Saudi Arabic Curriculum (لغتي) — Grade 8, Semester 1 — Page 166

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

نَوَادِرُ وَقِيَمٌ.

Anecdotes and Values.

الْوَظِيفَةُ النَّحْوِيَّةُ: نَائِبُ الْفَاعِلِ.

Grammatical Function: The Passive Subject (Na'ib al-Fa'il).

إِضَاءَةٌ: أَسْبَابُ حَذْفِ الْفَاعِلِ: يُحْذَفُ الْفَاعِلُ إِمَّا لِلْعِلْمِ بِهِ، فَلَا حَاجَةَ لِذِكْرِهِ، لِأَنَّهُ مَعْرُوفٌ نَحْوَ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَخُلِقَ الْإِنسَانُ ضَعِيفًا﴾، وَإِمَّا لِلْجَهْلِ بِهِ فَلَا يُمْكِنُ تَعْيِينُهُ، نَحْوَ: سُرِقَ الْبَيْتُ، وَإِمَّا لِلرَّغْبَةِ فِي إِخْفَائِهِ لِلْإِبْهَامِ نَحْوَ رُكِبَ الْحِصَانُ، إِذَا عَرَفْتَ الرَّاكِبَ وَلَمْ تُرِدْ إِظْهَارَهُ، وَإِمَّا لِلْخَوْفِ عَلَيْهِ نَحْوَ كُسِرَ الزُّجَاجُ إِذَا كُنْتَ تَخْشَى أَنْ يُعَاقَبَ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ، وَإِمَّا لِلْخَوْفِ مِنْهُ نَحْوَ سُرِقَ الْحِصَانُ إِذَا كُنْتَ تَخَافُ مِنْ إِظْهَارِ السَّارِقِ، وَإِمَّا لِحِفْظِ شَرَفِهِ، نَحْوَ: عُمِلَ عَمَلٌ مُنْكَرٌ إِذَا عَرَفْتَ الْعَامِلَ فَلَمْ تَذْكُرْهُ حِفْظًا لِشَرَفِهِ.

Insight: Reasons for omitting the subject: The subject is omitted either because it is already known, making it unnecessary to mention, as in the Almighty’s saying: 'And man was created weak'; or because it is unknown and cannot be identified, as in: 'The house was robbed'; or to conceal the identity of the doer, as in: 'The horse was ridden,' if you know who rode it but do not wish to reveal them; or out of concern for the doer, as in: 'The glass was broken,' if you fear the person who broke it might be punished; or out of fear of the doer, as in: 'The horse was stolen,' if you are afraid to identify the thief; or to preserve the doer’s honor, as in: 'A reprehensible act was committed,' if you know who did it but withhold the name to protect their reputation.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (29 verbs · 57 nouns)

• حَذَفَ — to delete
• خَلَقَ — to create
• سَرَقَ — to steal
• نَادِرَةٌ — rarity
• قِيمَةٌ — value
• وَظِيفَةٌ — function