عتق

عَتِيقٌ ذ A horse that precedes, outstrips, or outgoes; as also ↓ عَاتِقٌ; or this signifies a horse that precedes, and becomes safe, or secure; (TA; [see 1, first and second sentences;]) or that precedes, outstrips, or outgoes, the [ other ] horses: (Msb:) and the former, a generous, or an excellent, horse: (Msb, TA:) or a horse swift and excellent; or that excites admiration by his generousness or excellence; syn. رَائِعٌ: (S, Mgh, O, TA:) pl. عِتَاقٌ: (S, O, Msb:) عَتِيقَةٌ applied to a young she-camel means generous, excellent, or swift: (TA:) and عِتَاقٌ has this meaning applied to camels, (TA,) or to such as are termed أَرْحَبِيَّات, (S, O, TA,) and to horses; (K, TA;) or the عِتَاق of horses are the generous, or excellent, thereof; and so of birds; (Mgh;) [the noble thereof, in a sense wider that that in which this epithet is applied in English falconry;] or of birds, such as prey; (S, O, K, TA;) عَتِيقٌ being applied to one of them: (TA:) عِتَاقُ الطَّيْرِ is also applied [particularly] to eagles: (IAar, TA voce عُقَابٌ:) and عَتِيقُ الطَّيْرِ, to the hawk, or falcon: (O, TA:) and عَتِيقٌ signifies anything generous, or excellent; (S;) and anything choice, or best; (S, O, K;) thus applied to a hawk, and dates, and water, and fat: (S:) or العَتِيقُ means dates [themselves], (AHn, O, K,) as in a verse of 'Antarah (or of Khuzaz-Ibn-Lowdhán, S, TA) cited voce كَذَبَ, (O,) as a proper name thereof; (K;) or, as some say, the dates termed شِهْرِيز; and its pl. is عُتُقٌ: (TA:) and water [itself]: (K:) and fat [itself]: and accord. to IAar, anything that has attained the utmost degree in goodness or badness or beauty or ugliness is termed عَتِيقٌ; pl. عُتُقٌ. (TA.) ― -b2- Also Beautiful, or comely: so in the saying, فُلَانٌ عَتِيقُ الوَجْهِ [ Such a one is beautiful, or comely, in respect of the face ]. (O, TA.) And اِمْرَأَةٌ عَتِيقَةٌ means A woman beautiful, or comely; generous, or noble. (TA.) ― -b3- And (applied to a man, S, O) Thin, or fine, or delicate, in his external skin, after having been coarse and rough. (S, O, K.) ― -b4- And, applied to a slave, signifying Freed from slavery, or emancipated; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ عَاتِقٌ, and ↓ مُعْتَقٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) and some of the relaters of traditions say ↓ مَعْتُوقٌ, (TA,) but this is not allowable: (Msb, TA:) عَتِيقَةٌ is applied to a female, (S, O, Msb, K,) and عَتِيقٌ also: Msb:) the pl. of عَتِيقٌ is عُتَقَاآءُ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and عِتَاقٌ also sometimes occurs, like كِرَامٌ as a pl. of كَرِيمٌ; (Msb;) and the pl. of عَتِيقَةٌ is عَتَائِقُ. (S, O, Msb.) العَتِيقُ is an appellation applied to Es-Siddeek, (S, K,) i. e. (S) to Aboo-Bekr, (S, O, K,) as a surname, (K,) because he was said by the Prophet to be freed (عَتِيق) from the fire [of Hell]: or because of his beauty, or comeliness: (S, O, K:) or he was so named by his mother. (O, K.) ― -b5- And Old; (S, Mgh, O, L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَاتِقٌ: (S, O:) the former is applied in this sense to anything, even to a man: (S, L:) and the pl. is عِتَاقٌ, which occurs in a trad. applied to the earlier verses of the Kur-án that were revealed at Mekkeh, (L, TA,) and عُتْقٌ, (S, K, *) or عُتُقٌ, with two dammehs, (Mgh, Msb,) like بُرُدٌ pl. of بَرِيدٌ, (Msb,) applied to دَرَاهِم, (Mgh, Msb,) عُتْقٌ being [probably] a contraction of عُتُقٌ (like as بُرْدٌ is of بُرُدٌ) and in like manner applied to دَنَانِير, (S,) [and عُتَّقٌ occurs in the TA in art. سم, agreeably with general analogy if pl. of عَاتِقٌ,] but عُتُّقٌ, with two dammehs and teshdeed, is a mistake. (Mgh.) البَيْتُ العَتِيقُ is an appellation of The Kaabeh, (S, O, K,) given to it in the Kur-án [xxii. 30 and 34, as meaning the Old House ], (O,) because it was the first house founded upon the earth, (O, K,) as is said in the Kur [iii. 90]: (O:) or [as meaning (assumed tropical:) the Freed House, ] because it was freed from submersion (O, K) in the days of the Deluge, (O,) being taken up; (TA;) or from the imperious, overbearing, or tyrannical, of mankind; or from the Abyssinians; or because not possessed by any one; (O, K;) and [thus expl.] it is tropical. (TA.) You say قَنْطَرَةٌ عَتِيقَةٌ [ An old bridge ], (S, O, K,) with ة, (S, O,) and قَنْطَرَةٌ جَدِيدٌ [meaning the contr.], (S, O, K,) without ة, (S, O,) because عَتِيقَةٌ has the meaning of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ, (S, O, K,) but جَدِيدٌ has the meaning of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ. (S, O.) And رَاحٌ عَتِيقٌ, (O, K,) without ة, (O,) and عَتِيقَةٌ and ↓ عَاتِقٌ [app. meaning Old wine ]: (K:) and ↓ خَمْرٌ عَاتِقٌ and عَتِيقٌ and ↓ عُتَاقٌ good and old wine: (K, in a later portion of the art.:) or ↓ عَاتِقٌ means old wine: (S, O, TA:) or long kept in its receptacle: (L, TA:) or of which no one has broken the seal [ upon the mouth of its jar ]: (S, O, TA:) or that has just attained to maturity: (Z, TA:) Hassán says, [using it as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] كَا@لْمِسْكَ تَخْلِطُهُ بِمَاآءِ سَحَابَةٍ أَوْ عَاتِقٍ كَدَمِ الذَّبِيحِ مُدَامِ [ Like musk which thou mixest with the water of a cloud, or old wine (&c.) like the blood of the slaughtered animal, made to continue long in its unopened jar]. (S, O, TA: but the last, for تَخْلِطُهُ, has مُخْتَلِطٌ.) ― -b6- And العَتِيقُ signifies Wine [itself]. (K.) And [ What is termed ] الطِّلَاآءُ [app. as meaning expressed juice of grapes boiled until the quantity thereof is reduced to one third or half ]. (K.) ― -b7- And Milk. (K.) ― -b8- And A [ sort of ] male palm-tree, (K, TA,) well known, (TA,) of which the female palm-tree will not shake off, or drop, its fruit (لَا تَنْفُضُ نَخْلَتُهُ). (K, TA.) ― -b9- And ثَوْبٌ عَتِيقٌ means جَيِّدُ الحبكةِ [app. a mistranscription, for جَيِّدُ الحَبْكِ, i. e. A garment, or piece of cloth, well woven ]. (TA.)