Egyptian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 10, Grammar (النحو) — Page 7

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

اللُّغَةُ وَسِيلَةٌ لِلتَّعْبِيرِ عَنِ الْمَعَانِي

Language is a means of expressing meaning.

وَأَدَاةٌ لِلتَّفَاهُمِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ

It is a tool for mutual understanding among people.

وَهِيَ تَتَكَوَّنُ مِنْ كَلِمَاتٍ

It consists of words.

وَالْكَلِمَةُ هِيَ لَفْظٌ لَهُ مَعْنًى

A word is a term that carries meaning.

وَكُلُّ مَا تَرَكَّبَ مِنْ كَلِمَتَيْنِ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ وَأَفَادَ مَعْنًى تَامًّا يُسَمَّى الْكَلَامُ الْمُفِيدُ

Any combination of two or more words that conveys a complete thought is called a meaningful sentence.

وَيَتَكَوَّنُ الْكَلَامُ الْمُفِيدُ مِنْ أَجْزَاءٍ هِيَ عَدَدٌ مِنَ الْكَلِمَاتِ تُرَتَّبُ تَرْتِيبًا مُعَيَّنًا لِيُفِيدَ مَعْنًى

A meaningful sentence is composed of parts—a number of words arranged in a specific order to convey sense.

الْكَلِمَةُ إِمَّا اسْمٌ أَوْ فِعْلٌ أَوْ حَرْفٌ

A word is either a noun, a verb, or a particle.

الِاسْمُ هُوَ الَّذِي يَدُلُّ عَلَى إِنْسَانٍ أَوْ حَيَوَانٍ أَوْ نَبَاتٍ أَوْ جَمَادٍ أَوْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ آخَرَ يُدْرَكُ بِالْحَوَاسِّ أَوِ الْعَقْلِ وَلَيْسَ الزَّمَنُ جُزْءًا مِنْهُ

A noun refers to a person, animal, plant, inanimate object, or anything else perceived by the senses or the intellect, and it does not contain a temporal element.

الْفِعْلُ هُوَ الَّذِي يَدُلُّ عَلَى حُدُوثِ شَيْءٍ فِي زَمَنٍ مُعَيَّنٍ

A verb indicates that an action or event occurs at a specific time.

الْحَرْفُ هُوَ الَّذِي لَا يُفْهَمُ مَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا مَعَ غَيْرِهِ مِنَ الْكَلِمَاتِ وَمُهِمَّتُهُ الرَّبْطُ بَيْنَ الْكَلِمَاتِ

A particle is a word whose meaning is only understood in context with others, as its function is to connect words.

Vocabulary · المفردات (12 verbs · 55 nouns)

• تَكَوَّنَ — to consist
• تَرَكَّبَ — to be composed
• أَفَادَ — to benefit
• سَمَّى — to name
• أَحَبَّ — to love
• دَافَعَ — to defend
• عَاشَ — to live
• رَتَّبَ — to arrange
• دَلَّ — to indicate
• أَدْرَكَ — to perceive
• قَرَأَ — to read
• فَهِمَ — to understand
• وَحْدَة — unit
• أَوَّل — first
• كَلَام — speech
• مُفِيد — beneficial thing
• جُزْء — part
• قِسْم — division
• كَلِمَة — a word (grammatical term)
• لُغَة — language
• وَسِيلَة — means
• تَعْبِير — expression
• مَعْنًى — meaning
• أَدَاة — tool
• تَفَاهُم — understanding
• نَاس — people
• لَفْظ — utterance
• إِيمَان — faith
• سَعَادَة — happiness
• كُلّ — all
• أَكْثَر — more
• تَامّ — complete
• وَطَن — homeland
• حَقّ — truth
• عَصْر — era
• دِيمُقْرَاطِيَّة — democracy
• عَدَد — number
• تَرْتِيب — arrangement
• مُعَيَّن — specific
• اسْم — noun
• إِنْسَان — human
• حَيَوَان — animal
• نَبَات — plant
• جَمَاد — inanimate matter
• شَيْء — thing
• آخَر — other
• حَاسَّة — sense
• عَقْل — mind
• زَمَن — time
• مُحَمَّد — Muhammad
• عُصْفُور — bird
• زَهْرَة — Zahra (a name, but here used as a common noun meaning 'flower')
• جَبَل — mountain
• صَدَاقَة — friendship
• فِعْل — Form I (verb pattern)
• حُدُوث — occurrence
• مَاضِي — past
• حَاضِر — present
• مُسْتَقْبَل — future
• حَرْف — particle
• مُهِمَّة — task
• رَبْط — connection
• قَاعِدَة — rule
• أَسَاسِيّ — basic
• نَحْو — grammar
• صَرْف — morphology
• أُولَى — first (feminine)