Kuwaiti Arabic Curriculum — Grade 7, Term 1 (لغتي العربية) — Page 34

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

أَنَا فِي مَوْقِعِ الْمُبْتَدَأِ، وَهُوَ ضَمِيرُ رَفْعٍ، وَقَدْ تَصَدَّرَ الْجُمْلَةَ الْاِسْمِيَّةَ، وَهُوَ الْمَحْكُومُ عَلَيْهِ الَّذِي أُسْنِدَ إِلَيْهِ الْكَلَامُ بَعْدَهُ، فَالضَّمِيرُ أَنَا ضَمِيرُ رَفْعٍ مُنْفَصِلٌ مَبْنِيٌّ عَلَى السُّكُونِ فِي مَحَلِّ رَفْعٍ مُبْتَدَأٌ، وَكَذَلِكَ بِالنِّسْبَةِ لِاسْمِ الْإِشَارَةِ هَذَا فَنَقُولُ فِيهِ كَمَا نَقُولُ فِي الضَّمِيرِ أَنَا فِي الْمِثَالِ الثَّانِي قَبْلَهُ وَعَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اسْمَ الْإِشَارَةِ هَذَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْمِثَالِ هُوَ اسْمُ إِشَارَةٍ مَبْنِيٌّ عَلَى السُّكُونِ فِي مَحَلِّ رَفْعٍ مُبْتَدَأٌ، وَأَخِيرًا الِاسْمُ الْمَوْصُولُ الَّذِي فَقَدْ جَاءَ كَذَلِكَ فِي صَدْرِ الْجُمْلَةِ الْاِسْمِيَّةِ، وَهُوَ الْمَحْكُومُ عَلَيْهِ، وَقَدْ أُسْنِدَ إِلَيْهِ الْخَبَرُ، فَكَانَ الِاسْمُ الْمَوْصُولُ الَّذِي اسْمًا مَوْصُولًا مَبْنِيًّا عَلَى السُّكُونِ فِي مَحَلِّ رَفْعٍ مُبْتَدَأٌ.

I am in the position of the subject (mubtada'), and it is a nominative pronoun that has headed the nominal sentence, and it is the one about which a judgment is made, to which the speech following it is attributed; thus, the pronoun 'I' (ana) is a detached nominative pronoun, indeclinable on a sukun, in the place of a nominative subject. The same applies to the demonstrative pronoun 'this' (hadha), for we say about it what we say about the pronoun 'I' (ana) in the second example before it; therefore, the demonstrative pronoun 'this' (hadha) in that example is a demonstrative noun, indeclinable on a sukun, in the place of a nominative subject. Finally, the relative pronoun 'which' (alladhi) has also come at the beginning of the nominal sentence, and it is the one about which a judgment is made, and the predicate has been attributed to it, so the relative pronoun 'which' (alladhi) is a relative noun, indeclinable on a sukun, in the place of a nominative subject.

الِاسْتِنْتَاجُ: لِلْمُبْتَدَأِ صُوَرٌ مُخْتَلِفَةٌ مِنْهَا: الِاسْمُ الصَّرِيحُ - الضَّمِيرُ - اسْمُ الْإِشَارَةِ - الِاسْمُ الْمَوْصُولُ.

Conclusion: The subject (mubtada') has various forms, including: the explicit noun, the pronoun, the demonstrative noun, and the relative noun.

يَكُونُ الْمُبْتَدَأُ مَرْفُوعًا إِذَا كَانَ اسْمًا ظَاهِرًا مُعْرَبًا، وَيَكُونُ مَبْنِيًّا فِي مَحَلِّ رَفْعٍ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْأَسْمَاءِ الْمَبْنِيَّةِ.

The subject is nominative (marfu') if it is an explicit, declinable noun, and it is indeclinable (mabni) in the place of a nominative if it is one of the indeclinable nouns.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (9 verbs · 37 nouns)

• تَصَدَّرَ — to head
• أَسْنَدَ — to predicate
• قَالَ — to say
• مَوْقِع — location
• مُبْتَدَأ — subject
• ضَمِير — pronoun