Tafsir as-Saadi (تيسير الكريم الرحمن في تفسير كلام المنان) — Page 145

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

أَصْلُهُ مَرْدُودٌ وَالْيَوْمُ الْآخِرُ أَيْ: أَنْتُمْ وَإِنْ قَصَدْتُمْ بِذَلِكَ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ فِي ابْتِدَاءِ الْأَمْرِ، فَإِنَّ الْمِنَّةَ وَالْأَذَى مُبْطِلَانِ لِأَعْمَالِكُمْ، فَتَصِيرُ أَعْمَالُكُمْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الَّذِي يَعْمَلُ لِمُرَاءَاةِ النَّاسِ وَلَا يُرِيدُ بِهِ اللَّهَ وَالدَّارَ الْآخِرَةَ، فَهَذَا لَا شَكَّ أَنَّ عَمَلَهُ مَرْدُودٌ، لِأَنَّ شَرْطَ الْعَمَلِ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِلَّهِ وَحْدَهُ وَهَذَا فِي الْحَقِيقَةِ عَمَلٌ لِلنَّاسِ لَا لِلَّهِ، فَأَعْمَالُهُ بَاطِلَةٌ وَسَعْيُهُ غَيْرُ مَشْكُورٍ، فَمَثَلُهُ الْمُطَابِقُ لِحَالِهِ كَمَثَلِ صَفْوَانٍ وَهُوَ الْحَجَرُ الْأَمْلَسُ الشَّدِيدُ عَلَيْهِ تُرَابٌ فَأَصَابَهُ وَابِلٌ أَيْ مَطَرٌ غَزِيرٌ فَتَرَكَهُ صَلْدًا أَيْ: لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ مِنَ التُّرَابِ، فَكَذَلِكَ حَالُ هَذَا الْمُرَائِي، قَلْبُهُ غَلِيظٌ قَاسٍ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الصَّفْوَانِ وَصَدَقَتُهُ وَنَحْوُهَا مِنْ أَعْمَالِهِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ التُّرَابِ الَّذِي عَلَى الصَّفْوَانِ، إِذَا رَآهُ الْجَاهِلُ بِحَالِهِ ظَنَّ أَنَّهُ أَرْضٌ زَكِيَّةٌ قَابِلَةٌ لِلنَّبَاتِ، فَإِذَا انْكَشَفَتْ حَقِيقَةُ حَالِهِ زَالَ ذَلِكَ التُّرَابُ وَتَبَيَّنَ أَنَّ عَمَلَهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ السَّرَابِ، وَأَنَّ قَلْبَهُ غَيْرُ صَالِحٍ لِنَبَاتِ الزَّرْعِ وَزَكَائِهِ عَلَيْهِ، بَلِ الرِّيَاءُ الَّذِي فِيهِ وَالْإِرَادَاتُ الْخَبِيثَةُ تَمْنَعُ مِنْ انْتِفَاعِهِ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ، فَلِهَذَا لَا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَعْمَالِهِمُ الَّتِي اكْتَسَبُوهَا، لِأَنَّهُمْ وَضَعُوهَا فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعِهَا وَجَعَلُوهَا لِمَخْلُوقٍ مِثْلِهِمْ، لَا يَمْلِكُ لَهُمْ ضَرَرًا وَلَا نَفْعًا وَانْصَرَفُوا عَنْ عِبَادَةِ مَنْ تَنْفَعُهُمْ عِبَادَتُهُ، فَصَرَفَ اللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ عَنِ الْهِدَايَةِ، فَلِهَذَا قَالَ: {وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ}

(from previous page) ⟵ He (God) forbids His servants, out of kindness and mercy, from nullifying their charities with reminders of their generosity and harm. This indicates that reminding and harming nullifies charity, and this can be used to infer that bad deeds nullify good deeds, as Allah Almighty said: "And do not raise your voices to him as you raise them to one another, lest your deeds become worthless while you perceive not." Just as good deeds remove bad deeds, bad deeds nullify the good deeds they oppose. In this verse, along with His saying, "And do not invalidate your deeds," there is an encouragement to complete deeds and protect them from anything that might corrupt them, so that the work is not wasted. And His saying, "like the one who spends his wealth to show off to people and does not believe in Allah and the Last Day," means that even if you initially intended to please Allah, reminding and harming will invalidate your deeds. Your deeds will become like those of someone who acts to show off to people and does not intend Allah and the Hereafter. There is no doubt that such a person's work is rejected, because the condition for a deed is that it must be for Allah alone, and this is in reality a deed for people, not for Allah. So his deeds are void and his effort is unrewarded. His fitting example is like that of a smooth, hard rock (safwan) covered with dust, upon which a heavy rain falls, leaving it bare, meaning nothing of the dust remains on it. Similarly, is the state of this hypocrite: his heart is thick and hard, like the smooth rock, and his charity and similar deeds are like the dust on the smooth rock. If an ignorant person sees him, he might think it is fertile land suitable for vegetation. But when the reality of his state is revealed, that dust disappears, and it becomes clear that his work is like a mirage, and his heart is not suitable for the growth of crops and their purification upon it. Rather, the hypocrisy within him and his malicious intentions prevent him from benefiting from any of his work. Therefore, they will not be able to achieve anything from the deeds they earned, because they placed them in the wrong place and made them for a creature like themselves, who possesses neither harm nor benefit for them, and they turned away from the worship of Him whose worship would benefit them. So Allah turned their hearts away from guidance, which is why He said: "And Allah does not guide the disbelieving people."

{وَمَثَلُ الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللَّهِ وَتَثْبِيتًا مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ كَمَثَلِ جَنَّةٍ بِرَبْوَةٍ أَصَابَهَا وَابِلٌ فَآتَتْ أُكُلَهَا ضِعْفَيْنِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُصِبْهَا وَابِلٌ فَطَلٌّ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ}

{The example of those who spend their wealth seeking the pleasure of Allah and confirming their own faith is like a garden on high ground, struck by a downpour, which yields its fruit twofold. Even if it is not struck by a downpour, a light rain suffices. Allah is All-Seeing of what you do.}

هَذَا مَثَلُ الْمُنْفِقِينَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ عَلَى وَجْهٍ تَزْكُو عَلَيْهِ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ وَتُقْبَلُ بِهِ صَدَقَاتُهُمْ فَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَمَثَلُ الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللَّهِ}

This is the parable of those who spend their wealth in a way that their expenditures flourish and their charities are accepted, as the Almighty said: {And the example of those who spend their wealth seeking the pleasure of Allah.}

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Vocabulary · المفردات (41 verbs · 97 nouns)

• رَدَّ — to return
• قَصَدَ — to intend
• صَارَ — to become
• أَصْل — origin
• يَوْم — day
• آخِرٌ — last