نفس

نَفَسٌ ذ [ Breath; ] what is drawn in by the airpassages in the nose, [or by the mouth, ] to the inside, and emitted, (Msb;) what comes forth from a living being in the act of تَنَفُّس. (Mgh:) or the exit of wind from the nose and the mouth: (M:) pl. أَنْفَاسٌ. (S, M, A. Mgh, Msb, K.) ― -b2- A gentle air: pl. as above. (M, Msb.) You say also, نَفَسُ الرِّيحِ [ The breath of the wind ]: and نَفَسُ الرَّوْصَةِ the sweet [ breath or] odour [ of the meadow, or of the garden, &c.]. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence, app., its application in the phrase] نَفَسَ السَّاعَةِ [ The blast of the last hour; meaning,] the end of time. (Kr, M.) ― -b4- [Hence also, (assumed tropical:) Speech: and kind speech: (see an ex. voce أَمْلَحَ:) so in the present day.] ― -b5- [And (assumed tropical:) Voice, or a sweet voice, in singing: so in the present day.] ― -b6- A gulp. or as much as is swallowed at once in drinking: (S, L, K:) but this requires consideration; for in one نَفَس a man takes a number of gulps, more or less according to the length or shortness of his breath, so that we [sometimes] see a man drink [the contents of] a large vessel in one نَفَس, at a number of gulps: (L:) [therefore it signifies sometimes, if not always, a draught, or as much as is swallowed without taking breath: ] pl. as above. (S.) You say, اـِكْرَعْ فِى الاـِتَاآءِ نَفَسًا أَوْ نَفَسَيْنِ (tropical:) [ Put thou thy mouth into the vessel and drink ] a gulp, or two gulps: [or a draught, or two draughts: ] and exceed not that. (S; And شَربْتُ نَفَسًا وَأَنْفَاسًا (tropical:) [ I drank a gulp, and gulps: or a draught, and draughts ]. (A.) And فُلَانٌ شَرِبَ الاـِنَاآءَ كُلَّهُ عَلَى نَفَسٍ وَاحِدٍ (tropical:) [ Such a one drank the whole contents of the vessel at one gulp or at one draught ]. (L.) ― -b7- (tropical:) Every resting between two draughts: (M, TA:) [pl. as above.] You say, شَرِبَ بِنَفَسٍ وَاحِدٍ (tropical:) [ He drank with one resting between draughts ]. (A.) And شَربَ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَنْفَاسٍ (tropical:) [ He drank with three restings between draughts ]. (A. K.) [And hence,] شَرَابٌ ذُو نَفَسِ (tropical:) Beverage in which is ampleness, [ so that one pauses while drinking it, to take breath, ] and which satisfies thirst. (IAar, K.) And شَرَابٌ غَيْرُ ذِى نَفَسٍ (tropical:) Beverage of disagreeable taste, (A, K, *) changed in taste and odour, (K,) in drinking which one does not take breath (A, K) when he has tasted it; (K;) taking a first draught, as much as will keep in the remains of life, and not returning to it. (TA.) ― -b8- [And hence it is said that] نَفَسٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) Satisfaction, or the state of being satisfied, with drink; syn. دِىَّ. (IAar, K.) ― -b9- [Hence also.] (tropical:) Plenty, and redundance. So in the saying اـِنّ فِى المَاآءِ نَفَسًا لِى وَلَكَ [ Verily in the water is plenty, and redundance, for me and for thee ]. (Lh, M.) ― -b10- (tropical:) A wide space: (TA:) (tropical:) a distance (A.) You say, بَيْنَ الفَر يقَيْن نَفَسٌ (tropical:) Between the two parties is a wide space. (TA.) And بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهٌ نَفَسٌ (tropical:) Between me and him is a distance. (A.) ― -b11- (tropical:) Ample scope for action &c.; and a state in which is ample scope for action &c., syn. سعةٌ, (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) and فُسْحَةٌ, (A, K,) in an affair. (S, M, A, K.) You say, لَك فِى هٰذَا نَفَسٌ [ There is ample scope for action &c. for thee in this. (Mgh.) And أَنْتَ فِى نَفِس مِنْ أَمْرِكَ (tropical:) [ Thou art in a state in which is ample scope for action &c. with respect to thine affair. (S, M.) And اـِعْملْ وَأَنْتَ فِى نَفَسٍ مِنْ أَمْرِكَ (tropical:) Work thou while thou art in a state in which is ample scope for action &c. (فِى فُسْحَةٍ وَسَعَة) with respect to thine affair, before extreme old age, and diseases, and calamities. (TA.) See also نُفْسَةٌ. ― -b12- (tropical:) Length. (M.) So in the saying زِدْنى نَفَسًا فِى أَجَلِى (tropical:) [ Add thou to me length in my term of life ]: (M:) or lengthen thou my term of life. (TA.) You say also, ↓ فِى عُمُرِهِ مُتَنَفَّسٌ (tropical:) [ In his life is length: see 5]. (A, TA.) ― -b13- The pl., in the accus. case, also signifies (assumed tropical:) Time after time. So in the saying of the poet, عَيْنَىَّ جُودَا عَبْرَةً أَنْفَاسَا [ O my two eyes, pour forth a flow of tears time after time ]. (S.) -A2- نَفَسٌ is also a subst. put in the place of the proper inf. n. of نَفَّسَ; and is so used in the two following sayings, (K, TA,) of Mohammad. (TA.) لَا تَسبُوُّا الرِّيحَ فَاـِنَّهَا مِنْ نَفَسِ الرَّحْمٰنِ, i. e. (tropical:) [ Revile not ye the wind, for ] it is a means whereby the Compassionate removes grief, or sorrow, or anxiety, (K, TA,) and raises the clouds, (TA,) and scatters the rain, and dispels dearth, or drought. (K, TA.) And أَجِدُ نَفَسَ رَبَِّكُمْ مِنْ قِبَلِ اليَمَنِ (tropical:) I perceive your Lord's removal of grief, &c., from the direction of El-Yemen: meaning, through the aid and hospitality of the people of El-Medeeneh, who were of El-Yemen; (K, TA;) i. e., of the Ansár, who were of [the tribe of] El-Azd, from ElYemen. (TA.) It is [said by some to be] a metaphor, from نَفَسُ الهَوَاآءِ, which the act of breathing draws back into the inside, so that its heat becomes cooled and moderated: or from نَفَسُ الرِّيِح, which one scents, so that thereby he refreshes himself: or from نَفَسُ الرَّوْضَةِ. (TA.) You also say, مَا لِى نَفَسٌ, meaning, (tropical:) There is not for me any removal, or clearing away, of grief. (A.) -A3- It is also used as an epithet, signifying (assumed tropical:) Long; (AZ, K;) applied to speech, (K,) and to writing, or book, or letter. (AZ, K.)