عول

1 عَالَ عِيَالَهُ ذ , (S, Mgh, O, Msb, * K, TA,) aor. يَعُولُ, (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عَوْلٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and عِيَالَةٌ (S, O, K) and عُوُولٌ; (K;) He fed, nourished, or sustained, his family, or household, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, * K, [in the Msb, اليَتِيمَ, the orphan, ]) and expended upon them: (S, Mgh, O:) or he supplied them with what they needed of food and clothing and other things: (TA:) and ↓ أَعَالَهُمْ and ↓ عَيَّلَهُمْ signify the same. (K.) One says, عُلْتُهُ شَهْرًا I supplied him with his means of subsistence for a month. (S, O.) And it is said in a trad., اِبْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ i. e. [ Begin thou ] with those whom thou sustainest, and whose expenses are incumbent on thee; and if anything remain over and above, let it be for the strangers, or those who are not related to thee. (TA.) -A2- And عال, (Ks, K, TA,) aor. as above, (Ks, TA,) inf. n. عَوْلٌ and عِيَالَةٌ (K, TA) and عُوُولٌ, (TA,) He had a numerous family or household; (K, TA;) [and] so ↓ اعال, (Z, Mgh, O, Msb,) and ↓ أَعْوَلَ, (Z, O, K,) and ↓ أَعْيَلَ, (Msb, K, TA,) this last formed by the change of و into ى, (TA,) [or formed from عِيَالٌ,] and عيل [i. e. ↓ عَيَّلَ]: (Msb:) ↓ اعال is also expl. as meaning [simply] he had a family, or household: and ↓ أَعْوَلَتْ, occurring in a trad., as meaning she brought forth children, is said by IAth to be originally أَعْيَلَتْ, signifying she had a family, or household; but Z says that اعيلت is formed with a regard to the word عِيَالٌ, and is not the original form. (TA.) [See also 4 in art. عيل.] مَا لَهُ عَالَ وَمَالَ is a form of imprecation, meaning [ What ails him? ] May he have a numerous family or household, and may he decline from the right course in his judgment. (K. [See another explanation in art. عيل.]) And the saying, in the Kur [iv. 3], ذٰلِكَ أَدْنَى أَلَّا تَعُولُوا has been expl. as meaning [ That will be more, or most, apt, fit, or proper, ] that ye may not have numerous families or households. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, probably,] عال, aor. as above, [and يَعِيلُ, (see 1 in art. عيل,)] signifies also He (a man) was, or became, poor; (Ks, TA;) [and] so ↓ اعال. (K.) And Yoo says that لَا يَعُولُ عَلَى القَصْدِ أَحَدٌ signifies لَا يَحْتَاجُ [app. meaning No one will become poor, or in want, while following the right course ]: (TA:) and so لَا يَعِيلُ. (TA in art. عيل.) -A3- عال المِيزَانُ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. يَعُولُ and يَعِيلُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَوْلٌ and عَيْلٌ, (TA,) The balance inclined, or declined, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) and rose: (Mgh, Msb:) or one of its extremities rose above the other: (TA:) or it was, or became, defective, and declined from the right state: or [in the CK “ and ”] it was, or became, excessive. (K, TA.) And [hence,] عال فِى المِيزَانِ (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, unfaithful; or he acted unfaithfully. (Msb.) A poet says, قَالُوا ا@تَّبْعْنَا رَسُولَ ا@للّٰهِ وَا@طَّرَحُوا قَوْلَ الرَّسُولِ وَعَالُوا فِى المَوَازِينِ [ They said, “ We have followed the way of the Apostle of God: ” but they have rejected the saying of the Apostle, (assumed tropical:) and been false in the balances, i. e., unfaithful ]. (S, O.) ― -b2- And عال, (inf. n. عَوْلٌ, Msb,) He (a judge, Mgh) deviated from the right course, or acted wrongfully, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) فِى الحُكْمِ [ in the judgment ]. (S, O.) Hence, in the Kur [iv. 3, mentioned above], أَلَّا تَعُولُوا [ that ye may not deviate from the right course ], (S, Mgh, O, Msb, TA,) accord. to Mujá- hid, (S, O, Msb,) and most of the expositors. (TA.) ― -b3- And hence, (S, Mgh, O,) in the opinion of A'Obeyd, (S, O,) عَالَتِ الفَرِيضَةُ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. تَعُولُ, (TA,) inf. n. عَوْلٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) The فَرِيضَة [or primarily-apportioned inheritance ] deviated [ by excess ] from the limit of the named [ primary ] portions [which are all fractions of four and twenty]; (Bd in iv. 3;) [meaning] it rose [ above ], (S, O, Msb, K,) or exceeded, (K,) in the reckoning, (Msb, K,) [ the regular sum of the fixed primary portions, ] i. e., its [ fixed primary ], portions exceeded [ the regular sum thereof ], occasioning a diminution to the sharers: (S, Mgh, O, Msb:) العَوْلُ in this case being the contr. of الرَّدُّ [which I do not find in any lexicon, but only in dictionaries of conventional terms]. (Msb.) Az relates, of El-Mufaddal, that, application having been made to him respecting [the shares of inheritance of] two daughters and a father and a mother and a wife, said, “ Her [the wife's] eighth has become a ninth: ” and A' Obeyd says, he meant that the [primary] portions had exceeded [the regular sum] so that there fell to the wife the ninth, whereas in the original case she would have had the eighth; for if the فريضة had not exceeded [the regular sum], it would have consisted of four and twenty; but when it [so] exceeded, it became of seven and twenty; and there pertained to the two daughters the two thirds [of four and twenty], i. e. sixteen portions; and to the father and the mother the two sixths, i. e. eight portions; and to the wife three reckoned as of seven and twenty, i. e. the ninth, whereas, before the exceeding, it would have been three of four and twenty, i. e. the eighth: and this question is called المَسْأَلَةُ المِنْبَرِيَّةُ, because 'Alee was asked respecting it when he was on the pulpit, and said, without premeditation, “ Her eighth has become a ninth. ” (TA.) Hence the saying, in a trad. of Maryam, [i. e. the Virgin Mary, respecting a story to which allusion is made in the Kur iii. 39, (see a note on that verse in Sale's Translation,)] وَعَالَ قَلَمُ زَكَرِيَّاآءَ i. e. [ And the divining-arrow of Zacharias ] rose upon the water. (TA.) ― -b4- And one says also, عال زَيْدٌ الفَرَائِضَ, (S, Mgh, O,) or الفَرِيضَةَ, (Msb,) first pers. عُلْتُهَا, (K,) meaning Zeyd made the فرائض, or فريضة, to be as described above; as also ↓ أَعَالَهَا; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K; *) which latter is the more common. (Msb.) ― -b5- عال said of an affair, or event, It was, or became, hard to be borne, severe, or [...]