كبر

1 كَبُرَ ذ , aor. كَبُرَ , (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. كُبْرٌ (A, Msb, K) and كِبَرٌ and كَبَارَةٌ, (A, K,) He, (TA,) or it, (Msb,) was, or became, great, [ big, or large in body, or corporeal substance: and in years, or age; (when said of a human being, often particularly signifying he attained to puberty; ) and in estimation or rank or dignity; ] contr. of ضَغُرَ; (A, K;) syn. عَظُمَ, (S, Msb, K,) and جَسُمَ. (K.) [In the K the pret. is twice mentioned: where it is explained as signifying the contr. of صَغُرَ, the above inf. ns. are mentioned, as in the A: where it is explained by عَظُمَ and جَسُمَ in the K, no inf. n. is mentioned; but in the TA it is there said that in the sense of عَظُمَ it relates to an affair or case, and that the inf. n. is كِبَرٌ and كَبَارَةٌ; and that in the sense of جَسُمَ it relates to anything.] ― -b2- كَبُرَ الأَمْرُ [ The affair, or case, was, or became, of great moment; it was, or became, momentous: or it signifies as in the phrase next following]. (A.) ― -b3- كَبُرَ عَلَيْهِ الأَمْرُ The affair, or case, was, or became, difficult, hard, severe, grievous, distressing, afflictive, troublesome, or burdensome, to him or in its effect upon him; syn. شَقَّ. (A, * TA.) In this sense the verb is used in the Kur, x, 72, (TA,) and xlii, 11. (Bd, ii. 42.) And so in the Kur again, xvii, 53, أَوْ خَلْقًا مِمَّا يَكْبُرُ فِى صدُورِكُمْ, (TA,) meaning, أَوْخَلْقًا مِمَّا يَكْبُرُ عِنْدَكُمْ عَنْ قُبُولِ الحَيَاةِ [ Or a created thing of those which are too difficult in your minds to receive life ], as being the thing most remote from capability to receive life. (Bd.) [This signification is from the primary application of the verb.] -A2- كَبِرَ, aor. كَبَرَ , inf. n. كِبَرٌ and مَكْبِرٌ, He (a man, S, a human being, and a beast, TA, and a child, Msb,) became full-grown, or old, or advanced in age. (S, K.) Hence the prov., كَبِرَ عَمْرُو عَنِ الطَّوْقِ: see art. طوق.] ― -b2- [In modern Arabic, and, I believe, sometimes, in classic authors, it also signifies He became big; (said of a boy, or child, in the TA in art. رع, &c.;) i. e. attained to full growth: and to adolescence: and to puberty: see كَبِيرٌ.] This form of the verb and that first mentioned are sometimes erroneously used, each for the other, by persons of distinction as well as by the vulgar. (TA.) ― -b3- See كَبْرَةٌ, below. -A3- كَابَرْتُهُ فَكَبَرْتُهُ, aor. of the latter, كَبُرَ : see 3. ― -b2- كَبَرَهُ بِسَنَةٍ, aor. كَبُرَ , He exceeded me in age by a year. (K.) And مَا كَبَرَنِى اـِلَّا بِسَنَةٍ He did not exceed me in age save by a year. (IAar.)