكَان, (S, K,) aor. as above, (TA.) inf. n. نَفَضٌ (S, TA.) and ↓ استنفضهُ, and ↓ تنفّضهُ; (S, K;) (tropical:) He looked trying to see all that was in the place: (S;) or he looked at all that was in the place so as to know it. (K) And hence نَفَضَ signifies (tropical:) He searched to the at most. (L.) And اـِذَا تَكَلَّمُت نَهَارًا فَا@نْفُضْ وَاـِذَا تَكَلَّمْتَ لَيْلًا فَا@خْفِضْ (S, K, * TA) (tropical:) When thou speakest by day, look aside, or about, to try if thou see any one whom thou dislikest; (S, K, TA;) and when thou speakest by night, lower thy voice. (TA.) And القَوْمَ ↓ استنفض (tropical:) He looked at the people, or company of men, endeavouring to obtain a clear knowledge of them; or considered, or examined, them repeatedly, in order to know them. (TA.) The saying of El-'Ojeyr Es-Saloolee, القَوْمَ طَرْفُهُ ↓ اـِلَى مَلِكٍ يَسْتَنْفِضُ means (tropical:) [ To a king whose eye ] looks at the people, or company of men, and knows who among them has the right on his side: or looks to see in whom among them is mental perception, sagacity, intelligence, forecast, or skill in affairs, and which of them is of the contrary description: (TA:) [or] طَرْفُهُ القَوْمَ ↓ فُلَانٌ يَسْتَنْفِضُ means (tropical:) [ The eye of ] such a one makes the people, or company of men, to tremble, by reason of his awfulness. (A, TA.) ― -b7- You also say, الاـِبِلُ تَنْفُضُ الأَرْضَ (assumed tropical:) The camels traverse the land. (IAar.) ― -b8- And نَفَضَ القُرْاآنَ, (IAar,) or السُّوَرَ, (K,) aor. نَفُضَ , inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (IAar,) (tropical:) He read, or recited, (IAar, K,) the Kur-án, (IAar,) or the chapters thereof. (K.) ― -b9- And نَفَضْنَا حَلَائِبَنَا, inf. n. نَفْضٌ; and ↓ اِسْتَنْفَضْنَاهَا; (tropical:) We milked our milch beasts to the uttermost, not leaving any milk in their udders: (TA:) and الفَصِيلُ مَا فِى الضَّرْعِ ↓ انتفض (tropical:) the young camel sucked out all that was in the udder. (A, TA.) -A2- [It is also used intransitively in the following exs., as well as in some instances given above. Thus نَفَضَ الشَّجَرُ app. signifies The trees shook off, or dropped, their leaves or fruit. (See an ex. voce عَتِيقٌ, last sentence but one.) ― -b2- And hence] one says, نَفَضَ مَا فِى الجُلَّةِ [app. meaning What was in the palm-leaf basket became exhausted; like نَفِدَ; or it may be syn. with انتفض]; (A, K;) or جَمِيعُ مَا فِيهَا [ all that was in it; which shows that ما in the former instance is virtually in the nom. case]. (TA.) See also 4, in two places. ― -b3- And نَفَضَ الصِّبْغُ, (ISh, Mgh, K,) inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (ISh, TA,) or نُفُوضٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The dye (ISh, K, TA,) of a red or yellow garment, or piece of cloth, (ISh, TA,) lost somewhat of its colour. (ISh, K, TA.) And hence, (Mgh,) نَفَضَ الثَّوْبُ, (A, Mgh,) aor. نَفُضَ , (A,) inf. n. نُفُوضٌ, (A, Mgh,) (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, lost its dye: (A:) or lost somewhat of its colour, of redness, or yellowness: (Mgh:) or the colour of its dye faded away so that there remained nothing but the trace. (TA.) نَفْضٌ, accord. to the lawyers, signifies (assumed tropical:) The being scattered, strewn, strewed, or dispersed: and accord. to [the Hanafee Imám] Mohammad, the non-transition of the trace of the dye to another thing: or its exhaling a sweet odour. (Mgh [but it seems that the particle لا, which I have rendered “ non, ” is inserted by mistake in my copy of the Mgh.]) ― -b4- نَفَضَ الزَّرْعُ, (K,) or نَفَضَ الزَّرْعُ سَبَلًا, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The seed-produce put forth the last of its ears. (K, [...]